skeleton system the skeletal system is broken into 2 categories axial skull ribs sternum vertebral...
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Skeletal System
Skeleton SystemThe skeletal system is broken into 2
categoriesAxial
SkullRibsSternumVertebral column
AppendicularUpper extremityLower extremity
SkullMade up 0f 22 bones8 bones fused together make the
craniumFrontalParietalTemporalOccipital
14 bones make up the faceMandibleMaxillaZygomaticNasal bones
Only joint that moves in the skull is the temporomandibular jointmandible forms a hinge with
temporal bone
RibsPurpose of the ribs are to protect the heart and lungsThere are 12 pairs of ribs
1-7: True ribs8-12: False ribs11-12: Floating ribs
SternumAlso called the “breastbone”Sometimes used as a painful stimulus3 parts
Manubrium Articulates with clavicle
Body Articulates with ribs 2-7
Xiphoid process Attachment for rectus abdominis Also a landmark for CPR
Vertebral ColumnSpinal Column or vertebral column stretches
from the base of skull to coccyxComposed of bones called vertebrae
Intervertebral disks separate body of each vertebrae
Vertebrae has ligaments in front and back to help keep column together
Each vertebrae has 3 partsBody Spinous ProcessVertebral foramen
Holds spinal cord
Sections of the Vertebral ColumnThere are 5 sections to the vertebral column
7 Cervical vertebrae Smallest vertebra
12 Thoracic vertebrae Articulate with the ribs
5 Lumbar vertebrae Supports most of the body’s weight
Sacrum Composed of 5 fused vertebrae
Coccyx Composed 4 fused bones Also called the “tail bone”
Shoulder GirdleConsists of 2 bones
Scapula Also called the shoulder blade Free floating bone between ribs 2 & 7 posteriorly
Clavicle Also called the collar bone Attaches to axial skeleton
ArmHumerus
Long bone located in the upper arm
Forearm (2 bones)Radius
Lateral long bone in the forearm
Ulna Medial long bone in
the forearm
Hand There are 27 bones that make
up the handCarpals
8 small bones that make up the wrist
Metacarpals 5 long bones that make up the
palm Named according to their
position in the hand Ex. 1st metacarpal is thumb, 5th
is little fingerPhalanges
14 bones that make up the fingers
Also called digits Each finger has 3 bones Each thumb has 2
Pelvic GirdleConsists of 3 bones
Attaches lower limb to axial skeleton
Transmits weight of upper body to lower limb
Supports pelvic bones3 main bones
Ilium Largest part of pelvic girdle
Ischium Located posteriorly Called “sit bones”
Pubis Located anteriorly Come together to form
pelvis
LegConsists of 4 bones
Femur Longest and strongest bone in
the body Built for stability, not flexibility
Patella Also called knee cap
Tibia Long bone on the medial
aspect of leg 90% weight bearing
Fibula Long bone on the lateral
aspect of leg 10% weight bearing
FootConsists of 26 bones
Tarsals 7 bones that make up
the ankleMetatarsals
5 long bones of the foot Name according to
their position in the footPhalanges
14 bones that make up phalanges
Each toe contains 3 Each toe contains 2