What is a Smart Card?

• Standard credit card-sized with microchip embedded on it

• Two types –Memory-only chips

–Microprocessor chips

What is a Smart Card?

• Can hold up to 32,000 bytes

• Newer smart cards have math co-processors–Perform complex encryption

routines quickly

History

• 1968- German inventors patent combination of plastic cards with micro chips.

• 1970- Japan patent different version.

• 1974- Roland Moreno invents integrated chip card and patents it in France.

• 1977- Motorola produces first smart card microchip.

History• 1979- Motorola develops first single chip

microcontroller for bank in France.

• 1982- ATM cards with smart chips tested and smart chips placed on telephone cards.

• 1991- AT&T declared its contactless smart card.

• 1992- Germany uses smart card for health care.

• 1996- First university campus deployment of chip cards.

Construction of Smart Cards

Construction of Smart Cards

Construction of Smart Cards

Construction of Smart Cards

I/ORST

RFU RFU

GND

Vpp

Vcc

CLK

Examples of Smart Cards

Examples of Smart Cards

Examples of Smart Cards

Java Rings

Ring Shaped Smart Cards

Antenna

Interfaces of Smart Cards

Interfaces of Smart Cards

Different

Smart Card

Readers

Portable

Smart

Card

Reader

Fingerprint Authentication

What are Biometrics?

Biometrics are the science of measuring physical or behavioral characteristics that are unique to each individual and also verifies that an individual is who she claims to be.

History of Biometrics• Biometric verification was used thousands of years ago by the people in the Nile valley. They identified individuals through unique scars and a combination of features such as complexion, eye color, and height. They did not use the advanced technological tools we have today, but the basic principles used by them were similar.

•Then in the nineteenth century criminology came up with a variety of measuring devices being produced. The development of fingerprinting became the international methodology among police forces for identity verification.

Biometrics

Face

Hand Geometry

Fingerprint

Iris

RetinalSignature

Voice

Biometrics

Future

•Health Services

•Education

•Transportation

•Welfare

•Entitlement Documents

•Telecommunications

Future