skin 1.structure (diagram) 2.functions 3.skin types 4.skin conditions 5.contraindications to facial...
TRANSCRIPT
Skin
1. Structure (diagram)
2. Functions
3. Skin types
4. Skin conditions
5. Contraindications to facial
6. Skin analysis
Skin layers
• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Subcutaneous layer (Hypodermis)
Layers of epidermis
• Stratum Corneum
• Stratum Lucidum
• Stratum Granulosum
• Stratum Spinosum
• Stratum Germinativum
Epidermis
Come
Lucy
Granny’s
Spinning
Germs
Epidermis• Stratum Germinativum• living, reproducing layer
• Stratum Spinosum• Cells change shape, become ’prickly’, still reproducing
• Stratum Granulosum• Cells harden, start to keratinize
• Stratum Lucidum• Clear layer, cells are dead
• Stratum Corneum• Cells are dead and scaly
Dermis
• Nerves
• Blood and lymph capillaries
• Arrector pili muscle
• Sweat glands
• Sebaceous glands
• Collagen fibres
• Elastin fibres
Hypodermis / Subcutaneous layer
• Contains fatty tissue
• Helps to keep the body warm
• Helps to protect deeper structures
Skin functions
• Sensation• Heat regulation• Absorption• Protection • Excretion • Secretion
SHAPES
Skin functions
• Sensory nerve endings react to stimuli such as hot, cold, touch, pain• Sensation• Surface blood vessels constrict or dilate• Heat regulation
• Some fatty substances penetrate into the skin• Absorption
• Anti bacterial action of sweat and sebum• Protection
• Waste substances are removed in sweat• Excretion• Sebum is secreted• Secretion
Skin types
• Oily skin
• Looks sallow and dull
• Open or large pores• Thick texture• Papules or pustules
present
Dry skin
• Matt appearance• Small pores• Prone to milia and
fine lines• Prone to broken
capillaries• May be flaky
Combination skin
• A combination of oily and dry characteristics
• Mainly oily across nose, forehead and chin
• Dry on cheeks
Skin conditions
• Sensitive• Seborrhoeic (extremely oily)• Comedones• Poor elasticity• Wrinkles• Uneven pigmentation• Broken capillaries• Dehydrated• Milia
Key things to look for in skin analysis
• Colour, glowing or dull• Texture, fine or coarse• Pore size, large or small• Tone, firm and elastic or sagging• Shiny?• Lines, fine or deep• Irregularities, scars or moles • Broken capillaries
Contraindications/restrictions
• Bruises
• Severe eczema or psoriasis
• Recent scar tissue
• Cuts and abrasions
• Hypersensitive skin
Skin disease
• Any abnormal condition of the skin
• All diseases can be attributed to causes , known or unknown that include heredity , environment, infection or diet
Skin infection
This is the invasion of the skin by microorganisms
• Bacteria
• Virus
• Fungus
Skin disorder
The disruption of normal skin function
• This may include conditions such as psoriasis whereby skin cells reproduce too quickly
Contraindications to facial
• Herpes simplex
(viral infection)
Herpes zoster
• Viral infection
Common wart
• Viral infection
Flat wart
• Viral infection
Contraindications
• Impetigo
(bacterial infection)
Boil (furuncle)
• Bacterial infection of a hair follicle
Carbuncle
• Bacterial infection of hair follicles
Pseudo folliculitis
Contraindications
• Conjunctivitis
(bacterial infection)
Contraindications
• Sty
(bacterial infection of lash follicle)
Contraindications
• Ringworm
(fungal infection)
Tinea corporis
Tinea capitis
Tinea versicolour
Contraindications
• Inflamed acne
Acne vulgaris
Acne rosacea
Contraindications
• Sun burn
Contraindication / restriction
• Skin tags
Contraindication
• Swollen lymph nodes
Scabies
• infestation
Hyper pigmentation/chloasma
Chloasma
Hypo pigmentation/vitiligo
Vitiligo
Freckles /ephilides
Lentigo
Albinism
Keloids
Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra(flesh moles)
Spider naevi
Capillary naevi/strawberry mark
Port wine stain
Eczema
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a skin condition that causes red, flaky, crusty patches of skin covered with silvery scales. The condition is not infectious.
Dermatitis
Allergic reaction
Allergic reaction
Thickened Stratum Corneum