singular nouns: gender and articles identifying people, places, and things singular nouns: gender...
TRANSCRIPT
Identifying People, Places, and ThingsSingular Nouns: Gender and ArticlesSingular Nouns: Gender and Articles
Masculine NounsMasculine Nouns Feminine NounsFeminine Nouns
DefiniteDefinite elel hombre hombre the manthe man la la mujermujer the womanthe woman
ArticlesArticles elel librlibroo the bookthe book lala mes mesaa the tablethe table
IndefiniteIndefinite unun hombre hombre a (one) mana (one) man unauna mujermujer a (one) a (one) womanwoman
ArticlesArticles un un librlibroo a (one) booka (one) book unauna mesmesaa a (one) tablea (one) table
1
Identifying People, Places, and ThingsNouns and Articles: Plural FormsNouns and Articles: Plural Forms
SingularSingular PluralPlural
elel libr libroo los los librlibrooss the booksthe books
Nouns EndingNouns Ending lala mesmesaa laslas mes mesaass the tablesthe tables
in a Vowelin a Vowel unun libr libroo unosunos librlibrooss some bookssome books
unauna mes mesaa unasunas mes mesaass some tablessome tables
Nouns EndingNouns Ending lala universidad universidad laslas universidad universidadeses the the universitiesuniversities
in a Consonantin a Consonant un un papelpapel unosunos papelpapeleses some paperssome papers
2
nosotros/nosotrasnosotros/nosotras wewe
vosotros/vosotrasvosotros/vosotras you (you (fam. Sp.fam. Sp.))
ustedesustedes (Uds.)(Uds.) you (you (formform.).)
ellosellos//ellasellas theythey
Expressing ActionsSubject PronounsSubject Pronouns
yoyo II
tútú you you ((fam.fam.))
usted (Ud.)usted (Ud.) you you ((form.form.))
élél hehe
ellaella sheshe
Singular Plural
3
Expressing ActionsPresent Tense of Present Tense of -ar-ar Verbs Verbs
hablar (hablar (to speakto speak) : habl-) : habl-
SingularSingular PluralPlural
(yo)(yo) hablhabloo I speakI speak (nosotros)(nosotros) hablhablamosamos we speakwe speak
(nosotras)(nosotras)
(tú)(tú) hablhablasas you speakyou speak (vosotros)(vosotros)
(vosotras) (vosotras) hablhabláisáis you speakyou speak
(Ud.)(Ud.) you speakyou speak (Uds.)(Uds.)
(él)(él) hablhablaa he/she speaks he/she speaks (ellos)(ellos) habl hablanan you/they speakyou/they speak
(ella)(ella) (ellas)(ellas)
3
Expressing ActionsNegationNegation
In Spanish the word no is placed before the conjugated verb to make a negative sentence. Its English equivalent is not.
El estudiante no habla español.The student does not speak Spanish.
No, no necesito dinero.No, I don’t need money.
3
Getting InformationAsking Yes/No Questions (Part 1)Asking Yes/No Questions (Part 1)
A common way to form yes/no questions in Spanish is simply to make your voice rise at the end of the question.
STATEMENT: Ud. trabaja aquí todos los días.You work here every day.
Arturo regresa a casa hoy.Arturo is returning home today.
QUESTION: ¿Ud. trabaja aquí todos los días?Do you work here every day?
¿Arturo regresa a casa hoy?Is Arturo returning home today?
There is no Spanish equivalent to English do or does in questions. Note also the use of an inverted question mark (¿) at the beginning of a question.
OJO
Rising Intonation
4
Getting InformationAsking Yes/No Questions (Part 2)Asking Yes/No Questions (Part 2)
Another way to form yes/no questions is to invert the order of the subject and verb, in addition to making your voice rise at the end of the question.
STATEMENT: Ud. trabaja aquí todos los días.
QUESTION: ¿Trabaja Ud. aquí todos los días?
STATEMENT: Arturo regresa a casa hoy.
QUESTION: ¿Regresa Arturo a casa hoy?
Inversion
4