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How you ever wondered how you would react in an emergency situation? Would you be professionalism personified, or a quivering wreck? How would you communicate your concerns? Well, health carers are trained to use something called critical language, one form

of which is known as the SBAR communication tool. This tool can be seen in Appendixes 4a and 4b at the end of the chapter. The SBAR tool is a communication strategy designed to improve communication between health carers in the clinical situation, such as from nurse to clinician, from clinician to clinician, from student nurse to senior nurse, etc. It is designed to communicate our concerns regarding our patient in a succinct, concise manner (without any waffle!), and to verbalise our assessment and recommendations. In short, to communication in a clear, effective and efficient manner. 

SITUATION, BACKGROUND, ASSESSMENT, RESPONSE (SBAR)

WHAT DOES SBAR MEAN?The SBAR communication tool was developed by the US Navy Nuclear Submarine Service to organise messages in a concise and consistent way, and as a means to get attention, express concern, state a problem, propose an action and then reach a decision. SBAR was found to fit perfectly into the health-care setting.

SBAR stands for:

S :Situation: we need to deliver the punchline in 5–10 seconds.B: Background: how did we get here?A: Assessment: what is the problem?R: Recommendation: what do we need to do?

Let me show you how to use the SBAR tool in a clinical

situation: a patient has been admitted to hospital with a

chest infection and to receive intravenous antibiotics to

treat the problem. You admit the patient and take a set of

observations. Plot these on the Bristol Observation Chart

(see Appendix 2 at the end of the chapter). Under the

Neuro Response section of the chart you will see AVPU,

which is an assessment tool used in many clinical areas.

This is explained in Appendix 3 at end of the chapter.

Assessment

You will need to communicate your assessment of the

situation, such as ‘This is what I think the problem is…the problem is cardiac, infection, neurological, respiratory or other; I don’t know what the problem is but the patient is deteriorating; the patient is unstable and may get worse, we need to do something. 

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

We looked at an example of how not to communicate using

an example with a patient called Joe Smith. Read this

information again and now, using the SBAR communication   

THE FUTURE

Even as a student nurse, it is good to get to grips with the

SBAR communication tool. The more you use it, the more

it will become second nature. You will start off using critical

language to the nurse in charge before being expected to

pass on critical information about the deteriorating patient.

Appendix 4b at the end of this chapter shows the full SBAR

communication tool in a poster format. 

THANKS YOU