[slideshare] tafaqqahu-#4(january-2016)-lesson-#1c -introduction-to-module-(6-february-2016)

UNDERSTANDING OF THE DEEN (AL-ISLAM)Intermediate Islamic (FIQH) course in English

Conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

LESSON # 1 (c)LESSON # 1 (c)

Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims. Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.

““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2016))

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFUL.MOST MERCIFUL.

"O my Lord! Let my entry be by the Gate of Truth and Honour, and likewise my exit by the Gate of Truth and Honour; and grant me from

Thy Presence an authority to aid (me)”(Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 80)

THEME: “Advice regarding Four aspects”“Advice regarding Four aspects” Introductory abstract for this module Introductory abstract for this module

REFLECTION – “JADDID”REFLECTION – “JADDID”KNOWLEDGE OF THE ORIGIN AND THE ORIGINALUNDERSTANDING THE CURRENT CONTEXT WISDOM – Learn from a principle in Da’wah

PARTPART # # 4 4(January -(January -20162016))

Updated 6 FEBRUARY 2016

“O Allah! Grant favours in our hearing, in our sight and in our strength to be

always upon Your Path. And make our yearnings and desires to be in accord

with everything (teachings and guidance) which has ben brought by Your

beloved Muhammad - salutations of Allah and peace be upon him.”

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2016)) PREVIOUS LESSON

ALLAA-HUM-MA – MA-TI’-NAA – BI-AS-MAA-INAA – WA

– AB-SWAA-RI-NAA – WA- QUW-WAA-TI-NAA- FEE- SA-BEE – LIK, -

WAJ – ‘AL – HA-WAA-NAA –TA-BA-’AN- LI-MAA – JAA – A – BIHI – HA-BEE-BU-KA

– MUHAM-MADUN – SWOL-LAL-LAA-HU –’ALAI-HI - WA-SAL-LAM


“.. and teaching them the Book (AL-KITAAB) ..”

PREVIOUS LESSON


“… and teaching them the Book (AL-KITAAB) and wisdom (AL-HIKMAH) ..”

PREVIOUS LESSON


"I have been sent with JAWAMI’ AL-KALEEM (i.e., the shortest expression

carrying the widest meanings), and I was made victorious with awe (fear

cast into the hearts of the enemy), and while I was sleeping, the keys of

the treasures of the earth were brought to me and were put in my hand."

(Hadith reported by Bukhary)

PREVIOUS LESSON

JAWAMI'-AL-KALEEM means

(“comprehensive speech”) that Allah SWT has granted the

Prophet ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص ability to speak in the shortest expression

carrying the widest meanings; expressions in one or two

statements or thereabouts the numerous matters that used to

be written in the books revealed before him.

This epitomizes the Wisdom (AL-HIKMAH) granted to our

Prophet Muhammad ملسو هيلع هللا ىلصملسو هيلع هللا ىلص .In this module we shall try to reflect upon the significance as in

just one Hadith – the Prophet Muhammad’s ملسو هيلع هللا ىلصملسو هيلع هللا ىلص advice to a

Sahaabiy Abu Dzar al-Ghifari r.a., which we hope Allah SWT

will grant us profound understanding of the DEEN – insha-

Allah.All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2016)) PREVIOUS LESSON

IMAM ABU HAMID AL-GHAZALIE (R.A.)AN-NASEEHAH

The Sincere Advice

IDZAL – MAR – U – KAA - NAT - LAHU – FIK –RAH

FA – FEE - KUL – LI – SHAY- IN – LA – HU – ‘IB - RAH


Hadith extracted from: ‘NASA-IHU AL-’IBAAD ‘ALAA SHARHI AL-MUNABBIHAT ‘ALA AL-ISTI’DAD LI-YAUMI AL-MA-’AD’

Sheikh Imam Muhammad Nawawi bin Umar al-Jawi al-Bantanifamous Nusantaran scholar and Imam in Makkah (1813-1897)


O Aba Dzar! Renew the ship, for verily the ocean is deep,

And take complete provision, for verily the journey is far,

And lighten the load, for verily the obstacles are almost insurmountable,

And be sincere in your deeds, for verily the scrutinizer of faults

is The Seeing (Allah).AN-NAASEEHAHThe Sincere Advice


THE HADITH

PREVIOUS LESSON


JADDID

(RENEW)

PREVIOUS LESSON


IKHTIYAAR

PREVIOUS LESSON


JADDID

(RENEW)

THAT IT MUST NOT LEAD TO REPLACING THE ESSENTIAL FITRAH

change =

replace =


JADDIDJADDID - - renewalrenewal

Inherent in INSAN (mankind) is FITRAH to realize that there is a

God, although in this world they have forgotten – thus the root word for

INSAN is also NASIYAN; NASIY (forgetfulness; to forget).

Allah SWT in the Qur’an, reminds us:

PREVIOUS LESSON



And [mention] when your Lord took from the children of Adam - from their And [mention] when your Lord took from the children of Adam - from their

loins - their descendants and made them testify of themselves, [saying to loins - their descendants and made them testify of themselves, [saying to

them], "them], "Am I not your Lord?Am I not your Lord?" (" (ALAS-TU-BI-ROB-BI-KUMALAS-TU-BI-ROB-BI-KUM) . They said, ") . They said, "Yes, Yes,

we have testifiedwe have testified." (." (BA-LAA-SHA-HID-NAABA-LAA-SHA-HID-NAA). [This] - lest you should say on ). [This] - lest you should say on

the day of Resurrection, "Indeed, we were of this unaware." the day of Resurrection, "Indeed, we were of this unaware."

((Qur’an: A’raf: 7: 172Qur’an: A’raf: 7: 172))

Inherent in INSAN (mankind) is FITRAH to realize that there is a

God, although in this world they have forgotten – thus the root word for

INSAN is also NASIYAN; NASIY (forgetfulness; to forget).

Allah SWT in the Qur’an, reminds us:

PREVIOUS LESSON



Basically the teaching of Islam is to restore TRUTH and every goodness

inherent and then to guide mankind towards a higher goodness - with

warning of the punishment for evil and the promise of forgiveness with

glad tidings of everlasting reward in the Hereafter.

PREVIOUS LESSON



““And indeed, within And indeed, within every community every community have We raised up a Messenger have We raised up a Messenger

[entrusted with this message]: "[entrusted with this message]: "Worship Allah, and shun the powers of Worship Allah, and shun the powers of

evil!evil!" And among those [past generations] were people whom Allah graced " And among those [past generations] were people whom Allah graced

with His guidance, just as there was among them [many a one] who with His guidance, just as there was among them [many a one] who

inevitably fell prey to grievous error: go, then, about the earth and behold inevitably fell prey to grievous error: go, then, about the earth and behold

what happened in the end to those who gave the lie to the truth!” what happened in the end to those who gave the lie to the truth!”

((Qur’an: an-Nahlu: 16: 36Qur’an: an-Nahlu: 16: 36))

Basically the teaching of Islam is to restore TRUTH and every goodness

inherent and then to guide mankind towards a higher goodness - with

warning of the punishment for evil and the promise of forgiveness with

glad tidings of everlasting reward in the Hereafter.

PREVIOUS LESSON



Although we may be living in different times, yet our essential purpose,

pattern of life and challenges revolve around similar raison d’etre for

which we were all created for.

Mankind’s history attest to this reality, and we are invited to verify these

with empirical evidence preserved in many parts of the world. Even the

current problems we face are obvious, yet we are oblivious.

PREVIOUS LESSON



Although we may be living in different times, yet our essential purpose,

pattern of life and challenges revolve around similar raison d’etre for

which we were all created for.

Mankind’s history attest to this reality, and we are invited to verify these

with empirical evidence preserved in many parts of the world. Even the

current problems we face are obvious, yet we are oblivious.

“[Since they have become oblivious of Allah,] corruption has appeared

on land and in the sea as an outcome of what men’s hands have

wrought: and so He will let them taste [the evil of] some of their doings,

so that they might return [to the right path].”

(Qur’an: Rum: 30: 41)

PREVIOUS LESSON



“ Every child is born in a state of Fitrah (pure innocence);

it is the parent that will make him to be a Jew, or a Christian,

or a pagan (Majusi).”

(Hadith reported by Bukhary)

PREVIOUS LESSON



This principle in fact is linked to the command to inculcate in ourselves

the virtue of “SHAKUR” (gratefulness).

Amongst the criteria for SHAKUR, after acknowledging that Allah SWT

(as Giver), is show appreciation by ensuring that it be faithfully cherished

and preserved; and thence to fulfil the AMANAH (trust) in ensuring that

it be utilized and not abused or be wasted.

This then lead us to the next principle to have as criteria:

“TO HAVE KNOWLEDGE OF THE ORIGIN AND THE ORIGINAL”

PREVIOUS LESSON



a. KNOWLEDGE OF THE ‘TEXT AND ITS CHAIN’ - b. KNOWLEDGE OF THE HISTORYc. KNOWLEDGE OF PRESERVATION OF OUR LEGACY

To ‘renew’ implies ‘restoration’ or returning to its essential characteristic

as when it was ‘new.’ Thus before attempting to renew something, it is

imperative that we have the knowledge of the ‘origin’ and the ‘original’.

Without which no one should be trusted to attempt at ‘reformation’

There is only one DEEN-AL-ISLAM, faithfully practiced and conveyed

since the Prophet’s ملسو هيلع هللا ىلصملسو هيلع هللا ىلص period, continuously up to present era.

Attempt at ‘renewing’ matters regarding Islam specifically, the aspects of

knowledge required, amongst others are:

NOW TO CONTINUE – INSHA-ALLAH

a. KNOWLEDGE OF THE ‘TEXT AND ITS CHAIN’



There is only one AD-DEENUL ISLAM – established by the Last Prophet

Muhammad ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص . In its application throughout the era, reliance upon . In its application throughout the era, reliance upon

the original text through the system of the original text through the system of ISNADISNAD (chains) of Islamic texts (chains) of Islamic texts

which are continuously linked to Prophetic era, unbroken and which are continuously linked to Prophetic era, unbroken and

authenticated; and with established system (authenticated; and with established system (MANHAJMANHAJ), principles of how ), principles of how

it is to be applied i.e. school of scholars (it is to be applied i.e. school of scholars (MADZAAHIBMADZAAHIB), still relevantly ), still relevantly

applied - is indeed very important and quite unique to Islam.applied - is indeed very important and quite unique to Islam.

Without the Without the ISNADISNAD, Islam would have been changed and easily distorted., Islam would have been changed and easily distorted.

Those devoid of this knowledge or who have no appreciation of them, has Those devoid of this knowledge or who have no appreciation of them, has

no business spouting for “a new Islam” misapplying the term no business spouting for “a new Islam” misapplying the term TAJDIDTAJDID or or

MUJADDID claiming right to claiming right to IJTIHADIJTIHAD, calling for reformation of Islam, etc., calling for reformation of Islam, etc.

“The ISNAD is part of the DEEN. If it were not

for the ISNAD, then any person would have

said (about Islam) whatever he wished.”

(Imam ‘Abdullah Ibn al-Mubarak rhm.a.)


PERTAINING TO THE RELIGION OF ISLAM


””Verily this is knowledge (contains the rules) of the Verily this is knowledge (contains the rules) of the

DEENDEEN (Religion), so look thoroughly into (Religion), so look thoroughly into

the person from whom you acquire the person from whom you acquire

(the knowledge of) your (the knowledge of) your DEENDEEN (Religion).” (Religion).”

Imam Muhammad ibnu Sirrin (rhm.a) advices and warns us Muslims:Imam Muhammad ibnu Sirrin (rhm.a) advices and warns us Muslims:



‘ULUM AL-QIRA’AT – (schools of recitation) ; AS-BAAB-UN-NUZUL – (context of revelations)‘ILM TAFASSIR – (science of commentaries); I’JAZUL QUR’AN - (miracles and uniqueness);KHAT AL-QUR’AN – (calligraphy);

ISNAD (‘ilm riwayat; chains of its narrators) BIOGRAPHICAL - (asma’-wa-rijal; tabaqqat; wafaayat al-a’yan;)CRITICISM - (‘ilm mustholahal Hadith); CATEGORIZATION - (Nabawwi- Qudsiyy; Mutawatir-Shahih- Hassan-Dhoif; Maudhu-at);AHADITH COMPILATIONS – (Kitaabus-Sittah; Musnad; Muwatta’ etc.) MATN (‘ilm Diraayah; analysing its content) SHARH-AL-HADITH – (commentaries by Muhadithhun)COMPARATIVE SELECTION - (‘ilm tarjih);


TAXONOMY* This list is merely an example to illustrate – not exhaustive

USUL-AD-USUL-AD-DEENDEEN

TASAWWUF-WA-TASAWWUF-WA-TURUQTURUQ

CLASSICAL – (Ibnu Hisham; Ibn Ishaq; al-Tabari; al-Ya’qubi; al-Waqidi; etc)POST CLASSICAL AND CONTEMPORARY(too many and from many periods written not merely in Arabic language)


TAXONOMY

CLASSICAL – (most of classical writers of Seerah; al-Qutaybah; al-Mas’udi; ibn Khaldun; al-Biruni; etc. )POST CLASSICAL AND CONTEMPORARY(too many and from many periods written not merely in Arabic language)

* This list is merely an example to illustrate – not exhaustive

WE CAN ONLY CONTINUE TO BUILD BY STANDING UPON THE SHOULDERS OF THESE

GIANTS (MOUNTAINS)

““Whoever (among Muslims who) does not have any griefWhoever (among Muslims who) does not have any grief

(i.e. not saddened) by (news of) the death of (i.e. not saddened) by (news of) the death of

an ‘an ‘ALEEMALEEM (Islamic scholar), he is a (Islamic scholar), he is a MUNAFIQ MUNAFIQ (hypocrite), (hypocrite),

a a MUNAFIQMUNAFIQ (hypocrite), a (hypocrite), a MUNAFIQMUNAFIQ (hypocrite) ! ” (hypocrite) ! ”

((Hadith narrated by Imam Jalaluddin al-Suyuthi in “Tanqih al-QaulHadith narrated by Imam Jalaluddin al-Suyuthi in “Tanqih al-Qaul”)”)



b. KNOWLEDGE OF THE HISTORYJADDIDJADDID - - renewalrenewal


Alas today, influenced by secular educational system which train scholars

towards specialization, some may overlooked or undervalue the

importance of the ‘humanities’ especially the knowledge of History.

And history of the past may not be fully known, thus the need for it to be

critically investigated, documented and taught. As unfolding events are

constantly happening and narratives written, unfortunately often by those

who may not be faithful to the Truth – we Muslims cannot neglect or be

passive about this especially that concerning our own perspective.

Before talking about “renewal” of anything or whatever matter, our

knowledge of their history is obligatory without which, this can lead to

betrayal of the trust (KHIYAANAT) towards the truth of history and values

to be preserved and transmitted.

c. KNOWLEDGE OF PRESERVATION OF OUR LEGACY



Knowledge about history alone is still inadequate as that pertains only to

narratives which may remain mere narratives.

History must also be grounded upon evidence, relics, artifacts, physical

evidence, geographical landmarks connected to history, documents,

recordings, folklore, traditional culture, etc. which may have survived or

need to be re-discovered, revived, preserved and continuously taught.

Perhaps the “renewal” through having knowledge of the preservation

of our legacy is in efforts to ‘increase appreciation’ towards our common

identity and shared ummatic dignity. Those undiscovered legacy or even

ongoing requirement to leave behind our own legacies requires

knowledge of “what is original” and the “how” it should be preserved.



We do not change for the sake of change. Islam allows or command even

for us to change, albeit under the principle of “IKHTIYAR” i.e. change for

the better as previously explained.

It is only when current circumstances demand the change. It is not

outright replacement but rather when it demand re-assessment in how

(preserved) principles of Islam are to be implemented or practiced today.

Usually the need to change is due to some context or contemporary

concern faced by Muslims demanding for a solution to real problems (not

hypothetical).

Without knowledge of the problem, how can one provide solution?

This is why Muslims must keep abreast with every beneficial worldly

knowledge and current affairs issues – the UKHRAWI (other) knowledge.



“The preservation of earlier teachings of the righteous

(predecessors) and the acceptance of whatever is new

(current local practices but when deemed as) righteous.

AN ACCEPTED PRINCIPLE ADOPTED IN DA’WAH IN THE NUSANTARAAN ACCEPTED PRINCIPLE ADOPTED IN DA’WAH IN THE NUSANTARA


JADDID(RENEW)

A RELEVANT REFLECTION

(PREPARING FOR THE POST-MODERNIST CHALLENGE)

TO BE CONTINUED – INSHA-ALLAH

[slideshare] tafaqqahu-#4(january-2016)-lesson-#1c -introduction-to-module-(6-february-2016)

Education