slides 5 petroleum geology geological mapping 2011
DESCRIPTION
petroleum GeologyTRANSCRIPT
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Dynamic Earth: Geological
mapping
LECTURE 5
ENM200: Dynamic Earth Prof Bryan T Cronin ([email protected])
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From the plate tectonics section, we know that tectonic forces act on the rocks
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Geological
Map Anglesey North Wales
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How do geologists make maps? We firstly use way-up structures
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A. Geological map
B. Cross-section
Being able to visualise in
3D by mapping surface
geology allows geologists
to interpret the subsurface,
(including oil and gas
reservoirs)
We are used to having
few data!!
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Geologists then unravel
the story through time,
which resolves the
sequence of events.
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Petroleum systems
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UNCONFORMITY
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Huttons Unconformity: Siccar Point, SE Scotland/NE England
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DEFORMATION:
COMPRESSION
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FOLDS
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FOLDS: DIFFERENT
FOLD TYPES
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Large, open
Folds:
Zagros Mountains,
IRAN
2km
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RECUMBENT FOLD
DEVELOPMENT INTO
A THRUST FAULT
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Robert Gordon University Recumbent folds at outcrop
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FAULT TYPES (a)
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FAULT TYPES (b)
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Simplified
Fault Types
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Robert Gordon University Reactivated normal fault, Cove, Moray Coast
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Thrust at
outcrop
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CROSS-SECTIONS OF THE NORTH SEA
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Remember:
Rift basins start by
extension, then
are followed by a sag
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San Andreas Fault
Near San Luis Obispo,
California
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