single window for export and import clearance: policy arguments and regional options mario...
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![Page 1: Single Window for export and import clearance: Policy arguments and regional options Mario Apostolov, Regional Adviser UNECE Trade mario.apostolov@unece.org](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062303/551c57ad550346b1458b508a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Single Window for export and import clearance:
Policy arguments and regional options
Mario Apostolov, Regional Adviser UNECE Trade [email protected]
Joint Trade Conference: PAM and UN Trade & Productive Capacity Cluster
Geneva, 4-5 May 2011
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Financial crisis, social upheavalMediterranean:
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The current situation
Economic crisis
Security concerns
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The current situation
Economic crisis
Security concerns
- Raise economic efficiency
- Trade (eliminate protectionism)
- Foster development in South and East Mediterranean
- Efficiency of official controls
- Good governance
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Eastern Europe
1989
Mediterranean 2011
Vaclav Klaus to the West:
Give us trade, not aid!
The structure for this: EU integration
Period of preparation & expectations
Wave of democratization in the S.&E. Mediterranean
What structural arrangements ?
Support for SMEs – middle class – democratic society
Tariffs - low (WTO) = trade facilitation
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Why a Single Window?UNCEFACT Recomendation 33
1. A tool of good governance (benefits for Government)– Efficient distribution of resources– Better revenue collection– More compliance from businessh– More security (on hte basis of risk analysis)– Less corruption
2. A tool of business efficiency (benefits for business)– Lower cost because of shorter time for the preparation of documents– Goods released faster– Predictable and efficient explanation and implementation of rules and
procedures– More transparency
Organizational and political instrument
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B
G
B
G
B
G G 2 G
B 2
G G 2 G
PROBLEM – For a foreign trade transaction various control agencies require about 40 documents with often repeated data =>
• Streamline trade procedures and document exchange
• Alignment withinternational standards
• Automation▼
SOLUTION – Single Window for export and import clearance
G 2 G
B 2 B
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What the Single Window is: virtual info exchange
Definition: a system that allows all participants in trade and transport file requested information in only one place, in a standard format, in order to carry out import, export and transit operations.
Electronic
Authority 3
SingleAuthority
Authority 1
Authority 2
Authority 4
3-a: 'Single Authority'
Paper
Trader(incl. Transport)
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PORTHEALTH
PORTAUTHORITY
CUSTOMS
CONSIGNOR
CARRIER
HAULIERWHARFINGER
CUSTOMSBROKER
LINEAGENT
CONSIGNEE
100
FROM TO
Mountains of paper
30% mistakes
Weeks for clearance
Customs, export, import, etc. processes together
Many documents filed together
Appr. 1 hour for clearance
Rec. 33: The Single Window Concept
PORTAUTHORITY
CUSTOMS
CONSIGNOR
PORTHEALTH
CARRIER
HAULIERWHARFINGER
CUSTOMSBROKER
LINEAGENT
CONSIGNEE
Single Window
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Two directions of work in building a SW
~80% of the work - negotiations
Policy work
Building political will
Draft concept paper & feasibility study
Appoint a lead agency (e.g. Customs)
Harmonize policy
Technical work Data harmonizationDeveloping a SW systemAlignment with international standards
Interagency management group
~20% technical work
Interagency technical group
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Prerequisites
• High-level political support (e.g. PM)
• Strong lead agency
• Clear vision (purpose, concept, model, scope)
• Effective coordination of various organizations!
• Step-by-step
• Involve business community in planning, decision-making and execution (not like Tunisia TradeNet)
• Create an enabling legal environment
• Draft and adopt a Master Plan defining tasks for all
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Rec.35: Checklist of basic legal issues
1) Law on electronic signatures Is the system working on a PKI basis? Is there a root CA + functioning network of CAs?
2) Law on electronic commerce
3) Law on e-government
4) Law on data protection
5) Do sectoral laws (e.g. sanitary laws) envisage the use of sector and/or country specific codes
6) Are there requirements for paper originals in law?
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Agreement on a Single Window (among multiple organisations to define roles and responsibilities)
Public vs. private law (both domains)
Identification, authentication, authorization (electronic authentication not reguilated)
Data protection
Sharing data bet. government agencies
Retention (archiving) of data
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Liability issues (determine responsibilities)
Competition law (against abuse of dominant position)
Electronic and paper document equivalence (admissibility issues, UNCITRAL instruments)
Intellectual property rights
Settlement of disputes (arbitration or litigation)
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Finland SW
Greece SW
Macedonia SW
International Standards
Turkey SW
Bulgaria SW
Ireland SW
Spain SW
Romania SW
Netherlands SW
UK SW
Possible common Single Window model
SW = Single Window Provider
Standardized Data Set based on WCO Data Model, UNTDED & UNeDocs Core Components
Sweden SW