siva worldwaterdaypresent

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ePHg;ghtid 1.kdpj ghtid + Rfhjhuk; 2.tptrhak; 3.kpd; cw;gj;jp 4.Nghf;Ftuj;J 5.kPd;gpb 6.ifj;njhopy; 7.nghOJNghf;F

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Page 1: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

ePHg;ghtid

1. kdpj ghtid + Rfhjhuk; 2. tptrhak; 3. kpd; cw;gj;jp4. Nghf;Ftuj;J5. kPd;gpb6. ifj;njhopy;7. nghOJNghf;F

Page 2: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

cyfpd; nkhj;j ePHtsk;

1.36 x 108 kpy;.n`f;.kPw;.

97.2%

cg;G ePH

2.8%

ed;dPH

epy Nky; kl;l ePH

2.2%

epyj;jb ePH

0.6%

MW ciwgd

pgpw

0.01%

2.13

% 0.04%ngwf;$baJ

ngwKbahjJ

0.23% 0.33%

kdpjghtid0.26%

cyf ePH tsk;

Page 3: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

Nkw;gug;G ePHePiu• Fbg;gjw;F• cliyr; Rj;jpfupg;gjw;F• tptrhaj;ij Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F• kpd;rhu cw;gj;jpf;F• kfpo;r;rpahd tpisahl;LfSf;FNghd;w gy;NtW nraw;ghLfSf;Fg;

gad;gLj;Jfpd;Nwhk;.

kiotPo;r;rp ejpfs; fpzWfs; eP&w;Wf;fs;Mfpatw;wpypUe;J ePiug;

ngw;Wf;nfhs;Sfpd;Nwhk.;

Page 4: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

gpuNjrj;jpw;Fg; gpuNjrk; ePHngwg;gLk; khHf;fq;fs; NtWgLfpd;wd.

,tw;wpid

• kz;zpd; jd;ik• kz;zpd; tif• jiuj;Njhw;w mikg;G Nghd;w fhuzpfs; epHzapf;fpd;wd.

Page 5: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

•MWfs; caHe;j Nkw;gug;gpypUe;J jho;e;j gFjpfSf;$lhfr; nrd;W fliyr; nrd;wilahky; ePHj;Njf;fq;fSf;F jpir jpUg;Gtjd; %yk; ePH Nrfupf;fg;gLfpwJ.

•kiotPo;r;rpapdhy; tUk; ePu; ePNue;J gpuNjrq;fis mile;J Fsq;fs;, thtpfspy; Nrfupf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

Page 6: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

,t;thW Nrfupf;fg;gLk; ePH gy;NtW topfspy;

tpuakhfpwJ. 1.ePH ePHj;Njf;fq;fspd; gLf;iffspDhlhf

cl;Gfy;.• ePH epyj;jpw;$lhf cl;GftpLk; jd;ik

Fiwthf ,Ug;gjw;F Fsg;gLf;iffs; fspkz; tPjk; $Ljyhf cs;sitahf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

• kzy; kz; tPjk; $Ljyhf ,Ue;jhy; ePH cl;GftpLk; jd;ikAk; $Ljyhf ,Uf;Fk;.

• kuq;fspd; ,iyfs;, rUFfs; ePHg;gLf;iffspy; gbe;J ePH cl;GftpLk; jd;ikiaf; Fiwf;fpd;wd.

Page 7: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

2. Nkw;gug;G ePuhdJ epyNkw;gug;gpw;F

mz;ikapy; ,Ug;gjhy; ePH Mtpahjy;

%yk; $Ljyhf ,of;fg;gLfpwJ.

• nghpa kuq;fspdhy; Fsq;fSf;F epoy; nfhLg;gjd; %yKk;>

• fhw;wpd; <uypg;igf; $l;Ltjd; %yKk;>

Mtpahjypd; msitf; fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;.

Page 8: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

3.ePHkl;l NtWghL fhuzkhf ePHj;Njf;fq;fspypUe;J mizf;fl;bDhlhff; frpe;J (gf;f tbg;G) ntspNaWfpwJ.

• ,jw;F 30-35% fspkz; cs;s kz;iz cgNahfpj;J mizf;fl;Lfis fl;LtJ rpwe;jJ.

• ,t;thW fpilf;fg;ngwhtpbd; mizf;fl;bd; eLg;gFjpf;F fspkz; NrHj;J ,Wf;Ftjd; %yk; ePH frpe;J nry;Yk; msitf; fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;.

Page 9: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

• tTdpah,kd;dhH khtl;lq;fspy; Nkw;gug;G ePH tptrhaj;jpw;Nf $Ljyhfg; ghtpf;fg;gLfpwJ.

• new;gapHr;nra;if ngUk;Nghfk;,rpWNghfk; vd;W ,UKiw nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

• ngupa ePHg;ghrdf; Fsq;fspypUe;Jk; rpwpa ePHg;ghrdf; Fsq;fspypUe;Jk; tha;f;fhy;fspd; %yk; ePHtoq;fg;gLfpwJ.

• ,tw;wpy; mNefkhd jpl;lq;fspy; ePHj;jl;Lg;ghL fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

Page 10: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

,tw;wpw;fhd fhuzq;fs;:1.jpwe;j tha;f;fhy;fspDhlhf gapHr;nra;if epyq;fSf;F ePH nrd;wilAk; NghJ Vw;gLk; ePupog;Gfs;2.ePHg;ghrdf;Fsq;fspy; ePUl;GFjy;, mizf;fl;bDhlhf gf;ftbg;G Vw;gly;,ePH Mtpahjy;3.fpUkp ehrpdp, cuk; ghtpg;gjw;F Nkyjpf ePiug; ghtpj;jy;.4.gjpNtl;by; cs;s tp];jPuzj;jpYk; ghu;f;f mjpfsT nra;if gz;zg;gly;.5.ePiur; rpf;fdkhfg; ghtpg;gJ gw;wpa mwpTk; Mu;tKk; Fiwthf ,Uj;jy;.

Page 11: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

6. gioa Kiwg;gb tptrha eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;sy;.

7. tptrha cgfuzq;fs;;,ney; tq;fpf;fld; Kjypad tptrhapfSf;F cupa fhyj;jpy; fpilf;fhik.

ePupog;Gfs; Vw;gLk; re;ju;g;gq;fs; Nkw;gug;G

ePUf;F mjpfk; vd;gjhy; fhyNghfj;jpy;,ad;wsT Fiwe;jsT ePiug; ghtpj;J ePiur;Nrkpg;gjd; %yk; $basT rpWNghfk; nra;tjw;F ePHKfhikj;Jt eilKiwfisf;ifahs Ntz;Lk;.

Page 12: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

•,jid gapHr; nra;if njhlq;f Kd;dH jpl;lkply; Ntz;Lk;.•,t;thW jpl;lkpLk; NghJ

fpilf;ff; $ba tsq;fs; ePHg;ghrdj; jpl;lq;fspd; nraw;ghLfs; tptrhak; nra;if gz;zg;gLk; fhzpapd; tp];jPuzk; fle;j fhy mDgtq;fs; tptrhapfspd; r%fg; nghUshjhu epiyikfs;

Mfpad fUj;jpw; nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;.NkYk;•ngUk; Nghfj;ij jpl;lkpl;lgb Fwpj;j fhyj;jpy; Muk;gpj;jy;.•gapH nra; jiuia ,aYkhd tiu rkg;gLj;jy;.•tha;f;fhy;fis Jg;guthf itj;jpUj;jy;.•ePsk; $ba tha;f;fhy;fspy; gapHr;nra;ifia jtpHj;jy;.

Page 13: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

• gapupd; ntt;NtW tsHr;rpg; gUtq;fisf; fUj;jpw; nfhz;L mjw;Nfw;g ePiug; gha;r;Rjy;. • rpW Nghfj;jpy; ney; tay;fSf;F mUfhikapy;

cs;s tha;f;fhy;fspypUe;J tUk; frpT ePiug;

gad;gLj;jp rpW jhdpaq;fis cw;gj;jp nra;jy;. • ePHg;ghrd Kfhikj;Jtj;jpy; ePHg;ghrdj; jpizf;fsq;fs;>tptrha jpizf;fsq;fs;> fkj;njhopw; jpizf;fsq;fs; Mfpad gq;fhw;Wfpd;wd.•,it vy;yhtw;iwAk;tpl ePH Kfhikj;Jtj;ijr; rpwg;ghf eilKiwg;gLj;jypy; ngUk; gq;fspg;G tptrhapfisr; NrHe;jJ.

Page 14: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

ePHg;ghrd jpl;lnkhd;wpd; gpujhd ghfq;fs;

ePuhdJ fpilf;fg; ngWk; topfs;; :-•kio•Fsq;fs;•Mo;fpzW•eP&w;Wf;fs;

ePHj;Njf;f jpl;lq;fspd; Nehf;fq;fs; :-•ePHg;ghrdk;•FbePH trjp,tPl;Lg; ghtid•kpd;rhu cw;gj;jp•nts;sg; ngUf;iff; fl;Lg;gLj;jy;•ed;dPH kPd;tsHg;G

Page 15: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

ePHj;Njf;fq;fSf;F ePuhdJ fpilf;fg;ngWk; topfs;

•kio %yk; Neubahf•kio %yk ePNue;J gpuNjrq;fis te;jilAk; ePH %yk;•MWfSf;F FWf;Nf mizf;fl;ilf; fl;b ePHj;Njf;fq;fSf;F jpir jpUg;Gtjd; %yk;

1.rpwpa ePHg;ghrdj; jpl;lq;fs;: 200 Vf;fH tiu2.eLj;ju ePHg;ghrdj; jpl;lq;fs;: 200-1500 Vf;fH3.ngupa ePHg;ghrdj; jpl;lq;fs;: 1500 Vf;fUf;F Nky;

Page 16: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

Fsj;jpd; FWf;Fntl;L Kfk;

1

2

4

3

56

1. Fsj;jpd; Mff;Fiwe;j nfhs;ssT. (DEAD STORAGE)2. ePupid gad;ghl;Lf;F toq;ff;$ba Mff; Fiwe;j kl;lk.; (MINIMUM POOL LEVEL)3. ePupid gad;ghl;Lf;F toq;ff;$ba Mff; $ba kl;lk;.

(MAXIMUM POOI LEVEL)4. toq;fg;glf; $ba ePupd; Mff; $ba nfhs;ssT.

(ACTIVE STORAGE)5. ePupd; Mff; $ba nts;s kl;lk;.

(HFL)6. mizf;fl;bd; cr;rp kl;lk;.

(BTL)

Page 17: Siva worldwaterdaypresent
Page 18: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

• SLUICE• SPILL

SPILL CREST

SLOPING APRON STILLING BASIN• fhy;tha;fs;

1.gpujhd fhy;tha;fs; (MAIN CANALS)

2.fpisf; fhy;tha;fs; (BRANCH CANALS)

3.gfpUk; fhy;tha;fs; (DISTRIBUTING CANALS)

4.tptrha fhy;tha;fs; (FIELD CANALS)

Page 19: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

ePiur; rpwe;j Kiwapy; toq;f ePHg;ghrdf; fl;Lkhdq;fs; (IRRIGATION STRUCTURES) mikf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

• TURN OUT,OFF TAKES

• REGULATORS

• CULVERTS AND DRANAGE UNDER CROSSING

MEASURING DEVICES (msf;Fk; fUtpfs;;)

• PARTIAL FLUME

• BROAD CRESTED WEIR

Page 20: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

ePh; Ve;J gpuNjrk;

MW

ePh; nfhs;Sk; gpuNjrk;

ePHg;gha;r;rw;

gpuNjrk;

ePh;g;ghrd tha;f;fhy;;

Page 21: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

Rw;whly; khriljYk; ePHg;ghrdj; jpl;lq;fSk;

01. jpl;lj;jpd; ePNue;J gpuNjrk;a. ePNue;J gpuNjrj;jpy; rpWrpW jpl;lq;fis

ePHg;ghrdj; jpizf;fsj;jpd; mDkjpapd;wp eilKiwg;gLj;jy;. b. ePNue;J gpuNjrj;jpy; Nrid kw;Wk;

gapHr;nra;iffis mjpfupj;jYk; fhLfis mopj;jYk;.

02. Fsj;jpd; ePHgpbf;Fk; gpuNjrk;

a. ePHgpbf;Fk; gpuNjrj;jpy; Kaw;rpfis Nkw;nfhs;Sjy;

b. Fsj;Jf;nfd xJf;fg;gl;l xJf;fPl;L epyj;jpy; Kaw;rpfs; Nkw;nfhs;Sjy;.

Page 22: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

03. ePHtoq;fYk; kw;Wk; tbfhy; tha;f;fhy;fSk;

a. ePHtoq;fy; tha;f;fhy;fspd; xJf;fPl;Lg; gpuNjrj;jpy; gapH

nra;jy;.

b. tbfhy;tha;f;fhy;is eputp mtw;wpy; gapH nra;jy;.

04. Fsj;jpy; gad; ngWk; fhzpfs;

a. xJf;fPl;L kw;Wk; Nkl;L epyj;jpy; gapHnra;jy;.

b. xJf;fPl;L kw;Wk; jho; Nkl;L epyq;fl;F jw;fhypf mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; toq;Fjy;.

Page 23: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

05. ,tw;iwj; jPHg;gjw;fhd MNyhridfs;.a. ePNue;J gpuNjrq;fspy; Kaw;rpfisf; fl;Lg;gLj;jy;> Gjpa ePHg;ghrdj; jpl;lq;fisNah> gioa ePHg;ghrdj; jpl;lq;fis tpupTgLj;jiyNah ,g;gFjpapy; jLj;jy;.

b. ePH gpbf;Fk; gpuNjrq;fspy; Kaw;rpfis fl;Lg;gLj;jy;.

c. xJf;fPl;L epyq;fis gpwH cupik nfhz;lhLjiyNah> my;yJ cj;juTg;gj;jpuk; toq;FjiyNah jLj;jy;.

d. ,tw;wpy; <LgLk; tptrhapfspy; eltbf;if vLj;jy;.

e. jpl;lq;fspy; jw;fhypf mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; toq;FKd; ePHg;ghrdg; nghwpapayhsupd; rk;kjj;ijg; ngwy;.

f. vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; Nkyhf ntspf;fs cj;jpNahfj;jHfs; mur epyq;fis tptrhapfs; ifafg;gLj;j ,lk;nfhlhJ tpopg;ghf ,Uj;jy;.

Page 24: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

ePHg;ghrdj;jpl;lk;(1)rpwpa ePHg;ghrdj;jpl;lk; < 200 ACS(2)ngupa ePHg;ghrdj;jpl;lk; > 200 ACS

(a) PROVINCIAL SCHEME(b) INTER PROVINCIAL SCHEME

(a) PROVINCIAL COUNCIL(b) CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

ngupa ePHg;ghrdj; jpl;lk;

1] eLj;ju (Medium) 2] ngupa (Major) 200 1500 Vf;fH 1500 Vf;fupw;F Nky;

Fwpg;G :- 1990 ,y; mikr;rH fhkpdp jprhehaf;fhtpd; jdpg;gl;l rpghuprpy;

1000Vf;fupw;F Fiwe;j vy;yhj;jpl;lq;fSk; khfhzrigf;Ff;

ifaspf;fg;gl;lJ ,J gpw;fhyj;jpy; kPsg;ngwg;gl;lJ.

Page 25: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

1856 – PADY LAND IRRIGATION ORDINANCE (a) RULES(b) GAN SABBAS –OFFICERS & FARMER

REPRESENTATIVE(c) VEL VIDANE

1876 – VILLAGE COUNCIL

1887 – FORMATION OF P.W.D

1900 – FORMATION OF ID

1956 – IRRIGATION ORDINANCE

1958 – PADY LAND ACT(1) SECURITY TO TENNENT CULTIVATION(2) ESTABILISHMENT OF CULTIVATION COMMITTEE (NO VEL VIDANE SYSTEM)

DIRECT IMPACT ON ALL MAJOR IRRIGATION SCHEMESAND LAND SETTLEMENT SCHEMES. BOTH IRRIGATION ORDINANCE AND PADY LAND ACT CONTRADICT IN MAIN ASPECTS.

Page 26: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

1968 – IRRIGATION ORDINANCEPOWER TO CULTIVATION COMMITTEE

1970 – AGRICULTURAL MODIFICATION LAW BY THIS CULTIVATIONCOMMITTEE GET THE POWER THIS CONTRADICT 1968 IRRIGATION ORDINANCE.

1979 – AGRARTION SERVICE ACT ABOLISHMEN OF PRODUCTION COMMITTEE AND

FORMATION OF CULTIVATION COMMITTEEPOST OF CULTIVATION OFFICER

1988 –

1988 – AGRARIAN SERVICE AMMENDMENT ACTFARMER ORGANISATION

1994 – AMMENDED IRRIGATION ORDINANCE.

Page 27: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

HIGHLIGHTS OF IRRIGATION AMENDMENTS OF JUNE 1994

1.SUBSTITUTION FOR “CULTIVATION COMMITTEE” THE EXPRESSION OF “FARMERS ORGANIZATION”

2.THE EXEMPTION OF PAYMENT ON IRRIGATION RATE IN RESPECT OF INTER PROVINCIAL IRRIGATION SCHEMES.

WHERE FO’S HAS TAKEN OVER THE O & M OF WHOLE OR PART OF DISTRIBUTORY

CANALS

3.FO’S THAT HAS TAKEN OVER O & M OF “D” CANALS CAN IMPOSE AND RECOVER A LEVY.

4. PROVIDES FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT COMMITTEES AND SUB PROJECT MANAGEMENT COMMITTEES.

Page 28: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

5. FO COMPOSITION IN P M C SHOULD BE NOT LESS THAN FIFTY PER CENT OF TOTAL MEMBERSHIP THE OFFICALS WILL BE REPRESENTATIVE FROM.

- D I- L C- D A S- D AGRICULTURE- C – OF CO- OPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT- D I V SECS- ANY OTHERS

Page 29: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

6. P M SHOULD BE APPOINTED BY THE SECRETARY IN CHARGE OF THE SUBJECT OF IRRIGATION.

7. P M C CAN HOLD PRE CULTIVATION MEETING AND MAKE RECOMMENDATION TO DIV SECS. THE MEETING OF P M C SUMMONED BY DIV SECS NOW CALLED “CULTIVATION MEETINGS” AND TAKE DECESIONS PROVIDED TWO THIRD OF FO REPS IN PMC ARE PRESENT

Page 30: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

ePHts Kfhikj;Jtk; (S.W)1. ePH Ve;J gFjp Kfhik. (MWfs; mlq;fyhf)2. jpl;l Kfhik.3. ghrdg; gFjp Kfhik.

1

* Reservoir *

** Electric power ***** Navigation

***Divertion

Dam

Side Flow

Irrigation

Divertion Navigat

ionDomestric water

supplySalinity control

(To prevent solt water intretion)

Page 31: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

SRILANKA

Area – 25,332 Sq m

Land 24,997

Inland water 335

RAM FALL

Dry zone90” - 200”

South WestSouth Center

Wet zone30” - 60”

North WestNorth EastSouth East

Page 32: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

jpl;l Kfhik1.Fixing Priority2.Operation of system

ghrd Kfhikj;Jtk;

1.Water Management2.Land consolidation

Land consolidation will be the ultimate out come of the proper water resource . In respect of Irrigation sector

Page 33: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

ePH jpdk; ??

ePH01. vy;NyhUf;Fk; ePH02. xU Flk; ePupd; tpiy?03. ePH tpuaj;ijj; jLj;jy;04. ePH guhkupg;gpy; $l;L Kaw;rp05. gpw; re;jjpapdHf;Fk; ePH

ePH ts Kfhikj;Jtk;

,Ug;G

ghtid guhkupg;G

Page 34: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

ePH1. mwpKfk;

2. Nkw;gug;G ePHi. mikTii. ePHg;ghrdj; jpl;lq;fSk; ePH tpuaKk;

fl;Lg;gLj;jYk;.iii. ePh;g;ghrdj;jpl;lj;jpd; gpujhd ghfq;fs;iv. ePHg;ghrdj; jpl;lq;fSk; Rw;whly; khRglYk;.v. ,yq;ifapy; ePHg;ghrdr; rl;lq;fs;.

3. epyj;jb ePHi. ,yq;ifapy; epyj;jb ePupd; ngWif.ii. epyj;jb ePupd; cUthf;fKk; guk;gYk;.iii. epyj;jb ePupd; ,af;fk;.iv. epyj;jb ePupd; ghtid vy;iy.v. epyj;jb ePupd; juhjuk;.

4. Mw;Wg;gLf;iffSk; ePupd; gad;ghLk;i. mUtp MWii. Nkhjiu MW

cyf ePH jpdk;22.03.2002

fUj;juq;FePHg;ghrdj;

jpizf;fsk;tTdpah.

Page 35: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

ePHtsk;1. epyj;jb ePHtsk;2. epy Nky; ePHtsk;

1.epyj;jb ePHtsk;1. epyj;jpd; jd;ik2. ePHg;ghtid tpfpjk;3. kPs; cl;nrYj;Jk; msT4. nraw;if Kiwahy; Nrkpj;jy;

Page 36: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

LIMITATION OF USAGE OF GROUND WATER

1.SALT WATER INVESTIGATION2.LOWERING W.T

SOLUTION

1.SAFE EXTRACTION

2.ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE(1). INJECTION(2). TEMPORARY FLOODING(3). IMPROVING IN CRITICAL HIGH

PERMEABLE LOCATION

Page 37: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

SRILANKA1. NORTH WESTERN AND NORTHERN LIME STONE BELT

DEPEND SOLELY ON G.W2. DRY LOW LAND ZONE

(VAVUNIYA,ANURADHAPURA,POLONNARUWA)IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT…………………

OCT –JAN SURFACE WATER(S.W)REST GROUND WATER(G.W)

3. COSTAL BELTBOTH GROUND WATER & SURFACE WATER

4. WET ZONEMAINLY SURFACE WATER

Page 38: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

GROUND WATER FORMATIONBED ROCK AQVITON1.IGNAOUS ROCK(jPg;ghiw) HARDLY POROUS LESS

WATER HOLDINGWATER HELD IN FA…….

2. METAMOPHIC(cUkhwpa ghiw)HARDLY POROUS LESSWATER HOLDINGWATER HELD IN FA…….

3.SEDIMENTORY (milaw; ghiw)WHETHERING AND EROTION

SAND STONE

LIME STONE

DUE TO POROUS NATURE HELD,WATER

DUE TO CALCIUM CARBONATE SOLUTION IN CARBONIC ACIDSOLUTION CANALCARVERNSHIGH YIELD OF GROUND WATER

Page 39: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

QUALITY OF GROUND WATER1.ctHj;jd;ik (BRACKISHNESS)2.fbdj;jd;ik (HARDNESS)

<150PPM GOOD POTABLE WATER(PARTS PER MILLION)1500> >150MANAGABIC FOR DOMESTRIC USE

SEA WATER 20,000 24,000 PPM

TESTADD SILVER NITRATE

<100 PPM SOFT WATER> 300 PPM HARD WATER> 1000 PPM PROHIBITEDFOR USE

REMOVAL BY HEATING CONVERSION OF INSOLUABLE SALTS AS

SEDIMENTS

1

2

Page 40: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

epyj;jb ePHj;jhq;fp OSAKA CITY(UNDER GROUND DAM)

fly;

BED ROCK

F.R

G.W

DEPTH > 60m NOTE: F.B > 10mTO PREVENT WATER LOGGISTCROSS SECTION

90 Cm

55Cm

Page 41: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

GROUND WATER TERMINOLOGY 1.WATER SHED / BASIN2.PRECIPITATION3.SURFACE FLOW4.RUN OFF5.INTERCEPTION6.TRANSPIRATION7.EVAPOTRANS PIRATION8.PERCULATION9.INFILTRATION10.AQUIFER11.GROUND WATER

(1) G.W(2) D.G.W

12.WATER TABLE13.GROUND WATER CONTOUR

Page 42: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

ePH tPo;gbT/kioflj;jg;gLk; Mtpahfp ePH

EVAPOTRANSPRATION

MtpahFk; ePh;

fly;

ePH Njf;fq;fs;/fhy;tha;fs;

ePH Njf;fq;fs;

gf;ftbg;G ePHSEEPAGE

,wq;F ePHPERCOLATION

cl;GFk; ePHINFILTRATION

epyj;jbapy; cs;s ePHGROUND WATER FLOW

ePhpay; tl;lk;

cg;G ePH

Page 43: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

1 2a3

4 MSL

GWLFWZ

BWZ

b

5

c

Fig: GROUND WATER CONDITIONS IN THE JAFFNA PENINSULA (AFTER C.H.I STRIMANNE,1952)

(a)Red Earth,(b)Jaffna lime stone,(c)Granite gneiss,(MSL)Mean sea level,(GWL)Ground water level,(FWZ)Zone of fresh water saturation,(BWZ)Probable zone of brackish water:(1)Dry well,(2)Well of puttur type,(3)Ordinary successful well,(4)Spring of keerimalai type,(5)Solution cavern

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A RAINY SEASON

SALT WATER

FRESH WATERM.S.L

BED ROCK

B DRY SEASON

M.S.LFW

BWSW

BED ROCK

Fig Groundwater conditions in coastal sands.1. Fresh water well, 2. brackishwater well, BW, brackishwater zone

1

2

1

2

Page 45: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

DRY ZONE

WET ZONE

INTERMIDIATE ZONE

• COLOMBO

• JAFFNA

• TRINCOMALEE

• BATTICALOA

• ANURADHAPURA

• NUWARAELIYA

• KANDY

• MATARA

• PUTTALAM

• HAMBANTOTA

• RATNAPURA

1

2

3

1. 30” – 60”

2. 60” – 90”

3. 90” – 200”

epyk; - 24>997ePH - 335 (Sq Mile)

Page 46: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

MIOCENE LIME STONE

VIJAYAN COMPLEY(MATOMOPHRS)

HIGH LAND SERIS (IGNASIOUS)

Page 47: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

Miocene lime stoneJurassic(Gondwana)Vijayan complex

High land series

Galle

Colombo •

Mannar

Puttalam

Jaffna

Batticaloa

Trincomalee

Vavuniya

AnuradhapuraTabbowa

Kandy

Badulla

Fig: Sketch map of geology of Sri Lanka

Page 48: Siva worldwaterdaypresent

Recharge areaWater table

Piezometric surface

Ground surface

Flowing wellWater table well

Artesian well

Water table

Unconfined aquifer

Confining stratum

Confined aquifer

Impermeable state

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mizf;fl;LRIP RAP

HFLFSL

xU tifahd xU rPuhd kz; (Homogenious soil)

FILTER

RIPRAP

TRANSTION FILTER

ePUl;Gftplf; $ba gFjp

ePUl;Gf tplh eLg;gFjp (IMPERVIOUS CORE)

Page 50: Siva worldwaterdaypresent