site location: site location: gap site at bath street and pitt street plot: plot: 50m x 50m building...
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Low Energy Building Design
Scott MorrisonSamantha Dowling
Nicolas Levaudel Nicolas Soro
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Site Location: Gap Site at Bath Street and Pitt Street
Plot: 50m x 50m
Building Area: 4000m2 maximum
Building Height: 25m maximum
Occupancy: 400 People maximum
Office Requirement:
› General Office Purpose
› 70% Open Plan and 30% Cellular
Full Disabled Access
Materials and Energy should be produced locally
Aim of the Project
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Passive Standard High levels of insulation
Walls < 0.15 W/m2K
'Thermal bridge free' construction
Airtight building fabric
Maximum of 0.6 air changes per hour at 50 Pa
High performance windows with insulated frames
Glazing < 0.8 W/m2K
Space Heating/Cooling Energy
<15kWh/m2/annum
Primary Energy Demand
<120kWh/m2/annum
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Final Design Run Through
- Dimensions : 28x28m
- Glazed surface oriented
South East
- Atrium in order to bring
maximum light inside
the building
- Shading in order to avoid
over illumination and
overheating
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Building Plans N
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Air Supplied
Air extracted
Ground Heat Exchanger
Ventilation DesignMechanical Ventilation Heat Recovery (MVHR) :
- Maximum flow rate : 32 000 m3/hour
- Air change per hour per person : from 8 to 30
l/s/person
- Fan consumption : 2W/l/s
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Lighting
Ceiling Smart LED : 43W
36 fittings in the open area
2 fittings in the each cellular office
Occupancy sensors for cellular and toilets
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Lighting
300 lux on the working plan
Variable intensity depending on the incoming light thanks to daylight sensors
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Energy balance
January february march april may june july august september october november decemberTOTAL GAIN (kWh) 14452 20193 24863 23276 23251 20984 22374 20275 18516 22088 15194 13942TOTAL LOSS (kWh) 20666 20209 23235 20201 20394 16630 16592 16004 16053 20339 18654 20017Difference -6214 -16 1628 3075 2856 4354 5781 4271 2464 1749 -3460 -6075
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Underfloor heating and cooling system
To heat => hot water, to cool => cold water
More cost effective and energy efficient than air conditioning
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Electricity Demand
Janu
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Energy Demand
Total Energy Demand
Demand To Be Met By Renewables
PV Potential
Energ
y C
onsum
ed (
kW
h)
Total annual electricity demand = 125398 kWh
50% demand to be met by renewables = 62699 kWh
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Photovoltaics
Rooftop PV flat 432.6m2 11.8% efficiency = 44395kWh
Overhang PV flat 132m2 11.8% efficiency = 6433kWh (30% Shaded)
Overhang PV vertical 132m2 11.8% efficiency = 9482kWh (30% Shaded)
Rooftop PVT system flat 104.4m2 13% efficiency =11785kWh
Increased efficiency as thermal system reduces operating temperature
Total electricity generated = 72096kWh
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Solar Thermal HybridHot water demand 3150litres/day
PVT thermal efficiency = 0.7
Absorption 85% as PV rather than glass
100 litres per panel
45 panels required
Panel area 2.32m2
Total system size 104.4m2
http://www.goodenergy.co.uk/generate/choosing-your-technology/home-generation/solar-thermal/solar-thermal-faqs
Additional hot water heating required
during winter months
1071.9kWh
0.29kWh/m2/a
Electrical emersion heater
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Building Energy PerformanceWalls Ground Floor
SlabRoof Glazing
Materials
• LCC GGBS Insitu
Concrete Frame
• British
Gypsum®
Plaster
• Low
Conductivity
Teplo4™ Wall
Ties
• SVP Insulation
• ECO Smart™
Sandstone
Cladding
• LCC GGBS Insitu
Concrete Slab
• Kingspan®
Thermafloor™
TF70 Insulation
• Damp Proof
Membrane
(Waterproofing)
• LCC GGBS
Insitu Concrete
Slab
• Kingspan®
Thermaroof™
TR26 LPC/FM
Insulation
• Damp Proof
Membrane
(Waterproofing)
• Gypsum Plaster
Atrium:
• A98 Atrium
Glazing Units
Office:
• Low
Emissivity
Triple
Glazing
• Fully
Insulated
Frame
Passive Standard
0.15 0.15 0.15 0.80
U-Value Achieved (W/m2K)
0.13 0.14 0.112 0.79
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Building Energy Performance
Typical Practice Best Practice Passive Standard Our Office
Overall Energy (kWh/m2/annum) 226 178 120 48.94
Cooling & Heating (kWh/m2/annum) 209 111 15 11.87
Lighting (kWh/m2/annum) 54 27 - 5.27
Office Equipment (kWh/m2/annum) 31 23 - 8.95
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ComparisonOur Office Energon Passive
Office
Overall Energy 41 44.43
Cooling & Heating 12.16 12.3
U-Value (W/m2K)
Ground Floor Slab
Roof
Glass Roof Atrium
Typical Office Windows
Wall Construction
0.22
0.12
1.80
0.84
0.11 GF, 0.13 Office
0.14
0.112
0.79
0.79
0.13
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Design AlterationsSize increased from 25m x 25m to 28m x 28m
-increase atrium size and allow more natural light to enter Pitch of roof – changed from angled to flat
pitch was not feasible by exceeding the maximum height not enough light entering the atrium
Overhangs designed to create shading Solar gains and low u-values of materials creating internal overheating
PV installed on to overhangs Electrical demand exceeded 50% onsite generated requirement
Change Ventilation Flow RateCooling was not sufficient so ac/h increased
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Sustainable
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What we have learned
• Apply what was learned in the first semester
• How to use new software (i.e. Dialux, Dreamweaver, etc)
• How to present our ideas
• Work as a team
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Website• All details available on the website:
Project detailed per section Presentations and calculations downloadable Pictures …
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Sample Wall Construction
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Solar GainArea of Glazing = 660m2
Transmittance = 0.57South facing vertical
Total Solar Heat Gain = 216110kWh
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Solar Control
Green Building Store http://www.greenbuildingstore.co.uk/page--ecoplus-
energy-efficient-glazing.html
External shading overhangs/louvres
Light shelf
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Thanks for Listening Any Questions?