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Page 1: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Perspective

BasicPerspectiveForDrawing

Page 2: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward
Page 3: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Perspectiveisoneofthemostimportanttoolsindrawinga3-dimensionalsceneorobjectona

2-dimensionalsurface.

Typesof“Linear”perspective:•  Single-(orone-)point

•  Two-point•  Three-,four-,andfive-point

Typesof“Atmospheric”perspective:•  Aerial(Diffusionofdetailandtone)

•  Layering(Foreground,tomid,tobackground)•  Proportional(Sizerelationship)•  Colortemperatureanddetail

Page 4: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Foregroundobjectsareusuallydepictedwithwarmercolors,moretonalrange,highercontrastwithmoredetailanddefinition.Backgroundobjectsareusuallydepictedwithcoolercolors(bluesandgrayedhues),lesstonalrange,andlowercontrastwithlessdetail.

ExampleofAtmosphericandLinearPerspective

Page 5: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

ExampleofAtmosphericandLinearPerspective

Page 6: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

TypesofPerspective

•  Linear1.  SinglePoint2.  TwoPoint3.  ThreePoint

•  Atmospheric1.  Aerial(AtmosphericDiffusion)2.  Layering3.  SizeRelationships4.  ColorTemperature

Page 7: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGrid(Review)Basic1-PointPerspectiveRulesStructurallines,likerooflines,sidewalks,fencelines,furniture,floors,etc.:

Linesmovingtowardthehorizonand/orvanishingpoint(inotherwords,awayfromyou):

• Linesabovethehorizonmovedownwardastheygoawaytowardthehorizon.• Linesbelowthehorizonmoveupwardastheygoawaytowardthehorizon.

Horizontalandverticallinesnotmovingtowardthehorizon:

• Verticalstructurallineslikecornersofbuildings,window/doorcasings,lightpoles,cornersoffurnitureshouldbedrawnstraightupanddowntomeetthetopandbottomoftheconverginglines.• Topsandbottomsofobjects(surfacesorplanes)thatfaceyoushouldbedrawnhorizontal.

Page 8: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGrid(Review)Basic1-PointPerspectiveRulesStructurallines,likerooflines,sidewalks,fencelines,furniture,floors,etc.:

Linesmovingtowardthehorizonand/orvanishingpoint(inotherwords,awayfromyou):

• Linesabovethehorizonmovedownwardastheygoawaytowardthehorizon.• Linesbelowthehorizonmoveupwardastheygoawaytowardthehorizon.

Horizontalandverticallinesnotmovingtowardthehorizon:

• Verticalstructurallineslikecornersofbuildings,window/doorcasings,lightpoles,cornersoffurnitureshouldbedrawnstraightupanddowntomeetthetopandbottomoftheconverginglines.• Topsandbottomsofobjects(surfacesorplanes)thatfaceyoushouldbedrawnhorizontal.

Page 9: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

LinearPerspective

•  SinglePoint•  Horizon/EyeLevel•  VanishingPoint

Page 10: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

LinearPerspective:SinglePoint

•  FindingTheGrid

–  PerspectiveLines•  PerspectiveLine

–  Horizon/EyeLevel(EL)•  RedLine

–  VanishingPoint(VP)•  GreenLine

Page 11: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

LinearPerspective:SinglePoint

•  FindingTheGrid

–  PerspectiveLines•  PerspectiveLine

–  Horizon/EyeLevel(EL)•  RedLine

–  VanishingPoint(VP)•  GreenLine

Page 12: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

LinearPerspective:SinglePoint

•  FindingTheGrid

–  PerspectiveLines•  PerspectiveLine

–  Horizon/EyeLevel(EL)•  RedLine

–  VanishingPoint(VP)•  GreenLine

Page 13: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

LinearPerspective:SinglePoint

•  FindingTheGrid

–  PerspectiveLines•  PerspectiveLine

–  Horizon/EyeLevel(EL)•  RedLine

–  VanishingPoint(VP)•  GreenLine

Page 14: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward
Page 15: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward
Page 16: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward
Page 17: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

•  SinglePointFind:

–  PerspectiveLines–  EyeLevel(Horizon)–  VanishingPoint

Page 18: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

•  SinglePointFind:

–  PerspectiveLines–  EyeLevel(Horizon)–  VanishingPoint

Whenhorizonlineand/orvanishingpointisoffthepageordifficulttofind:

•  Startwithidentifyingyourperspectivelines.•  Drawtheminfirst.•  Wheretheymeet,thatisyourhorizonlineand

your#1vanishingpoint.

Page 19: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

•  SinglePointFind:

–  PerspectiveLines–  EyeLevel(Horizon)–  VanishingPoint

Whenhorizonlineand/orvanishingpointisoffthepageordifficulttofind:

•  Startwithidentifyingyourperspectivelines.•  Drawtheminfirst.

•  Wheretheymeet,thatisyourhorizonlineandyour#1vanishingpoint.

Page 20: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

•  SinglePointFind:

–  PerspectiveLines–  EyeLevel(Horizon)–  VanishingPoint

Whenhorizonlineand/orvanishingpointisoffthepageordifficulttofind:

•  Startwithidentifyingyourperspectivelines.•  Drawtheminfirst.

•  Wheretheymeet,thatisyourhorizonlineandyour#1vanishingpoint.

Page 21: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

•  SinglePointFind:

–  PerspectiveLines–  EyeLevel–  VanishingPoint

Whenhorizonlineand/orvanishingpointisoffthepageordifficulttofind:

•  Startwithidentifyingyourperspectivelines.•  Drawtheminfirst.

•  Wheretheymeet,thatisyourhorizonlineandyour#1vanishingpoint.

Page 22: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

OnePointInteriorPerspective

Page 23: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

OnePointInteriorPerspective

Page 24: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

•  SinglePointFind:

1.  PerspectiveLines2.  EyeLevel(Horizon)3.  VanishingPoint

Page 25: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

•  SinglePointFind:

1.  PerspectiveLines2.  EyeLevel(Horizon)3.  VanishingPoint

Page 26: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGridExercise

Placeyoursingle-pointperspectivegridunderapieceofnewsprint.Makesureyouanseetheconvergingperspectivelinesthroughthepaper.Also,takenoticeoftheHorizonLine(EL)andtheVanishingPoint(VP).

Page 27: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGridExercise

Thefollowingstepswillhelpyoudrawtheseboxesinperspective.Pleaserefertoandmemorizetherulesforlines.

Page 28: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGridExercise

Drawthetwolinesyouseeinthisexampleonthenewsprint.NoticethatoneisabovetheHorizonLineandoneisbelow.NoticethattheyarebothtwolinesfromtheHorizonLine.Thelengthofthemdoesnotmatter.

Page 29: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGridExercise

Drawthetwoverticallinesrepresentingthefrontandbackcornersofthebox.

Page 30: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGridExercise

Drawthetwohorizontallinesthatrepresentthetopandbottomofthefrontofthebox.

Page 31: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGridExercise

Drawtheverticallinerepresentingtherightsidecornerofthefrontofthebox.

Noticethatthisbox’stopandbottomplanescannotbeseenfromoureyelevel.Theconvergingperspectivelinethatisbelowoureyelevelmovesupwardtowardthevanishingpoint(VP).TheconvergingperspectivelinethatisaboveoureyelevelmovesdownwardastheymoveawayfromustowardtheVP.

Page 32: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGridExercise

Buildingtheleftbox:Drawtheside’stopandbottomconvergingperspectivelines.Noticethattheyarebothbelowthehorizonline.Don’tworryaboutthelengthofthem.

Page 33: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGridExercise

Nextdrawtheverticallinesthatrepresentthelengthofthebox.

Page 34: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGridExercise

Sinceyouhavenoperspectiveguidegrid-lineforthetop’sbackline,youwillneedtodrawonewithouttheguidehelpingyou.PlaceastraightedgethatpivotsofftheVP.HolditontheVPwithyourrighthandandswingtheleftendupanddowntillyouaresatisfiedwiththeplacementofthisline.

Box’stop,backedgeline.

VP

Page 35: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGridExercise

Next,drawinthetwoverticallinesthatdefinethefrontandbackcornersofthebox.

Page 36: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGridExercise

Next,drawinthetopandbottomhorizontallines.Startattherighthandcornersofthefrontsideanddrawthemtotheleft.Iusedarrowstoshowdirectionsfordrawing.Noticethatthispageisnotwideenough.Yourswillbe.Justadjustthetopconvergingperspectivelinetoconnectwiththehorizontalones.

Page 37: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

Single-PointPerspectiveGridExercise

Noticethatunliketheboxontheright,theboxontheleftiscompletelybelowthehorizonline.Therefore,allconvergingperspectivelinesthatmoveawayfromus,moveupwardtowardtheVP.

Page 38: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

CreateASingle-PointPerspectiveGridUsingastraightedge,plottheconvergingperspectivelinesandfindthefollowing:• Eyelevel(Horizon)• Vanishingpoint(VP)

Printthissheetoutanddotheexerciseonitbeforemovingtothenextslide.

Page 39: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

CreateASingle-PointPerspectiveGridUsingastraightedge,plottheconvergingperspectivelinesandfindthefollowing:• Eyelevel(Horizon)• Vanishingpoint(VP)

Page 40: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

CreateASingle-PointPerspectiveGridUsingastraightedge,plottheconvergingperspectivelinesandfindthefollowing:• Eyelevel(Horizon)• Vanishingpoint(VP)

Page 41: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

CreateASingle-PointPerspectiveGrid

EyeLevel Horizon

Usingastraightedge,plottheconvergingperspectivelinesandfindthefollowing:• Eyelevel(Horizon)• Vanishingpoint(VP)

Page 42: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

CreateASingle-PointPerspectiveGridByplottingtheconvergingperspectivelines,findthefollowing:• Eyelevel(Horizon)• Vanishingpoint(VP)

EyeLevelVP

Horizon

Page 43: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

CreateASingle-PointPerspectiveGrid

Printthispageoutanddothisexercise.FindconvergingperspectivelinesFindEyeLevel(Horizon)FindVanishingPoint(VP)

Page 44: PerspectiveSingle-Point Perspective Grid (Review) Basic 1-Point Perspective Rules Structural lines, like roof lines, sidewalks, fence lines, furniture, floors, etc.: Lines moving toward

HomeworkAssignment

FindconvergingperspectivelinesFindEyeLevel(Horizon)FindVanishingPoint(VP)

Onaverticalsheetofpaper,startbylocatingyourbasicone-pointgrid.

The,putinyourconvergingperspectivelinesrepresentingtheeasytoseelinesaboveandbelowthehorizon.

Trytofigurethingsinproportiontoeachother.

Don’tworrytoomuchaboutbuildingtone.Thisisaperspectiveexercise.However,ifyoufeelconfidentenoughandhavetime,starttoexperimentwithtone.


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