slide 1 wp d integrating mobility management and land use planning how can mobility management be...

WP D Integrating Mobility Management and Land Use Planning

How can Mobility Management be included in the planning and

building permission process of a new development?

(D2)

What is Mobility Management?

• Concept for changing traveller’s attitudes by– promoting sustainable transport– managing demand for car use

• Core-part: soft measures– information and communication– organising services / coordinating activities of different partners

• Often no large financial investment required• High benefit-cost ratio (often > 10:1)• Examples: site based mobility plans, car-pooling,

mobility centres, travel awareness campaigns

• Objective: Making travel to and from the site more rational and sustainable by implementing Mobility Management measures – a choice of ways to get there

• Sites: companies, hospitals, schools, concert halls, sports arenas, housing areas, universities, etc.

• Main actors: developers, land-owners, tenants in cooperation with local authorities and others

What is site based Mobility Management (MM)?

Summary of site-based MM measures

Measure Ease of implementation

Impact on travel by car

Cost category

Promotional and awareness raising measures

easy low - moderate

low

Car-pooling – databases, reserved parking spaces

moderate low - moderate

low

Improved walking and cycling facilities

moderate low - moderate

medium

Cheaper and better public transport

moderate moderate - high

high

Car park management / charging

difficult high negative is a source of income

Flexible / tele-working and on-site facilities

moderate moderate - high

negative can cut costs

Financial incentives e.g. parking cash-out

moderate - difficult

moderate - high

high if not financed from parking income

Why integrate Mobility Management and planning?

Effective Mobility Management builds on:

• Good site accessibility by sustainable transport modes

• Measures (promotion, information, motivation), starting from beginning

• Public – private cooperation, to solve transport problems & mitigate negative transport impacts

Strategies for public authorities

• Encouraging or requiring Mobility Management through– advice

– part of negotiation

– obligation

• Influencing the number of car parking spaces at new development– important “lever” to influence travel behaviour to a site

• Range of policies already exist to support these two strategies

Policies supporting integration of Mobility Management and building permission process

Promotion of car-free housing


Access Contingent Model for regulating car traffic at

multifunctional developments

Access Contingent Model for regulating car traffic at

multifunctional developments

Encouraging the adoption of MM through environmental

legislation

Encouraging the adoption of MM through environmental

legislation

Maximum parking standards


Parking pay-off

Parking pay-off

Securing MM through inclusionin the parking regulation

Securing MM through inclusionin the parking regulation

Securing MM through inclusionin planning conditions and

obligations

Securing MM through inclusionin planning conditions and

obligations

MM advice during the planning or building permission processMM advice during the planning or building permission process

Securing MM through negotiation


MM advice during planning and building permission process

Policy and benefits• Advice on Mobility Management measures (written information

or active consulting service)• Raise developers’ awareness about possibilities of MM

When to use?• Use first contacts between public authority and developer

(planning phase of the project, preparation phase of request for planning or building permission, or DSDP development)

Provider• Transport planning agency at local (or regional) level• External consultant employed by public authority

Framework conditions• MM expertise in the public administration (if not: staff training

needed)• Otherwise may need external experts

Procedure for integration

• Inclusion in job-profile and training of existing staff• Convincing politicians about the necessity of the service


Policy and benefits

• MM measures are topic of negotiation (e.g. number of requested parking spaces accepted if developer implements MM measures)

• influencing developers’ consideration of MM without enforcing but by making a kind of deal

When to use?

• Provide information at first contact with developers during planning phase of new development

• When approving planning/building permission, or Detailed Site Development Plan (DSDP)

Provider • Transport planning agency at local (or regional) level

Framework conditions• Existing legal frameworks should allow the possibility to

negotiate• Topic and results of negotiation have to be fixed by contract

Securing MM through inclusion in parking regulation

Policy and benefits• Parking regulation requires MM at new developments over a

certain size• enforce implementation of MM

When to use?• In planning stage of development, at request for building

permission or during approval of Detailed Site Development Plan

Provider• Local (or regional) political authority; to avoid competition

between municipalities benefits from standard at national level (strong recommendation of use at local level)

Framework conditions• Works better in areas with well developed sustainable transport

network• In addition: offer advice on MM to developers


• Amendment of existing municipal, regional or national parking regulations

Securing MM through inclusion in planning conditions and obligations

Policy and benefits• Integrate MM as requirement in existing planning conditions

or obligations• Enforce implementation of MM

When to use?• In planning stage of development, at request for building

permission or during approval of Detailed Site Development Plan

Provider• Local (or regional) political authority; to avoid competition

between municipalities benefits from standard at national level (strong recommendation of use at local level)

Framework conditions• Works better in areas with well developed sustainable

transport network• In addition: offer advice on MM to developers


• Amendment of existing planning conditions and obligations at local level

• Flexible application of MM obligation according size, location, etc. of the development


Policy and benefits• Allow housing projects to build fewer parking spaces than

normally required• Enhanced consideration of MM

When to use?

• Requirements of parking regulations or building codes considered by developers in planning stage of development, at request for building permission or during approval of Detailed Site Development Plan

Provider • Local (or regional) political authority

Framework conditions

• Works better in areas with well developed sustainable transport network

• Conditions fixed by contract between public authority and developers or developer associations


• Amendments in existing parking regulations or building codes• linking conditions to the land (inclusion in the Land Registry)

Access Contingent Model for regulating car traffic at mixed-use developments

Policy and benefits

• Introduce maximum number of car trips permitted per year to/from large mixed-use developments (shopping areas, sports stadiums, etc.)

• Enhance consideration of MM

When to use?

• Requirements of parking regulations or building codes considered by developers in planning stage of development, at request for building permission or during approval of Detailed Site Development Plan



• Works better in areas with well developed sustainable transport network with larger developments

• Conditions for a max number of car trips must be fixed by contract between public authority and developers


• Amendments of building codes, parking regulations on a local, regional or national level

• Setting norms on regional or national level

Encouraging the adoption of MM through environmental legislation

Policy and benefits

• Require developments requesting > a threshold number of parking spaces (e.g. 300) to deliver an Environmental Impact Assessment Study (EIA)

• Number of requested parking spaces must be reduced and/or MM implemented if noise or pollution thresholds exceeded

When to use?• Requirements of environmental law must be considered by

developer in planning stage of a development

Provider • Local, regional or national political authority


• Preferably environmental law requires EIA for developments with > certain number of parking spaces

• If MM required, conditions must be fixed by contract between public authority and developers


• Amendment of existing environmental law in case that the existing doesn’t allow to integrate the request of an EIA


Policy and benefits

• Change minimum rates to maximum parking standards or establish a range of minimum and maximum parking rates per type of use

• Relate parking standards to accessibility by public transport, bike and walk

• Fewer parking spaces permitted so MM more seriously considered by developers

When to use?• Requirements of environmental law and parking standards

have to be considered by developer in planning stage of a development

Provider • Local, regional or national political authority


• Maximum parking standards should be developed as a norm at national or regional level

• No possibility of long term parking on public parking spaces • Good quality of sustainable transport network in the area


• Amendment of existing parking regulation on the basis of a new norm

Parking pay-off (cash-out)

Policy and benefits

• Invest money made from parking pay-off in improving sustainable transport in municipality (focus on new development zones)

• Releasing part of pay-off to developer with conditions that MM measures are implemented

• Improving quality of sustainable transport network and enhanced consideration of MM by developers

When to use?• Requirements of the parking regulation have to be

considered by the developer in the planning stage



• Possibility to re-direct parking pay-off money for purposes other than car parking

• Requirements for MM have to be fixed in a contract between developer and public authority


• Amendment of local parking regulation and also in any relevant regional or national law

Further information

• WP D: Guidelines for the integration of Mobility Management with land use planning:– policies explained in detail

– examples of existing policy applications in various countries described in form of single “datasheets”

– basic information on transferability of the policies

• www.max-success.eu

WP D Contact details

Germany - ILS, Dortmund [email protected]

Spain - ETT, Madrid [email protected]

Lithuania - VGTU, Vilnius [email protected]

Sweden - Trivector, Lund [email protected]

Poland - CUT, Cracow [email protected]

Switzerland - synergo, Zürich [email protected]

Slovenia - UNI, Maribor [email protected]

United Kingdom - ENU, [email protected]

slide 1 wp d integrating mobility management and land use planning how can mobility management be...

Documents

negotiation slide

mobility management

strategies slide

d2 slide

mobility centres

mobility plans

planning conditions

land use planning