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Presentation Notes for Knowledge is Power: Why Study Food Science?

Knowledge is Power: Why Study Food Science: Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

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Knowledge Is Power:Why Study Food Science?

You have probably heard this phrase before, haven’t you? How can knowledge give someone power? And how can knowledge about food science give someone power? Food is one of the three common factors of human existence, which are food, shelter, and clothing. If we have food, we have life. Without food, life does not continue. People who have worked to study food and how we can maintain a steady supply of it are food scientists. Each one of us is better off because of this knowledge. We are going to jump into discovering what kind of power this knowledge can give individuals.



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+TEA Copyright

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. These Materials are copyrighted © and trademarked (™) as the property of the Texas Education Agency (TEA) and may not be reproduced without the expressed written permission of TEA, except under the following conditions:

1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials and Related Materials for the districts’ and schools’ educational use without obtaining permission from TEA.

2) Residents of the state of Texas may reproduce and use copies of the Materials and Related Materials for individual personal use only, without obtaining written permission of TEA.

3) Any portion reproduced must be reproduced in its entirety and remain unedited, unaltered, and unchanged in any way.

4) No monetary charge can be made for the reproduced materials or any document containing them; however, a reasonable charge to cover only the cost of reproduction and distribution may be charged.

Private entities or persons located in Texas that are not Texas public school districts, Texas Education Service Centers, or Texas charter schools or any entity, whether public or private, educational or non-educational, located outside the state of Texas MUST obtain written approval from TEA and will be required to enter into a license agreement that may involve the payment of a licensing fee or a royalty.

For information contact: Office of Copyrights, Trademarks, License Agreements, and Royalties, Texas Education Agency, 1701 N. Congress Ave., Austin, TX 78701-1494; phone 512-463-7004; email: [email protected].

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

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+Is this just a brown paper

bag?


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What are some common uses for brown paper bags, like the one on your desk? (allow time for student responses). It may surprise you to learn that brown paper bags can also be used to demonstrate principles of food science. Currently, the fruit inside your bag is releasing ethylene gas, and the bag traps these gases inside. Once trapped, these gases help ripen the fruit faster. The opposite occurs when you place fruit in the refrigerator. Cool temperatures slow down the production of ethylene gas, causing fruit to ripen more slowly. The study of science has allowed us to know that ethylene gas is given off by a fruit and that this gas allows it to ripen. This is just one of many processes in nature that have been observed and studied by scientists. Also, this reminds us that everything we do involves chemicals. We are chemicals. The foods we eat are chemicals. Studying the chemicals needed by our body and the chemicals in food is the focus of study in food science. Now you know that a brown paper bag is not just used for packing your lunch—it is a tool used in food science as well!



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+Why Study Food Science?

Individual

advantages

Improve the world

Protect the environment


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There are three main reasons to study food science. We are going to look at each one of these areas separately, but think about each of these phrases and questions. Individual advantages—How does food science benefit individual people? Improving the world—How can food science benefit the world? Can the food supply be increased? Protect the environment—How can food science benefit the protection of the environment? Think about these.



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+Individual Advantages

Securing a Healthy Future Knowing the facts about food can lead to a

healthier lifestyle

Understanding Safe Food Identify good food safety habits

Food Science Application Comprehend food science concepts relating to food

production


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By studying food science, you gain necessary knowledge to help you make better food choices in your diet. What is it that makes our bodies healthy? Specific nutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, and iron are needed for the body to function normally. These three are all minerals and inorganic chemicals. Likewise, there are organic chemicals that are needed such as vitamins C, A, and E. These each have the element carbon in them, which makes them organic chemicals. A food scientist becomes very familiar with what chemicals are in the body and what foods provide chemicals that are needed. You can also learn how to keep foods safe. Food safety is based on the study of microorganisms. A microbiologist studies living cells that cannot be seen with the naked eye. Some microorganisms can be beneficial to us, and some can be very harmful. Knowing pH levels, temperatures, water activity, and cell growth rates are all involved in having food protected from harmful microorganisms. Food science also gives you a sense of confidence in the kitchen. You will learn about the gelatinization of starches, the coagulation of proteins, and the emulsification of fats. These concepts are key understandings in producing high-quality foods. With the knowledge you will gain about food, you will feel confident in trying new recipes and exploring your hidden talents in the kitchen.



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+Lab: Comparing Food Labels

Time: 15-20 Minutes

Objective: Students will compare nutrition fact panels found on food labels.

Materials:

Food labels

Handout: Comparing Food Labels

Directions: Use the food labels to completely fill in the handout.Use your observations to answer the“Analyzing Results” questions.


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You will be given two different food labels. Your task is to read the labels and fill in the worksheet that you’ve been given. Transfer the required information from each of the two labels. Then look at this information and compare the products. What have you learned? Are the two products identical? If not, how are they different? To complete the analysis, you must ask yourself which is “healthier”? This is a term used loosely when it comes to life in general. What is your standard for choosing a healthy food? What makes a food healthy? Your use of this term is integrated into interpreting whether the food label helps you understand what a healthy food is. Think about this as you analyze the results!



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+Improve the World

Hunger Using biotechnology to make better use of our food sources and to

decrease the number of people suffering from hunger

Genetic Engineering Improving a variety of plants and animals by altering genetic traits

Community Health Food scientists work to ensure food safety and nutritional content.

Effects on Families Providing healthy foods for busy families


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Studying food science helps us influence and improve many worldwide situations. Food scientists work every day to help reduce world hunger. They do this through biotechnology research and by teaching communities to make better use of their available resources. Food scientists work with other professionals in agriculture and nutrition. The solution to this problem requires work from all the sciences, as well as planners of government services to meet the demands of feeding the world. Biodiversity creates new plants and animals with desirable traits. This keeps the world from relying on only a few sources for our food supply. Plants can be genetically modified to use less water or to be resistant to pests. Also, teaching people how to grow their own crops and raise livestock can individually work to reduce hunger. By studying the science of food, scientists are able to provide food items to the public that are healthy and safe for consumption. Storage of food and food distribution are key issues that must be addressed to get food to places where there is not enough food. Lastly, food scientists and food technologists have developed food products that are quicker and easier to prepare. These items are known as convenience foods, and they are very helpful to busy families. However, you have to ask, “Are they the best nutritionally for families?” This question is being answered by food scientists and registered dietitians all over the United States.



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+Protect the Environment

Things to think about: reducing waste, using less

energy, producing new packaging, creating hardier

plants that require less water and chemicals

Sustainable farming: producing food by methods that

preserve the structure of the soil and reduce erosion

Example: growing plants that require less water

Integrated pest management: controlling pests

with plant modifications to be pest resistant

Example: Farmers use helpful insects that will keep

harmful insects away from crops


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Food scientists conduct research to help us protect and preserve our environment. Two commonly used environmentally safe techniques are sustainable farming and integrated pest management. Integrated pest management controls pests with nonchemical deterrents. Farmers use helpful insects that will keep harmful insects away from crops or control pests with plant modifications to be pest resistant. Research has shown that planting foods that are acclimated to an area grow more efficiently than those that are not. Research has shown which crops require the most water and nutrients (fertilizers) and those that require the least. This is what research can do. Traditional plants may or may not be the most efficient as far as water use is concerned. Farmers look for techniques that require less plowing, less pesticide use, and less use of fossil fuels. Farmers read research that gives techniques for soil preservation and reduced soil erosion. Food scientists and farmers work together to get the most food produced on the least amount of land.



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+Video: Food Science at WSU

Taste tomorrow. Everybody has to eat. And

that means that there are more jobs for

food scientists than there are graduates

with a food science degree. A Washington

State University alumnus with a food

science degree explains the duties of a

food scientist.

<http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_i

d=77226&title =Food_Science_at_WSU >


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Now that you know why people study food science, do you see yourself as a food scientist? Being able to say you are helping to feed the world would be a wonderful way to use your life. It is important to find out where you can study food science once you graduate high school and pursue a college degree. Watch the video clip of an alumna from Washington State University as she discusses her degree and career options.



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+Assignment: Where to

Study Food Science?1. Use the Internet to research three higher education

schools that offer a degree in food science.

Recommended website: www.ift.org

2. Use the assignment handout “Where to Study Food

Science?” to gather the necessary information from the

schools’ websites.

3. Create a presentation of one of the school’s food science

degree program.

4. Write a professional letter to the school’s food science

department requesting brochures and additional

information about the program. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

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Now it is time for you to get serious about the potential study of food science. Let’s imagine you are looking for the best university program that would allow you to get a degree in food science. Because colleges and universities have such good websites, you can find a great deal of information about the study of food science at the collegiate level. Identify three universities with a major in food science. What would you have to study? Use the handout, “Where to Study Food Science?” to have a checklist of questions to ask as you investigate. Complete the questions on the handout. Now that you have the knowledge, which, as you may remember can be called power, draw conclusions about what you think is the best program. Why do you think this? Reflect this in a poster board presentation on one of the school’s programs. To complete this assignment, write a professional quality letter to the dean of the school you have chosen asking for specific information to be sent to you. Tell why you are interested in the information. Make sure this is information that is not available on the website. Both the poster presentation and professional letter will be graded using a rubric. I will give you a copy of the grading rubric and you should use it as you prepare materials. The benefit of this activity is to see what is required of someone getting a degree in this field and to discover information that is not provided by the university website.



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+Day 1 – Journal Entry

Food Science can help solve

global issues by…


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Complete this sentence: Food science can help solve global issues by…. We will pause here and talk about this a little before you make an entry. Think about your answer. We will go around the class. Each of you will state your answer. Listen to classmates. They may mention something you had not thought of. When all have shared, I will give you time to write your answer. Underline your part of the sentence that expresses your original idea. This should leave part of the statement unmarked, highlighting what you learned from others.



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+Day 1 – 90 Second Speech

Topic

How does population growth

affect our food supply?


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Ponder this a moment. Just how fast is the population growing? In the United States? In other countries? What is affecting our ability to produce food? Is there as much farmland available today as there was before? What causes there to be less farmland? What does the future hold? Think about these things. Then be prepared to stand and give your 90-second speech.



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Food Science promotes

environmental protection

through…


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Do you think the environment needs protecting? In what ways do soil, air, and water need protecting? If you were a food scientist, what would you do to be involved in environmental protection? Think about these questions as you make journal entries.



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Topic

How can the knowledge you

gain in food science improve

your health?


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Here we are back to the term health. Define the term health. What components are involved in health? We inherit genetic makeup, which some researchers say will be very important in the future definition of health. Our genetic makeup may determine how one person uses a nutrient while another person has a different use of the nutrient. Understanding how food science can impact health is a complicated issue. Think about these things as you prepare your 90-second speech.



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I can better manage my health

using food science principles

by…


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Have you defined health? What components are there, and which ones are affected by your understanding of food science? What are food science principles? Principles are statements of truth that generalize the study of food science. For example, one principle would be that nutrient-dense foods allow the highest intake of nutrients needed for a healthy body. What other principles can you think of? Think about fresh foods of all kinds and what they can provide the body. How can the food scientist be involved in getting these foods to consumers?



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+Day 3 – 90 Second

Speech Topic

Discuss sustainable farming

and how it has impacted

agriculture around the world.


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For your 90 second speech, discuss sustainable farming and how it has impacted agriculture around the world.



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One thing I have learned from

this lesson that I can apply to

my eating habits is…


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For your journal entry, write one thing I have learned from this lesson that I can apply to my eating habits is…



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Topic

How has food science

improved public safety?


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Now we are taking one broad step toward making the application of food science to the greater good of the whole population or the public. Broadly, food scientists and other researchers and scientists who investigate how we can have the freshest, most nutritious foods are involved in improving public safety. We can be safe because we have protection from harm. Food can provide nutrients to make our immune systems protect us from infections. We can also watch out for microorganisms that make food harmful to us. What statement will you make about food science and public safety?



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+References/Resources

Mehas, Kay Yockey & Rodgers, Sharon Lesley. (2002). Food Science: The

Biochemistry of Food and Nutrition. Fourth. New York, NY: Glencoe McGraw-

Hill, pp. 35-45. Print.

Food Science at WSU

Source: TeacherTube.com

Running Time: 3:24 minutes

Release Date: January 30, 2009

Taste tomorrow. Everybody has to eat. And that means that there are more

jobs for Food Scientists than there are graduates with food science degrees.

A WSU alumnus with a food science degree explains the duties of a food

scientist.

http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=77226&title

=Food_Science_at_WSU

Approved Undergraduate Programs (Food Science)

The Institute of Food Technology

http://www.ift.org/knowledge-center/


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+References/Resources Cont.

Food Scientist QuotationsBringing over 18,000 quotes to you everydaywww.Proverbia.nethttp://en.proverbia.net/citastema.asp?tematica=482

Quote World-Famous Food QuotesOver 15,000 quotations and famous quoteswww.QuoteWorld.org

http://www.quoteworld.org/quotes/10318http://www.quoteworld.org/quotes/5122http://www.quoteworld.org/quotes/4117

Microsoft Office Clip Art images: Used with permission from Microsoft.


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