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Geoscience Bulletin Board – 22 April 2019 – compiled by Elaine J. Hanford

Perspective: Geology is basic to life – function follows form https://www.postregister.com/outdoors/geology-is-basic-to-life/article_2cff57f6-b76e-5390-

849e-b6709db8d747.html

Mercury found in rocks around the world suggests volcanic eruptions caused “Great Dying” 252 myo

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-04/uoc-nes041519.php

Increasing seismic activity & ground deformation on Mauna Loa in Hawaii being monitored https://apnews.com/030ec4d039184655b8a303d1bb81bed8

Flüela Wisshorn – large rockslide in the Swiss Alps on 18 March 2019 https://blogs.agu.org/landslideblog/2019/04/15/wisshorn-1/

Teanaway River in Central Washington shows human logging caused bedrock erosion https://phys.org/news/2019-04-historic-site-human-caused-bedrock-erosion.html

Rock fall on Fox Glacier caught on film https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/new-zealand/2019/04/it-was-massive-man-reacts-to-

rockfall-at-franz-josef.html

Hydrographic & geophysical surveys in Celtic Sea & Atlantic Ocean in 2019 https://afloat.ie/marine-environment/marine-science/item/42272-hydrographic-geophysical-

surveys-in-celtic-sea-atlantic-ocean-during-2019

Marine notice: http://www.dttas.ie/sites/default/files/08%20of%202019%20INFOMAR%20Hydrographic%20and%20geophysical%20survey.pdf

Movie Review: “We Believe in Dinosaurs” attempting to debunk evolution https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/we-believe-dinosaurs-review-1201432

North Atlantic warming hole (HAWH) affects jet stream in climate simulations https://phys.org/news/2019-04-north-atlantic-hole-impacts-jet.html

Group of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria found in microbial samples from the Mariana Trench http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Oil-

eating_bacteria_found_at_the_bottom_of_the_ocean_999.html

NASA says El Niño conditions are now fully developed across the Pacific Ocean http://www.terradaily.com/reports/

NASA_Sees_El_Nino_Conditions_Prevail_in_the_Central_Pacific_Ocean_999.html

Planetary geology: Evidence of solid inner core on Mercury https://eos.org/scientific-press/scientists-find-evidence-mercury-has-a-solid-inner-core

Airborne magnetic survey maps out of date & inadequate to assess critical mineral resources https://eos.org/project-updates/finding-the-gaps-in-americas-magnetic-maps

13 extreme things about planet Earth https://www.treehugger.com/natural-sciences/13-wild-things-know-about-planet-earth.html

Salinity cycles the Lower Colorado River are result of precipitation patterns in the headwaters region

https://www.usgs.gov/news/salinity-cycles-lower-colorado-river-caused-precipitation-patterns- upper-basin

Analysis of 400-meter core in the Dead Sea improves understanding of microbial survival – the science of geomicrobiology

http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/ Necrophagy_A_means_of_survival_in_the_Dead_Sea_999.html

Gulf of Mexico time scale developed from microfossils and biostratigraphic repetitive analysis https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190417102742.htm

Lessons learned from drift analysis of the debris from flight MH370 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190417102731.htm

Horses have evolved over time to optimize endurance travel – one toe is better than three https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190417102731.htm

Coelacanth skull evolution https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190417132756.htm

Why does lightning often strike twice?

https://phys.org/news/2019-04-lightning-reveals-needle-like-positively-leaders.html

Toward improved understanding of the movement & storage of carbon in the ocean https://phys.org/news/2019-04-solution-riddle-ocean-carbon-storage.html

Vast amounts of plastic rubbish enter the Indian Ocean – and then what? https://phys.org/news/2019-04-plastic-rubbish-indian-ocean.html

Ocean plastic has increased dramatically in the north Atlantic Ocean https://phys.org/news/2019-04-sea-sick-plastic-garbage-north.html Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-09506-1

What the gravitational field of Earth reveals about climate https://phys.org/news/2019-04-earth-gravity-reveals-climate.html

NASA says surface air temperatures consistent with AIRS measurements from 2003 to 2017 https://phys.org/news/2019-04-nasa-global-trends.html Paper: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aafd4e/meta

Can the US tap into 264 billion barrels in untapped oil reserves? https://www.technology.org/2019/04/17/researchers-believe-they-can-access-a-100-year-

supply-of-natural-gas/

New type of monazite identified at pair of ancient meteorite impact sites https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2019/04/17/Scientists-find-the-ghost-of-a-new-mineral/

9701555506641/

What is Cave Popcorn? https://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/geology/what-is-cave-

popcorn.htm#mkcpgn=rssnws1

Solitary tsunami-style wave clusters move in harmony with and through each other https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190417130005.htm

Earthquakes continue to shake the Panhandle of Florida and southern Alabama – question is why? https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/environment/article229337059.html

North Magnetic Pole is moving from Canada to Siberian territory https://www.macleans.ca/society/science/say-goodbye-canada-the-north-pole-is-moving-to-

russia/

Skysat images of Hindalco tailings failure https://blogs.agu.org/landslideblog/2019/04/16/hindalco-tailings-failure-2/

Improved understanding of the role of silicate weathering in the carbon cycle https://phys.org/news/2019-04-earth-climate-tracer-weathering-intensity.html

After nearly 40 years since the eruption of Mount St Helens, North Fork Toutle River has recovered https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01227-1

Glaciology (glacial geology) could once again become an exciting field https://calgaryherald.com/entertainment/the-study-of-glaciers-was-once-an-exciting-field-and-

could-be-again-but-for-all-the-wrong-reasons/wcm/fec710cc-106f-4f01-8808-86301b7401e8

Recognizing the geological importance of the Walker Lane fault zone along US 395 through Nevada https://www.wired.com/story/walker-lane-move-over-san-andreas-fault/

New study adds nearly 2M EQs to catalogue of total seismic events in Southern California https://www.theweek.co.uk/100839/fukushima-nuclear-cleanup-why-has-it-taken-so-long https://www.sciencenews.org/article/more-million-tiny-earthquakes-revealed-southern-

california

Past extinction events lend insight to modern extinctions https://natureecoevocommunity.nature.com/users/87830-tiago-r-simoes/posts/48112-

lessons-from-the-deep-past

Searching for “missing mass” to explain weak gravitational potential in middle of Indian Ocean https://eos.org/project-updates/seismologists-search-for-the-indian-oceans-missing-mass

Video of biggest-ever movement of Taipei 101 damper in response to M6.1 EQ – moved 20 cm https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3683775

Machine learning techniques for geothermal exploration https://news.psu.edu/story/570047/2019/04/18/research/theory-meets-application-machine-

learning-techniques-geothermal

Multi-disciplinary study of Green River Formation to understand Earth and climate https://news.nau.edu/geology-climate-report/#.XLoZW3dFyUk

Hypothesis: the Anthropocene began (maybe) in 1950 https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/04/great-debate-over-when-anthropocene-

started/587194/

Environmental Science Bulletin Board – 22 April 2019 – compiled by Elaine J. Hanford

NASA invites “Picture Earth” for Earth Day http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/

NASA_Invites_You_to_Picture_Earth_for_Earth_Day_999.html https://www.nasa.gov/earth/picture-earth-for-earth-day-2019 Earth Book 2019:

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/ContentFeature/earth-book-2019/downloads/249517_EARTH%20BOOK-TAGGED.pdf

Medieval cathedrals can resist earthquakes but not fire https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidbressan/2019/04/16/why-medieval-cathedrals-can-resist-

earthquakes-but-not-fire/#7bf792b36f3c

Ebola vaccine is 97.5% effective as outbreak in Democratic Republic of the Congo continues https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/04/ebola-vaccine-is-97-5-effective-early-outbreak-data-

suggests/

Measles can cause serious & life-threatening complications – outbreaks continue across the world https://www.huffpost.com/entry/israel-flight-attendant-measles-

outbreak_n_5cb760a3e4b09dc528ccf851 https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/04/anti-vaxxers-keep-dragging-health-officials-to-court-

as-us-measles-cases-soar/ https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/health-news/patient-zero-of-michigan-measles-outbreak-

thought-he-was-immune-doctor/ar-BBW2Umh

Measles epidemic continues in Madagascar – 115,000+ cases & 1,200+ deaths https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/madagascar-measles-epidemic-kills-more-than-

1200-people/ar-BBVVkYl

What happens when resources are depleted? https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/2019/03/china-resources-cities-must-diversify/ https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2014/04/Coal/

CRS Insight: National Flood Insurance Program, Reinsurance & Catastrophe Bonds https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IN/IN10965

Health effects of flooding are long-lasting – prayers & perseverance for livestock in Nebraska https://www.tsln.com/news/prayers-and-perseverance-nebraska-vet-says-worst-of-livestock-

health-effects-still-to-come/

USDOT directing $25M for emergency flood relief for road repairs in Nebraska https://www.ttnews.com/articles/dot-announces-25-million-flood-ravaged-nebraska

Los Angeles County, California, believes the myth: first draft “comprehensive sustainability plan” https://www.bdcnetwork.com/la-county’s-first-sustainability-plan-tackles-carbon-air-quality-

transportation-resilience Plan: https://ourcountyla.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/ourcounty_discussion_draft_.pdf

Removal of fuel from pool has begun at melted Fukushima reactor https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/removal-of-fuel-in-pool-at-fukushimas-melted-

reactor-begins/ar-BBVW7UR Video: https://www.newsy.com/stories/tepco-resumes-removing-fuel-rods-at-fukushima-

power-plant/

First global assessment of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions from plastics https://phys.org/news/2019-04-global-life-greenhouse-gas-emissions.html

Plant immune systems help defend them against pathogens http://www.terradaily.com/reports/How_plants_defend_themselves_999.html

California loosely suggests local government “de-emphasize” building in very high wild fire risk areas – won’t issue ban & should rebuild Paradise

https://www.apnews.com/b17b5c9200a64466b49f3f605f9202fe

Looking toward engineering techniques to make Pacific NW residents safer during Cascadia EQ https://www.ktvz.com/news/osu-led-indonesia-quake-study-could-make-nw-more-safe/

1069229985 GEER Report:

http://www.geerassociation.org/administrator/components/com_geer_reports/geerfiles/GEER_Palu_Version_1.pdf

Taiwan develops first rapid test kit for diagnosing African swine fever (AFS) http://focustaiwan.tw/news/ast/201904130018.aspx

Invasive Ward’s weed found in southern California – threat to native species as it spreads https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/invasive-plant-found-in-california-threatens-to-spread-

across-southwest/ar-BBW0mKO

Plans for largest Concentrating Solar power (CSP) project in Nevada withdrawn https://renewablesnow.com/news/solarreserve-ditches-2-gw-csp-project-in-nevada-report-

651010/ https://news.bloombergenvironment.com/environment-and-energy/solarreserve-withdraws-

solar-power-tower-project

“Cease and desist” construction of Purple Line light rail that endangers 66-inch water main https://wtop.com/prince-georges-county/2019/04/wssc-asks-purple-line-to-cease-and-desist-

construction-near-big-pipe/

Microplastics found in the air in the Pyrenees Mountains https://www.npr.org/2019/04/15/713561484/microplastic-found-even-in-the-air-in-frances-

pyrenees-mountains

“Our Planet” documentary addresses the 800-pound gorilla – human impact https://www.npr.org/2019/04/15/713585983/our-planet-nature-documentary-addresses-the-

800-pound-gorilla-human-impact

Weeds are adapting and surviving the latest weedkillers – running out of “easy options” https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/04/11/710229186/as-weeds-outsmart-the-latest-

weedkillers-farmers-are-running-out-of-options

Should you kiss a man with a beard or a dog? Dogs have fewer human-pathogenic microorganisms

https://www.huffpost.com/entry/beard-men-germier-dogs_n_5cb63c2fe4b082aab08db5d3

“Nude shopping” – the veggies not the people resulted in more sales of produce https://www.treehugger.com/plastic/nude-shopping-boosts-vegetable-and-fruit-sales-

drastically.html

“Attenborough Effect” resulted in 53% reduction in single-use plastic over one year https://www.treehugger.com/plastic/attenborough-effect-has-cut-single-use-plastic-use-53-

percent-last-year.html https://metro.co.uk/2019/04/11/attenborough-effect-leads-53-drop-single-use-plastic-12-

months-9156711/

Lake Erie Bill of Rights to “exist, flourish & naturally evolve” has angered farmers https://www.treehugger.com/clean-water/lake-eries-new-bill-rights-has-angered-ohio-

farmers.html https://www.nsf.gov/discoveries/disc_summ.jsp?cntn_id=298181&org=GEO&from=news

Perspective: new hub for the science of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) https://www.ehn.org/endocrine-disruptors-science-2634440711.html HEEDS website: https://heeds.org/

Perspective: Right-to-farm laws run counter to rural culture & property rights https://www.ehn.org/right-to-farm-laws-failing-rural-people-2634037860.html

Some fire ant colonies are ruled by multiple queens

http://www.terradaily.com/reports/ Some_fire_ant_colonies_are_ruled_by_multiple_queens_999.html

Policymakers need to be aware of a decade of research on the health impacts of fracking https://www.ehn.org/health-impacts-of-fracking-2634432607.html Report: http://oxfordre.com/publichealth/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190632366.001.0001/

acrefore-9780190632366-e-44

Pinpointing high- and low-yield fields leads to better use of fertilizer https://www.nsf.gov/discoveries/disc_summ.jsp?cntn_id=298288&org=GEO&from=news http://www.seeddaily.com/reports/

Solving_the_mystery_of_fertilizer_loss_from_Midwest_cropland_999.html

In China, farmers are deliberately raising cockroaches for medicinal purposes, as animal feed, to get rid of food waste – and for human consumption

http://www.seeddaily.com/reports/ Papa_roach_Chinese_farmer_breeds_bugs_for_the_table_999.html

What will the future hold for “ancient lakes” – will they survive? https://www.nsf.gov/discoveries/disc_summ.jsp?cntn_id=298267&org=GEO&from=news

USGS continues monitoring flooding in the Midwest https://www.usgs.gov/news/usgs-response-record-flooding-midwest-continues

Kangaroo rates use ninja-style kicks to escape snakes (videos) http://www.sci-news.com/biology/ninja-kangaroo-rats-07085.html

Role of inland waters in the global carbon cycle http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/

How_inland_waters_breathe_carbon_and_impact_global_systems_999.html

Evolution of species from water to land led to better parenting http://www.terradaily.com/reports/

Evolution_from_water_to_land_led_to_better_parenting_999.html

Are revisions to WOTUS an improvement? https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-epa-water/states-say-half-of-wetlands-would-lose-

protection-under-epa-proposal-idUSKCN1RS28V

California banned sale of commercially bred puppies, kittens and baby bunnies https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/ban-the-bunny-california-aims-to-end-post-easter-

parade-of-unwanted-rabbits/ar-BBW3LTq

Washington State Senate passes bill to remove “philosophical” exemption from measles vaccine https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/health-news/senate-approves-bill-limiting-measles-

vaccine-exemptions/ar-BBW3hx0

Candida auris is resistant to treatment & can be deadly

https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/health-news/deadly-germs-lost-cures-how-a-chicago- woman-fell-victim-to-candida-auris-a-drug-resistant-fungus/ar-BBW2wP4

Golan Heights is human-disputed territory – but that is no justification for killing wolves https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2019/04/golan-heights-peace-with-wolves/

Underground tunnel proposed as part of flooding solution for Cypress Creek watershed https://communityimpact.com/houston/cy-fair/environment/2019/04/17/underground-tunnel-

could-be-part-of-flooding-solution-for-cypress-creek/

Cedar Rapids, Iowa, learns lessons from past floods https://www.enr.com/articles/46722-cedar-rapids-learns-from-past-floods-to-protect-city

Tick population is increasing in Alaska – surveillance program ongoing since 2011 https://www.ktuu.com/content/news/Research-tracking-tick-increase-in-Alaska-

508623681.html

New Zealand national environmental snapshot report is sober reading http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PO1904/S00215/national-environmental-snapshot-sobering-

reading.htm Report: http://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/environmental-reporting/environment-aotearoa-

2019

$1M lawsuit filed after brain-eating amoeba allegedly contracted at Texas water park kills surfer https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/mom-files-dollar1-million-lawsuit-after-brain-eating-

amoeba-at-texas-water-park-kills-son/ar-BBW515j

The on-going saga of the Keystone XL pipeline https://www.apnews.com/d32b61aaeb294913936e7950264b5719

New York City council members introduce legislation to ban glyphosate herbicides & other toxic pesticide use in parks and other public spaces

https://www.ehn.org/monsantos-herbicide-defense-falling-on-deaf-ears-as-nyc-leaders-join- calls-for-ban-2634974362.html

Hurricane Michael upgraded to Category 5 when it hit Florida Panhandle in 2018 https://www.npr.org/2019/04/19/715134716/hurricane-michael-was-a-category-5-noaa-finds-

the-first-since-andrew-in-1992

CRISPR gene-editing technique human trials begin https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/04/16/712402435/first-u-s-patients-treated-

with-crispr-as-gene-editing-human-trials-get-underway

Poachers arrested & body parts from tigers & bears seized in Malaysia http://www.terradaily.com/reports/

Malaysia_arrests_Vietnam_poachers_seizes_tiger_bear_parts_999.html

Two students have been fined 27 million euro for letting barbecue start forest fire near Lake Como

http://www.terradaily.com/reports/ Two_students_fined_27_million_euro_for_Italy_forest_fire_999.html

GPS data reveal giant tortoises follow same migration routes to find optimal food quality & temperatures

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190418135047.htm

Assessing safety of chemical dispersants used in oil spill clean ups https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190415200244.htm

Coastal Zone Management Bulletin Board – 22 April 2019 – compiled by Elaine J. Hanford 11

North Carolina State Ports Authority to appeal denial to expand turning basin arguing economic benefit for larger ships supersedes environmental concerns

https://www.coastalreview.org/2019/03/dcm-denies-permit-for-port-project/ https://www.coastalreview.org/2019/04/ports-authority-set-to-appeal-permit-denial/

Perspective: coastal economy of Connecticut is worth preserving https://www.courant.com/opinion/op-ed/hc-op-kane-coastal-economy-0414-20190414-

3xuhid3bmfev5byslbkhr3zae4-story.html

Perfect wind conditions create pedestals at Cape Lookout National Seashore https://www.coastalreview.org/2019/04/sand-pedestals-spotted-at-cape-lookout/

“Wave Action on Coastal Structures” - theory & methods for alternative solutions to coastal erosion https://www.dredgingtoday.com/2019/04/15/wave-action-on-coastal-structures-in-dubai/

Considering renaming Port Hueneme Pier

https://www.keyt.com/news/ventura-county/city-weighing-changing-the-name-of-the-port- hueneme-pier/1069336441

Ecosystem Restoration Council approved Alabama $132M expenditure plan for Gulf Coast recovery https://www.alreporter.com/2019/04/15/gulf-coast-ecosystem-restoration-council-approves-

state-expenditure-plan-for-recovery/ AGCRC: https://www.restorealabama.org/

Private ownership is better than public ownership of rockweed for Maine fisheries https://bangordailynews.com/2019/04/15/opinion/contributors/private-ownership-of-

rockweed-is-better-for-maine-fisheries-than-public-ownership/

Couple sues for permit to rebuild Nags Head beach home destroyed by fire – located in Ocean Hazard Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)

https://www.wnct.com/news/local-news/couple-sues-for-permit-to-rebuild-burned-nags-head- beach-home/1921678921

CRC approved new Inlet Hazard Area (IHA) maps and proposed rule updates https://portcitydaily.com/local-news/2019/03/28/development-rules-near-inlets-have-been-

basically-the-same-since-1981-this-year-that-could-change/ IHA Boundary 2019 Update:

https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Coastal%20Management/GIS/2019_Inlet_Hazard_Area_Boundary_Update_20190212.pdf

Highlights of the 21st Conference of the North Carolina Water Research Institute https://www.coastalreview.org/2019/04/water-quality-researchers-highlight-studies/

Despite multi-$B costs & concerns for environmental impact, still considering project to build barriers to protect New York & New Jersey from hurricane superstorm surges

https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/environment/2019/04/16/plans-protect-nj-and-ny- another-hurricane-sandy-costly/3426934002/

Interim report: https://www.nan.usace.army.mil/Portals/37/docs/civilworks/projects/ny/coast/NYNJHAT/NYNJHAT%20Interim%20Report%20-%20Main%20Report%20Feb%202019.pdf?ver=2019-02-19-165223-023

Review: “Artifishal” documentary film explores murky world of salmon farms & hatcheries https://www.treehugger.com/conservation/artifishal-documentary-film-explores-murky-world-

salmon-hatcheries-and-aquaculture.html

Onagawa, Japan, was obliterated by 2011 Tohoku tsunami – outlaws sprawl as it rebuilds https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2019/apr/17/the-town-that-outlawed-sprawl-onagawa-

tsunami-rebuild

Meteo-tsunamis are hitting the East Coast – 548 of them between 196 & 2017 https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/national/article229322469.html Paper: https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0206.1

Building a “better” offshore wind turbine to withstand hurricanes https://phys.org/news/2019-04-turbine.html

Two new LNG export terminals in Texas & Louisiana receive FERC approval https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-lng-tellurian-sempra/u-s-ferc-approves-two-new-lng-

export-terminals-in-texas-and-louisiana-idUSKCN1RU1SG https://www.theadvocate.com/new_orleans/news/business/article_ebcb0e6e-61f7-11e9-

9ae6-2352963255bc.html https://www.beaumontenterprise.com/news/article/Feds-give-final-green-light-for-Port-Arthur-

LNG-13779486.php

Efforts to transform Isla María Madre prison island into nature reserve in Mexico https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01030-y