sincerity book , tamil தமிழ்,

8/3/2019 Sincerity Book , Tamil ,

1/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

yc v\V[ v~ OL

c#F\D

V>mkxD


2/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c^D

_: c#F\D V>mkxD

gEB: ] v\V[ L (m)

\VaBA: gLD s

Vz: \s ._.D. VD () D..

kl|kV:

flEV: n flD, 168, >V T], \Vk_,

x>u ]A: kD, 2010

]A\:

s:

..>,.:

01. c#F\ 09

02. VD >D: V>mkD 38

03. AD_ >VV x 68

04. c#F\, V>mkD

>VV vVV [

k z]_ km^ zA^ 73

Title: Sincerity and Brotherhood

Author: Bediuzzaman Said Nursi (Turkey)Translator: Asim Alavi

Editor: Moulavi A.L.M. Ibrahim (Gafoori) M.A.

Printed by: IPC Printing Press, 168, Main Street, Mawanella, Sri

Lanka

Publishers:

Copy right:

First Edition : November, 2010

Price:

ISBN:


3/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

00 01

yc v\V[ v~ LD

km vVV >VzAD

1877D g| ml[ wz V]B]_ >v~ L km x kVD V][ cBflEV

m. E> x[\V]BV VtB kVk

\uV k^, >m m J[Vkm kB]_ 1960Dg| \\VV^. k^ \AZ]BV VtB

_sB \V]\[, T mD u, >E>VtB QV ]>V. >V_ kz "ycv\V['(V][ uA>D) [ EA B kwm.

mB \B\V V c\VMB V][] V]_ kV> yc v\V[ k^, V][TflEBD x>VD c V xu>V| xoD

cz >MV|V >D xoD c]om

>[ mm V m zBV \VB>D>m kV V]_ s>V. 1923 x>_ 1950

kBV mB VD Vmz ]V |D

zx BVm k>>D yc v\V[s>V.

x>VD c >][ [V V z]l_ km


4/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

02 03

mB \Vmz ]V s]> zx^ >VmD, Vbkfl EVFD xoD; flEVD xoD.gBV_, xD\ \> V Fk> >[V_ xBV> kV]V.

k \uz >VoBVz V| ]Bm. >[ zk> \V >m k^ kz ]ys V> V\Vk >. >VflEBV V| >KDEkVxD zx\ [V WV

V. k m[A>| a VmD >m VtB lom uD mk|VVm c]BV W[V. k J]omD >m \VktmD >M\ W]\, kz\BV>V >> kwBm. V sB >m" vVV '(l[ #m) D _Btzg[ sB ]V. >V| vVV mxkmD k mkBmD V sB. u yc v\V[ V:

""z >k, m B>s[ lV

_m m |V|z cV _; >V_ V[

]VB i W\z [V_ > QV> [V_ Am V^ B #VzD [MD _.

zgMB V [ >BV|] V^k>uVkk z u|^ [ c\ Vm Am.

zgz k FD x\V \V\V

BV[ Wkuk>uV luE\V m xkVD \m^mV_ c[. zgM[ uA>

>[\B Wm V|k>uz > luEB m.''

VtB cD\ T\m ou V|k>uV >V VD, >[ ~\VMKD D

(>V)sKD TD V|k> yc v\V[

>V. > DxD >V| sfiQVD, >Va_OD[ B_ \u>BkV]D kV]D V

][ ]V> sVm cAkm cBV

VtB t \V xl uk>m. V ]_ _VB y >m \Vkz u]KD VtB mBV_^, skV>^ ] \V> sk]KD > s

V. >uV VtB c[ VzD BVD\uVV; x[ c\V ]>V. m \V]\_ >m \Vk c^B Vbk BV[ ], 1914D g|, Vm ml[ wzV]B> gt xB[ iB z ]VVVV. >[ ]l_ > ]BV |iBfl El_ k VD kV k um.

mk VxD \V \V _ ~|yc v\VM[ kVs_ Am \Vu^ u. V> s| zBV m \V V> sV z]l_ yc v\VM[ kVD BflEB>>

k>VMVD. "wB v~' "A]B v~>V'BflEB>V. A]B v~ Vm kVsom u m, \V>\KD ]\V u]KD ]BV]KD, cD\][Wu E]]KD V> a>V. M_, AmkBV J ]> VVmV k gB>kB >k um.

1925D g| ml[ wz V]B]_ ]V flE k>m. yc v\V[ ]_ >VVukV _m >m \Vk #skV_. \VV flEB s|D >[ >kD k VV. D VD


6/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

06 07

|m V|m. W> kuBD WD\] BDkD ~\VMB kVz kl_ xBVm [>>[ m. \KD, WVA \M> g\Vs_u|mD >D, ], Dl[\ gB VB

VFD k \M> kVs_ sszD \V\V sZ>D wV szm.

x

_zg[ \M>m A]BD c^V> gu_D s> m. fiD D \|^m, m s>D Bzm [ u gw\V cuV, k [ |^ [m u gVFm> |zD _zg[ k Wum. >[JD \VE\ >B k k_\ V V[ k[ V[ [>D km EA >[\^ (LV) [ [>D s V^ kazD.>V_ \M>[ >m c kVs[ VA s V^D kazD. yc v\VD EVzgMB uA>D ]B>D szk>uV >bzxBB [u^V. fi][ AD m kk\|^ s>xD >[ \A\>[ VM[ uA> nB]u W>uz Vm\Vk [m \M>z kw z>kBVm >Z]BV V][ D szk>[ JD k >m ~\V c]BVkm V^ xD [mD yc v\VM[ kV>\VzD. kV xoxD V> z> Z]BVk

s ~\V[ V^ k|D k kV]V.

s [uk]_ _k [\^ c^.kV>xD BukV>xD V]kV>xD \zwD

VB J>\V ^sD >D\V> V [. k[ k[ >V_[ k[ \m uz |k]_? km [ T sfiQVD Ws_? \M>[ \m c

\V| \V V [ k[ *|D |kV[ [m z> V flVzD [ kV>^k km ~\VB gVfl FD.

T sfiQVxD >VaOxD fi][ >VauV| \V]\ |m^. >[ ckVD uk V|zD sD ^sz \_ ^s A[. gV_, ~\VMB V]_ fi>VzDVm, m k >[ >VauV|z V_|mfl [, >[ _Bu sV>D ]_ V]m^ uA>D szk>V|, >[ >V >M>k[[ ]B>D Wm. m km c^]_ \

kD zw>D c|bk>uz ]V, ~\V\]_ gw\V ]B km.

\M> kVs[ t BV >k \V>[ukmD k k_\ V V m,km m wB ]V\^ JxD kk ka|km\VzD.

zgzD sfiQVmzD l_ xV|VsV BVm. \Vu\V \M>zD W> >D \]BD sfiQV> AVm_zgMB kaB [uk>[ J\ m V^

xD [>B yc v\V[ v~ L >m vVV JD |m V^V.


7/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D V>mkxD

08 09

""WflB\V VD k>> ]B> V| cD*m BVD. c#F\BV| _Vk

kzTV. _Vs[ \V\[ #B \VDk_.'' (q\: 2-3)

xD\ (v_) sV^: ""Q^ >s>

m \M>D am VkV^; >\m u

m k >s> m \M>D

am VkV^. c#F\[ BVuk^

>s> m \M>D am VkV^. c

#F\BV V] [.'' (_m

mV[ kV> `_ (v_) k^ \Va>V^)

c#F\ [m V]_ > xB\Vm

[> \u kaV_^ |m V|[. c#F\ >VV^ V sB_ n>

\V]D \V VD szVD.


8/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

10 11

x>VD DD: xB\V>V ]zD ^s

^s: c EzD EB Vz^ \M>

D kaD [ BkfiD >\l_

zV>D \m mwA[ Bu|[.gV_, \>> [ukVD, \V QD,

`mk kaB VD \ VV, >VD

[uD ]B \V> \m >\l_

km V^[, >uV VD [? c\

l_ k^>V[ |>k V \]m >\l_

>Vu\ k|D. >Vu\ [ D

\V^m?

]_: \k>xD k\VxD W>, \V]_

gkx^V wkzD > V>V W u|

k>uV _k g>V V_ xB V

VD x[kVD.

x>u V:

]B> [ukV \]l_ m ku\ ]

B]K^ zVV_ u|k]_. >V, V|

VzBV \]l_ >Vu\ >uV VD

k^ ]B> k]V^ [m VmD

_. c\ BV>M_, c skV_ _k

>VauV|^ J][ kV kzm >]uzD

u m V||^. EBo_ ~||kV,

\>Vu _s uV V[V[ ^ >kV

>B|^>V|, kV kzm >mzD

>\zD u BV|>|x^. kV

>\m VA k WkuV_ km

kVB V| _k>uV kwszD [

\VxD >kV >B|>|^m. >V|,

km \]Vltm szD VV|

D >\m cVsB EB m V^D

x\V >\m \]V[ k> ~>uz >kBV OD V V||^.1

kD >\m c VV V||k>VKD,

kVkD >\m m_ BVuk>VKD k

z \]l_ g>V m ku\D D

>V[D sB^ >V mt_. k^ _KD

V> k V>V D >\l_ u

\BD VD VmV xD.

gV_ \V> [ukVmD, c\VmD

VtB \Afl >VmD W\ s]BV

1.fl! \M>m k> | xBVm. >~ xD. kz kD V|V_, mu k \ Vm. k ]_ \V_, km c

#F\l[ > BkfiD s m V^D. V|DAwV|D m \M>m kD k V kk>[V_mkV kz\]BV [\V\V _. \VV, m c#F\Bw> zumV >BVD V\ c^m. >BkxD D AD c#F\B V]>V|, m uVBmD fl>V c#F\B V\V, m VuV [> [ kVl_ k u|] >>VKD ,> kVlo[ cz]l_ |D k>BB V| kD.

gBV_, \M>tm k>D AwD ]V>uz]V, kuom km m k|D. D AwDm, >s[ [V_ \BV>lwm {|D \M> k\V!


9/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

13

?

""#> >kV ]k> >s `o[ *m >

VAD BVm.'' (: 54) V>\V VD, _VBD, \m k ~A

gBku kz u V|m _Vs[

VA [>D, VtB #> ]k]_ k

> D guk]_ [>D, ]kzD

(>kV) BVm >m V> VA [>D

kVkD s k]>_ kEB\VzD. \V

z k kEB\V _m ku s_ [

>uV k >kV \VV. > c\B

>kV sB k c#F\B m V^k]_

ku kV. _VsV_ m >Vm VzD.

ADV>V, > k k >z \V xu|>k|D. >VD AD \V V o kV\KD, >uV[\VD k|\ c^\]D g> kV\KD,>V[ FD \V kV \^ >z ]VD FBk|\[ ]_ k[ m V^V\KD,_Vz \V]\ [ ckV| m V^ k|D.\Vfl kV c_ ]V> ]V>V_, c#F\am VFs|D. \M>z c\D WBVBD >V[F[. k^ vV k>uz >BVVVD. gV_, ku k Wu xBVm. ""k mkV > kz\]'' D Vm. \VV, kx \]][ >z \V |>k xu|mD

EA >[\B k|D. kD zg[ kD kmkVs_ k k|D.

12

\Vm. k^ km D _V \M>D

>VAm. km V^Z]BV [\VD kBV> [. J VD, _kVz gBku_

km z [D x[MBD FBV> [.

k_ >sB >V^ g|kV |D. kwszD kBV \V

\uD V^Z]BV kz\] V ^ VD. B \D flD >VuD

[; u\ ku\BV \Vm; V|

kV km.

> m\V B z|>k_ \m c

#F\ \V]\BVzD. c#F\B k>uV ka\M>[ >m g\VVk ]om _Vk k

zk>[V_ *^k>VzD; >m \VflB ]]

|mk> xuV am, _Vs[ ]]B \V]Dg> kzD >[\B c^]_ k>VzD; kD

zg[ k> ]o>VzD:

""WflB\V m o _VsD \V]\ c^m.''(: 27)

^ zg[ k][ >> kV|Dkl_, \VE \uD VV>V Z]BV kz\]

xuV m>VzD.2

2.

>z \V_ |>k xu|mD EA>[\B\m kaVBV VD |m V^ k|D. vVVDV flE zg[ VV|m. c>Vmz, [\V> V|zDV>V _m AB VB>


10/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

14 15

VD V:

ka^ >VD a|>VD B>

>\l_ s uVm VmVm V^[.

gV_, kalK^VV, >\m B> VmV

k m ku\|[. >Vkm, c kVs[

gw]_ J^ ka^ ]B]KD B>V>]KD

D kV>>[ V\V akVkVD

TVD c^. >VD akm^>V_ >\m

> V^ kz >k c^m. k,

zB VmV \uBVm mwD

c>sBD k^ x\>V| km V^[

. k^ BzD V> kaVm [VKD ,

> u\B k^ VmV[. >V_ k

m \A kD V[D, ka| c

#F\ V[D, km BkfiD c[V| V[D,km \>WVA >Vu\ V[D |m

V|, >V_ >uVo kuBD FmV^

[. Vku m V^k>uVkD, #B

m[ BuV_ m kuBV] x

BVm. c#F\BV| \M>[ xBuE Fm >|D

>D _V V|k FV[.3

c\VD, ` \A [ukD,

kal_ c^VD, \>kV]D V>\_,

k^ >\m ~\VMo> B> u V^[

. M_, k^ ]B]KD B>V>]KD D

km^>V_ k^ kkVkD >V[ ]B V>l_>VD, >m >[ VVukV[ [

DAk>VKD >Mmkm[ Bu|[; kz

>Vkm TD u|DVm, \M>D B>Vm _

Vs\ [; kM\ c>sD >|

[; km kaxz \Vu\V bzx

bkVm c>sD mwAD kEB\V k

z >[|k]_. k, c[V|V, u

\V >k >V k^ > \VV^. c\

l_, kV>xD \V flz \BV>KD

\V z\V, z^V >VD \V]D>V[

BD \u kD wBD bkV^; flD zV>xD ]mD [mD > m

V^D. c#F\ sB|k>V|

>[ >VauV|D E>m VzD.

> mBt W\l[ g>V som

VmVA k>uz [m kax^ \V]D c^:

1. V>\V Bu_. >Vkm, >m V^lKD

bzxlKD u]BV|D, ck\V

>V|D Bu|km. |>km kax ]m

s\E> >s>_. km V>l_ z| >FkmD km V^ kDAz mD, >

uB xD zkmD xuV >s_.

""...\KD >z (|D) >kl> V]KD, >s\uk >>|m V^kV^.'' (_i: 9)

> V]om VmVA k>uz k\ VmD.

3gD! _m[ k >|ku k u ykV

[m { c\ s]. >[ VD sV\Vm. m cBV|m.


11/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

16 17

2. kax_ c^ xV| mkm

s| VtB zl[ yM[ [\V [_.u\ u>D [A, V>mkD _o

D gBku_ gk>_.

3. ""m kax zfl EVmD BVmD, gV_

m kax \V]D>V[ BV>_'' [ ]BV

>B >_. >m kax \V]D>V[ k>[ JD k \uBVm kax^

>D > VFB x>V kzD VB

kV|V. > c\ kzD BVm.

4. ~\VMB \^ \]l_ u\ >Vm

_Vs[ VmVk >\>V V^km D, ]

B> >Bm D DA>_.

5. ] t \M>[ >Mm W[ , zmD kamD | \V>\V ]kVF> EA >flE^ B[ t \V]V_, k WflBD >Vu

|kV [ c\B c>_. >V| ka

[ > B BB ]m Wu>uzu\B ka [> u V^_.

6. ]B][ V >Vz>oom ]B> Vm

V>_.

7. BD, >u\ gBku s|>_.

8. BkD [ >kV V> s_.

9. sV>D VV|k>V_ u|D u [>]V> xuV s_.

> [m s]D |\M_, c#F

\BD >[ >VauVD EV VmVm

xD.4

J[VD V:]B> [ukV, \]l_ m ku\

kkm k^ VkxD kD uk^ [>

VV _m kaz \]l_ u\ >V[km

k^ c[> k WD ukV [

[>VV _. c\ BV>M_, kalK^V

>\m c[>\V gkD cD >kV

BV xBuE[. >VD _ AD ]EV

uBV o \\l_ >z |>ks

[ \z ]\V >Vm k|D

]fl Bu|[. ""> [\ V[>V[ >

V^ k|D; D\M> V[>V[ ka|>k|D; D\M>^ m V> \V]\

k|D'' k ] komV. >[ JD

>[V_ >kV l_ ~||D V>z

]V VV\BD zV>>D kV. >m

4. ]^ zgMB \M>[ [m _>k^ ] V_ km Vm ]BV \>WVA]V V>V|V^ g>Vk\Vy_ z|^. V]_ ]B kalK^\M>^ >\m ~\VMB V>[ c#F\BV| [|km \V]\_, \VV >kz \]lK^ B]D

\x^ _ \M>D B k|D. klK^ \>Z]BV m ku\ >uVo\VkDskV>mz |m V^Vm, km Vm ]BV V]> ]m VV x[k k|D.


13/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

20 21

_Vs[ \][ Vu_ t_oB[ \V

, >[ EB, B m kV>D ] FB| s|D. ] QVx^ >V[ (_V) >

D >V>\VkV _m TVkV ckV

s_. k[ \u ] kVF> kV> >kBV V> Vm m^

V[. >fl BV kV>^ Vu JD clV||sV_, kBV M^ kVl_ OwkmV,

k uA> A[ Vm_ OwD. gV_,

_Vs[ ]V>xD c#F\D \ukV>z clV| x[kVsV_, ku

k\ kVBV_ \Va>\V BV o \V]\

zD. m z_ M\BV, V\V _V>]V_> kD s\|]_ [ kl_ zg

{mD \M>! sB> u k]_ |D.

V[VD V:

kalK^V \]lK^ \D, mku\D kV kD V|D ]V s

xBV> TD V\VD zB \

V[\ V\VD u|k]_BV, kV kam \k\V V|D u\D k

]K^ # VmD c[> VklmD skVu|k]_. c\l_, kalK^V, >VD u^

]BxD B>V>xD km kV kaB >kV

V^>V_, \Vfll[ z|>\V #|>_z \ \VV^. \VV, >\m c^]mD

A]lmD #Vz^ \ #|>_ [ukV

^. D, k^ >\m ]l[ AM>>[\B

V\KD c#F\l_ VV\KD Bu|

k>V_ >\m cB >V> V xBVm, fl

fls_ J s|[.

ka V>\_, k^ flz

\BV \ >|\Vumz c|^>VKD, u\V>uVo [\B [ \V\V W>

[\B s| {s|D Vo kmz \

|^>VKD kl_ >Vu\ zs_

km. M_, >Vu\ JD

BD c VxD kz m s|m.

c\BVk, >\m fl zD > c^

\M>^ u c V>D, c D w

[]^km zkVm>V[. kalK^ \M>^

>\m c^xD D kw^ c[>\V

V \\l_ \V]D W> uo D x\V >\m

VB xs|, >B g> km^mc\>V[. kD >VD VzD xD ]D uB

BV >D, c#F\D, ]BV cD, \m

[|D _ \VVkxD > V]KD, k^

B c x\BV sB >kB\

lVKD, |>km c\ \]V> TD V

|k>VKD k^ >\m |>V_ zD ]

c[> ]BD w>V| >\m c#F\ E>m

V ka\m V|[. km \\ kV

V \ Vwm s|m; _Vs[ ]]D

k V zs_ k>BVm.

> V#\V VF z\k>uV \m,

]B V>l_ BD \uV^D mk \M

>m kV]_ ]]D \flED V>VzD;


14/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

_Vs[ ]]V k^ kD E>VzD.

k [u, k >\mkmz xu|m^; ]B V>l_ BD \uV^D \uB \M

>^ >[s \[\BVk^ m^; >[

JD >u\B >>m c#F\B >VxD. Vu >VBV #B B_, #F\l_V>

_VlD B_s ] \] kVF>m [\Vz \u cVlom *EB >k_m.

>V, >\mk][ VB VAz \]

lKD, >D\ [ukVz >k x[\V| k|D. k ]_ E gm^

|D. D m >u\ D c Vlom

*EB >D. k, ku[ J\V c#F\BFm V^D, >m \\ kVz >kBV gB>

kD VAD V WkuD kVF

A zD.

n>VD V:

kalK^V \]l_ V|D flD m

ku\D, km T][ skV ckV>_.

>V_, ka \]l_ V|D ]t [BD

km ][ skV um\_. c\l_,

\V ~\VMB ][ skVk kaBV

\]l_ V]B u\ V|k]_. >V_,

EB Vz^ ka]_ g[tZ]BV c

D BVm. >V_ k^ ku TV

V|[. WBVm k |fl m

Wu W]m. [BD >\z kEBD []BT |fl [. Vk kVm, gV_

Emz VV >k BV>>V_ >Mm kVm.

g|^ {VlD m VmVA D V_ \>

V kV[. T J[ | g\ c]BV>VD x^ J[ | g\ T\V

>VD V|m. > zg[ O\V>V

VBV k|mm. c>V\V,

(""[D ^ ...'' (Rq: 30))

"' [ kV> gVo cBV|^m.gV_ m VV Vo_ k]

k|D. 1. ^ V_ [>V_ 2. A \Val_

[\ VmD VVk kk>V_. kV,

(""V|A ^ '' (_V:14))

[ k> Vz^. ]_ ""V^'' [ kV>

Vo_ km^m. D B V|A^ g. TxD zMD \[\D V

V |fl DVm xD c]D km \V]

\_Vm { g\>[\D [ DsBD kV V V|m. k, ^

mz gV BVm V>\Vm. \VV,V|A ^ V[ kV[^ >\m >M

]_ D k[. k, km \AT\V c^>V_ V_ kk> k^ |

[. k sam V BVm >V_

V>\Vm. >V_, ]BkV[^ >\m c]BV~\V[ V\V _Vs[ >sl_ D k[

. k^ >\m >k \M>]_ \kV

_m k]_ c>s VkV \VV^. k^ c>s >VKD c>s FkVz VmD

B \VV^. gV_, ckV]V, c>s kDc\BV >VukVB \m \M>D Bm[. k^ \]l_ TxD ku WD,

22 23


15/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

\M>M[ c>s [B\BV> WD \Vzk>V_

>D\ x\BV zD BV \V[.5

]BkV[^ lK^ c\BV >D

B[VD Vm A[. k,k^ ]_ ws>V_, >[ B skV

slKD sKD sm s|[. >uz \VV, ka

D ]BkV]D >VD TV >V_

>\l_ \A >[ kEB> cm,

\[ > m V^[. m

zD m V^k>uz \A t xBD

[>V_ >\l_ > u|] V^[.

]BkV[z \]l_ V|D VB VFz

V>\V WkV kD zg[ k> kaV|D

>mk\V bk>BVzD.

""\KD cz^ V^Vy^. kVVl[

^ >B> wm s|T^; \KD c^ ko\ z[s|D...'' (_[V_: 46)

>V|, J kVs[ B V|D ]

QVt kD kxD ]u V^ k|D.

""[\lKD; B]lKD ^ kVk c>sFm V^^; Vk]KD, \lKD ^ kVk c>s Fm V^ kVD; _VB|^. WflB\V _V |\BV >k[.''

(_\V>V: 3)

ku\D D Vmz k V] u

|mD [>D, k ]B \V>BV *m

ka \V]D K] \|mk>uz k

c>sAD [>D VBD Am V^ k|D.

> ]u V|, \k\VD WBVB c

D ]BkV[[ BV ]_ k >[m V^ k|D. >m > T>D

ku WBD cm fl Fkm _m.

]BV "V[' D \\>B \m, Bkfi>D

Vo D s|, c#F\B um

V^ k|D.

gVD V

\M> >[\, VkD, k gBk _V\

BV ]B V>lK^V \]l_ m ku\

>V[m xBVm. >V, kazD

c zD EB \M>zD \]l_ V|Dc skV^ >VV x\mV u\

km \]\, VkD, k gBkuV_

5.\V|K^ ] ]kVF> \A_ \b\ \A x>[\BVm. k \[\BV,TxD ]\B [MB w>VmD k^ [DV> \[. |m, g*MBV Vk

l_ \uB VVs zkV > VmD tkV V|[. km, mwAD ]BVxDk |mm. \m k>V> k >DF[.

24 25


16/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

ckV [\_. c\ BV>M_, ]B kalK^V

>\z \\l_ szD kz\] ]u

V| Bu|k>V_, >\m Vk>D kB

D \]\BD > xB\V \_V kz

\] m V^D x\Vk x s|[.\M>M[ c\BV J>\V > k^

z skVmV sV>>V_ >\m V

V \A VmD t>V xBVm.

k^ V^D skV^ >mD

sV\V VxBm\VzD. gV_ EB

Vz^ ckV] V>\_, km

[ u V[ \||>|^>VKD,

k^ >\m m A[[ >D g\VkD

BVm c [ \V]D x\BV k

m^>VKD, sB]_ kz c>s FBkD

kD u m V^[. J ksBVV t ] s V|m V m

kVzk>uz V >B km W. ]B kalK^

Vm V]om VzDVm s> \]

t_V> skV_ >\m t ] s \]> J

>\V > ka s|[. k >[

x\BV m, >m m A[[ ]

BD >m kD BVm x\m[ xBuE

>V_ BuBVk m kuB ~ >D. sB

]_ ]BkV[^ >Vu V>V[ FkV^. >

>V_sl[ skV, ]BkV[^ k >zMm,

k\V| >D\ \VFm V^k>V| BkfiD,kkD gB VB >[\z^ sm J

s|[. c#F\ VF s|m.

]B][ \! mD B>V>]mD

\! kal[ \! ^ kD _V

kB kzS^. > VB gV_o VF c

>Vk>V_, c^ \]lK^ |> \M>[

z m|>Vy^. clV \M>T VVm J V^^.

kD zg[ k]K^ QVtz xB B

|mD kl_ cm kVB \m V^^.

""([D k^ >BV[V_) TV VB][D k^ [ sV_ B\VkV (>s|D mfl) [ s|kV^.'' (_AV[:72)

kA ]ltm >Vz>_ kDVm, c^

T| ku\ mm [|k> cm x>_>\BV m^. \\l_ cm >> mD

WlzD. B A JD ]B V>lK^

V km >zMsomD k\V]omD

*| xD. zgMKD `_ (v_) k[

yKD uV _ ko

>|D V>mkD, D, mwA gBku

xz V| kV^. cx^ m

]D [] cm ~\VMB V>[

\^. m c Vm B

s [\z x^>V ]D. fls_ J

sVy^. ""m V[V > kVV E_sB_ s| TVV\_, _Vk ]BVM>_,

V> V[ku_ s|k['' cz^

26 27


17/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

J]om [kVV_, ^ J \

T|mS^. > V]_ ^ >E_ sB\ u Fm A>^SV m

c\l_ ]xB\V>V |D. E V

gm^ W>, kwmz \VV V_ Vbkfl EVF Vk_Akm k uBs

EVm. k, >uV]_ ]B kalK^V T|^>V_, > |D [ V]_, m u

VB\V >[VKD , cm V[V ][

z]B s|km, > EVl[ \ >V[, glD Vz V>V \BVD. _V

s[ ]]B V x[||D uB EBm,

Bm, xB\Vm, xB\um m V xBVm. _Vs[ ]]B V s bD

D ]\V \VVD. VB>

] FB B[|> V>][ >[\Bs>[ JD ]VzD xB\Vm. ]V

zD _Vs[ ]]BVD, B[|]BJV^ c#F\BVD >V_ sB>

k>uV V>^ mD \]AzBkBVkzD. ku zm \] xBVm.

wVD V:

]B kalK^V \]l_ D ku\BVmVV\ \uD c[*m^ V gBkuV_ c

kV>_. >V_ cV V EB \M>

]_ D u\ km >VV \D, >[\

gBkuV_ ckVm\_. ]B kalK^V, >\z~\V[ u >D >V\]mD >[\lmD

cB> VkmD AM>mk> V

>k[. >V_ _Vs[ V>l_ \]

EV V \V[\B >kV B[|]

ku\lKD, flsKD J, >\zD VtB J

mzD t D V]A u|m[. \A]_,

EBt kaz V| D >\l_ u\B VmVzD kEBD c^m. >VD E

VbD c V wV\o>uVD, c

[\ ] k^ zD >kmD VmD

c^ A|>V\o>uVD, k\V]m

\mz s> flxD _Vm , >\m g\

>[\BD zkm s V|>D >\

l_ u\B VmV[. m > k\V

D, mV>[\D V>\V>VD >VKD .

>\m >A B[ m V^D Wt>D >

E\V \D B x \m[

c[| x[k[. > \k\V mwA V\V c\l_ k^ VB [\

m V^k F[.

fls_ ~|| >[ skV mB> sm

VzD ]BkV[! ^ c#F\B wm,

_Vs[ ]V>> k> c^ kVs[

V m[ V_ >kB>V ^

]B yM_ c^V k\VmzD >V_szD c|

]^C^. \V sBKD \\ V> sB

KD, \D VV\D mkxD Vm.

c\l_ k k xBVm. mkxD

VV\D u|k>uV V^ kB[V_,

V V ^ DVmD, BV >s

\_ ^ ]DVmD, VV

30 31


18/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

kl_ E u|DVmD gzD. u|D fl

V\V x>o_ mkD u| VV\l_ xm.[ kBV V m V^k>uV

\M>^ xBuE[. gV_ > kD z[B

>uVo cV_ \M>m _Bu g^ >D ]]|mD kl_ kw xBVm. k,

\M>l_ VB xV| >V[[m. gV_\\lV >M\M>z n k #x^ kfl

VD >VlD \VD _~[D kw

|D. kkVE^ kD >\z kw [\V]_ x\m[ ]]Bk^.6

\\l_ >V|k>uz > >kD Vm.

>V k Vm. >l_ \\l[

kz\] DV]zD ul_ >VD VD

zV>xD u Vm. zV>mz \

BVm. sB]_ VV\ VV|D k uVB^

Ak>V c V ]VzD Bkfi

VkV _m c#F\^ gV_ c#F\B

m uBmD clVxD ]VxD [

> u\ BV> J >VkV VD. _V

s[ ^ *mD vVo[^ *mD k zV>>DVV\BD k>[ JD k c\l_

_Vs[ kD [B xBVm [

>>B >VusV.

> c\B c]|mk>uV DkD:

m x[V^ >VwVk kVkV| \

VV V>V. >k, km kM[

6. >V >om xB\V ^s m. \\l_ xtz n k #x^kflV >V yL_ s|^m. >]B> cZ]BV \M> kV Am V^ xD?

]_: _ kV \M>zD >m >M, WflB\u cV[ c^m. B V[ sV\V^ kmc[ #^ km kVwBVzD. >m cA \uD kAA[V_ k[ >m c sm \V[. k[ >[Vm V[: ""B[ m sz; ]^ m\zk]^.'' \uB AmD clkVD kVEmD Vm km c c\B VmD V]]_.\VV, k km c m VEfl F[. >s>\V>V[, gV_ _Bu t > >]_, kV

xtzD kw|^ gl\VlD \VD _~[D B >M kflVD >V|, kVkzD k #x^ >M k] VmkVk]lom zD. >[ \V>u WBV kVkDk [>D >\m m A[VD, cVD k[ m^ >z]zD >mzD u sm V V[. > VmkV k]B |>kD km sm km _ >kBV V]D u|>Vm. \VV, m km |] wz|>k FD. \M>[ _ \ D [D >DVlKD V^ [D >D k VEomD B[V[; \V> #D |^ VomD kD BV]omD [D V[; km A[^, c^,V, ^, Vm^ km k][ mD [>

s[. > V[>V[ ~_V W> k]KD k[c[ \ fiVB s>VV, \\l[kflVB B >m A[VKD cVKD k >V| sV[.

32 33


19/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

uVBD EAD k x[ _ xl_ c

BV| V>. gV_ k >l| VV\kV _m V]BkV _. l

l_ k V: ""cm > V, k

mD >BxD c^ k.'' Vm k^ kVV\D zV>xD ] kkk> VD

k>VM>VD. [ VD VD:

""AM>>[\D \D W> kVs[ g^

V[>V >D c[> WBD kzkwz[. D ^ m zm VV\

s_. cZ]BV ]BV V \VxD, >BD

V| szxD V|[. AM>>[\D \D |D Vm k k][(Dia-

mond) ]D c^ V m|^ V[

u\Vk.''

>uz k B ]_:

""_ VtkD V \m

]m k]>VD. > m V^k>uV

>V V>^ >BxD \VxD xB\V

>. >[ V\Vk V[ k*m VV\[.

\\B Vfl _KD kal_ V\V z

D >D ] k^m. k

_ k m ]BV VD. gV_ \\lV m mzB g\ V>V \VVD.''

]B V>l_ Bfi FD _BV! ]

B> WV|k>uV B[m, \V\V

s\] xBV> V> VmVA[ \m

_km V[VzD. k_VD \V\V

\VM>> >\m >V^_ \m [ V[

V k^ >\z c>s >k|DVm c>k x[kD

]t ^ zm \flEBk>V| [D

VV|kV^.

_mD, >[\D, [AD

c>sFB x[kD km cB> >D, s

]D, >\BD zm VV\|k>uz

]V ku \flE VV k|D. c\BV

V>mk> kV|D >[\u ]BVt c>s

BV^ *m [ zV>>D VV\D k|D?

m c#F\B wfl F\_kV! ka^

c^ *m t V_V> zuflV| TkV^. c

[ m V^ \V> B[|mV

(flB_ cm ~\VMom \z >\Vm),

\V k V> DV]BmV B[|mV;

VBVKD V^ >|D glKD #||>k*m zV>D KmV [_VD zufl

V|^ kD.

k uVs_ szD [D \flEDkuV_ u|D Am>DAD ss_ Am KA >s|m. gV_, \\ kVsK^ k uVD ,>[ m ]c[>\V VzD, m s>VzzD \]lKD \_V [D sk #VzD. kV xtD >m >su [

sV. k _ > ]\V uB^ Ami| [\ DV]mfl [VV m _ [\V kz \_V [>D \flEBD VzDu >D.

34 35


20/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

> VFV \m |>k *m zuD V|k

>uz x[ cm g\Vk zuDV V^

k>. >V| cm g\Vk s|m, cm Vs[

D W[ k g>>. skV>D AD V>

Q^ kzm^ \BV s]BV[m. >Vkm,""skV>]_ ~||k_ k >m m \V]\

\V ku k|D D >m kV>\ c\

B W k|\D, ]>[ kV>D

VF k|D D ]_ \flEB

VV k ]BV m V^kVkV.'' m\V]

\_, k c\l_ >V_sBV. M_, >B

m[ skV>]_ ku uV_, x[

>z >BV]> sB u V^ \VV.

>V| k V|D \ k >_sBB

V| kD. \Vu\V, skV>]_ >m ]>

kuuV_, k >z >BV]> sB u V^D \B> >sm V^D

xD. k kV>_ k>VV_, ]B> V>o

zD \BV k >m g\Vs[ V> g

]B][ Vl D FkV. >m ]>

[ kV>]_ c\ > V_ > u

>m >V_sB A V^kV.

\>kV]D, ]B kal_ c^VD, kal_ c^

\D, k >|kVD > s]B >\m kaV

BV |m VV_ k^ c#F\B m

V^k^. >V| >D\ \\V >BV|mD

_ kz kuD zD. _V >m

V_, kz km mBD mVB Wlo

mD k]omD *E V|V[.

""k^ "" t #F\BVk[; z u>ku >s > uD z _. WflB\V

B [>k[. y\V Bk[.'' (_V: 32)

36 37


21/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

""V>D V^kV^. \M> ([ zu)D \[Mms|kV. _V (>B) [\

FkV EV[.'' (gK DV[: 134)

flD D: xt[^ \]l_ ckVkmD, E

sB_VD E kmD kl_

sV> ckD ]D kB kV>

VzD zV>xD ckVkmD k>mD a

kVm\VzD. k _VkBV QVmD \uD

V][ c[>\V \M>B][ lKD

VzDVm >M, J \uD gt kVs_ VB

y c| BkBVzD. \V>]_, k

\M> kVk fi|D ] Vk. > c\

>VV^ V D_ g D\V]D VD z|VD.

x>VD DD

]B][ V]_ k Vkfl B_VzD.

xt[l_ sV> ckD ]D

kzD WBVBV \M>! ^ o_ _m

T_ yu [m D zukVD

S^ km V^kVD. > BV Vs c^

\]l_ >V_ > J _m >

T yl| V> c_ k xB[V_, k

k B VsBV V [m cz >D.k ]V ^ kVD mT^. ]_ [m

VsD BV yu \M>D >VKD >

]VD >D

V>mkD

38 39

?

m]zB kM[ V\> V| gD[.

km Aw m] FBV> m\ _.

x>VD z]

ku VD Wu [ABV\VB_Vs[ BV_...

""WflB\V skVE^ (k \ukz) V>.gk, (l| V^D) cB V>l_ \V>V> u|m^.'' (_hV: 10)

""[\D y\D \\V sVm. (g>V_ B!) mt wV>V > V| (y\B) >|m V^TV!Vm kzD c\ztl_ \ >>V kcDxB cu E V_ gs|kV.''

(_Ao: 34)


22/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

J m _V s]zD xV>VzD.

>V[>V[, g[t \M>[ D >FT _

D k> xtM[ g\l_ [>_

| ~\V[, VD, WBV[BD V[ yu A^ zDVm, cz sD>V> k _ J

kV _m km T yl| V>kV ^

xBuEV? ^ fl F>V_ D \VD

\D w> zumz gVT^.

VD DD

\M>M[ Vmk \B\V km V>VKD

\ [m Vk VB\VzD. D BDV_

[AD D ]V c^k. k m >M

>[\^ VmD xBVm. [ c^

]_ ckVzD EV V^ [m km

c^]_ c\BV [ s>>V_ ^]_

\BVm ck\V \V]\ V|D. m

cs[ ck> D. xt[ tk. k

xt[ *m [A k>V|, >m V> xtM

]_ >Vkm y\ V_ \k>\kV. k

*m m swVm \[\BV xl_ ]> xBuEV.

> V>VB `_ (v_) k^ V^:

"" xt[ |> xt[ J[ Vz \_V] Vm.'' (_AV)

B c|B >[\^ km c^

]_ ckV, c\BV > gE F\VV_,

^]K^ [A kD ck\Vk \V s|D. m

>]]mD xm]lmD ck |zD.

]t \M>! sV> cD D V>

xtz k V] u|m[ [>VyV? V>V um|^ Vk s \]BVmD

c \Bs EVmD ^ xu|TVV_

m E\V xV^>\VzD. Vs[ E

V ~\VD c][ \\B V VxD

V][ B EDD [D

V\ k Wu[. gV_ ^ ~\Vz

]V \B k B \M> T xu

|] V sw>V_, \VD ]lKD \\>

]KD Vk]K\ ~||S^.

~\VM[ \V| c^^ u\|k> k

Wum. >V_ >Mmk\V \m >V (

D) >Mmkt J>B k Wum. ^

\uVk[ Bl_ \BVuDVm

k[ B_Vk D ckVk> cV_ \

xBVm; ^ kD x \m[ >]l[

z DVm ckzD l_

V>mk kVfi km. |>k[ _

kVDVm WBV[MBxD AD km.

~\VM[ D cD cz _k kBV

AD >D VD |kDV>mk >VAD V >[; kM[

]V\D V[ kD D l_ c^.

40 41


23/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c^ km V[, cm ]], km

zBk[, [ mD >M> k; gl

V sB^ c^ kzD \V]BVkB.

cm , cm \VD, cm V gBD

[>V[; uV sB^ c^ kzD \V]BVk. cm V\D [. cm \VWD

[, cm V| [; sB^ c^ kzD

\V]BVk. kzD VmkV^ \u

sB^ >Mmk>D, u\BD, [B>D,

[D V>mk kVfiBD t >kV |

m V|[. >V, c\l_ fi][ V^

^ \m z AV> ol_ [V

V[ | u\BVk V|[.

k, > c\ ^ \m, E] k V[

T\V sB m|], xtz ]V

kD sV> ckD BD kkaFS^. cm c^D \m cm BA]

mD VlVsV_, > VtB

Az > k\BV> FS^ [>D >

[At ck > a|mS^ [>D >

V>mk c[ > kDA * m V^T^

[>D m V^T^.

J[VD DD

#B ]B kV|D kD zg[ k>

\B\V km VzDVm,

""[D (Vk>) \B ({ g\VkV)m\uV[[ Vkfl \Bfl \Vm.'' (_[gD: 164)

xt]V ]AkD BD

k>Vm, kD V|D m uA

D B \ms|, km >B

m|] > uA^ >D D Fk

>VzD. m \VD ]D . mV ^ [D

x[ [ > xt[[ yB > V\V,

cm lKD kKD km csD

m sVV_ kD \ku zg[

k][ l_,

""WflB\V \M>[ >kw] ] Bx^k[.''

(VD: 34)

^ t \V\V Vk\V[D m*

D F> zumz gVT^. >V_ Z][

m V>D [m c

[. l_, ""V[ [ kal_>V[

['' cV_ Vu xD?

]B][ V]_ VzDVm, \l

mD m yzmD V^ >D\s_ yV

kB. k ]BV \ V[k. >

V>kV _m |kz \VkV xBVm.

gV_ k yVku [Vk]om u> x_|mk>[V_ m k sBD. [

c]fl FD uA^ [ V[ V\Vk.

42 43


24/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

ku |>k *m fl FkmD AkmD ku[

>VauV|_ W[D c^kBVzD. " M[ [

'6 [ w\VaD " V\V ^

E|[' [ kxD \u E>lo>

u|>.

k, ]t \M>! k>V[ ]B][

V\[V_, ]B> >kV Am V^D

gu_ cD c^>[V_, zu\u VmkV

xt[ *mD km z|D][ *mD B zkm

k VB B_ [> Am V^T^.

V[VD DD

>M kVs[ l_ V>VKD m Vk

\V>. > V[VD D]_ BV|D kD V[z

s]zD s\|^:

x>VD s]: cm V>D mD BV>

^ V_, ""m V> BVmD EVm\VzD''

k>uz cz c\ m. gV_, ""m

V> \V]D>V[ BVm'' cz c\

BVm. \W^ z V xBV>

\Vk zD. Vx^ m |

D k V|D.7

V>l[ l_ VzDVm, cm

]BV ]A|> m ] y\VD |zD

yVkV, |> xtM[ V>B _KBu>V

gzD yVkV xBVm.

VD s]: ^ D mD BVk [ cz c\ c^m. gV_ >uV >>

m c\D kl Vm. M_, #F

\Bu m[ c\z s\|V -m

V >VKD B- > xuKD xV

s>]_ s sZ>D ss |D.

J[VD s]: ^ \ VV g|k>V_

x>o_ cm c^]K^ \ cz ]V

Bu| > sB^. cm q_

D\VV (y\B #|D g\V) s[ ]BV ^.

>[ zV> csom c mA F^.

M_, |>ks t ]\V V] mk

cz u|mm. VB\> cm c^][

V\V |> xt[^ *m \B ^ TVy

^. [D ^ \ VV g|k>V_, V

D V]kV]D V\V c^. k^ *m c^

B TVD. [A Kmk>[ ]V\V kV

[A z\V kV \ Kmk>[ t

V>\V ]V\V \B zD. cm

]B >Vu VV_, km \B [V_

k_K^. M_ ^ \B V| ]_

>Vz>_ F>V_, k k kBV >Vu

VVKD, k >m c^]_ kB k>V| \ km c^]_ sVBV m

V zD. gV_ ^ _ xl_ ]>V_,

6.""]l[ ] ' [ kV>D uV]_ BtV_ckVm V. (\VaBV)

7. \Vk]- > m[BV ky[, 10; ykV[ _V~- 91

44 45


25/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

k \[MA k cm V \V sVD. >

k[ sD >V: BVk BV ]

V_ k czBkV s|k. gV_ akV

k BV ]V_ k flE FkV.8 >Vkm,

BV > xtM[ >M BVD ]>m wmz ]V flE Fm cD

kV. >V[ >V[ k kBV l_

V\_ m VVKD k ~\VMB \M>[ [ k

l_ BVk. E_, ^ \M>

Vm, ""^ _k, ^ _k'' ]D

]D V_ k _kV \VVD. >V_

_k Vm, ""^ k, ^ k''

V_ k kV \VVD. kD zg[ k>

k\V ^. > >FT kV>_ \flE

zD VmVAz\V s]^ V]m^.

""([D k^ >BV[V_) TV VB][D k^ [ sV_ B\VkV (>s|D mfl) [ s|kV^.'' (_AV[:72)

V[VD s]: sV> ckD \BD

kV >\m g\VzD >\m ~\VMB V>zD,

[ _Vs[ zD kDA * ywm

V^[. >m sV> c, gBkuV

>m g\Vk V_VV> mBmz gV V^[. >m ]zD >Vkm kz\]BV _m cBkV

m ^s| kz Bm >m c^>

m[A] V^[. km VV\l[ s

kV ck|]>V_, m[\V |\V\V k>

>B>V zD. M_, VV\ [m x>[

x>o_ VV\ V^k *> g>V s

u|mm. VV\ V^|k *m >V_

u|D gm zkVkV _m [\ _V>

>VkV zD.

VV\zB \m: >m VV\ cflEB

#|D D[ >s] xB Vm [>VV\V # V|D. Vm k, >m

]lx^ wzD xD >sD z[ \||

> WBu >uVo km^ [> Am V^

kV. ku[ VV Vu\Vk. gV_ k u

|mD ]BV t Bm. _m DM>D V|D

EV VtB AD >kVkD km k

*m VV\ V^k>[V_, k VV\ V^

kB A^ _ [> >kV Am V^

k|D. A km VV\ V^D k

[_ BkfiV V _m D \M>[ u

VB VwVzD Bo_ ~||kV V. _VsV_ VV\ V^|k BkfiV |

kz ] w xu|kV V.8.x>: _c >l ykV[ >l- 387

""^ \[Mm (>) V|>VmD s|s|,V>^TVl[, (m cz [) WflB\V

_V Vk t \[Mk[; t Bk[.'' (>VA[: 14)

46 47


26/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

>m xtM[ mB]_ g>\D _m

km []_ mB\D k _Vs[ s]z

]Vk Bu|V. M_, _Vs[ uV

[B kz k u|[. _Vs[ s]

]V Bu|D k >m x[ uB _o_ m cm V^k VD, _Vs[

B >FD k >zD m V\_

>|kV\ V.

V[ \] _V> \z ]V

\V kD \]BV kD BD

V|> >kV \VE u V^

xD? V> xoD cz E yz

w>\BV_ k x\BV c> >^ xBVm.

>uV V^ k:

[: km >l_ _Vs[ s]z

m. x>o_ am > \]]

[ u V^^. M_, m _Vz

cB>Vlu!

|: \M>B g\VsmD >VMmD

zD ]_ c^. kuD am s|^. km

c^D kuV_ gt|^m | k *m [A

V, k >V Fm *D k km ]BVV\_

u V]^.

J[: ^ | V^V> _m | V^sDV> cm >M zV|^ *m VkBfl

Km^. >uzD z]B am s|^. [

*]^ z]B, \[MA JxD Vm V^>_

JxD >[\ JxD ]>V_, WflBD ^

cm ]B VV]_ k\V ku V^k

>V|, D Vk]omD g]omD VmVA

T^. gV_, >uz ]V, V>lK^ kkD D Vm kVBm V, D

\]Bu WflBt_V> >uVo\V u c W

_VD V >Vz>_ J\VD zV>D J

\VD kV>D t k[ J\VD ]_ V|

>V_, m ]ys m*KD V> >

]BV>x\VzD; D cm ]D _

\Vm W>\V kVw k>k^ [> V_V\_

V_S^.

^ c EkV >V_, kfi yzD

\D akVzD zV>xD c^ c^]_ OwB

D >Vy^. k Owm sV_, ku[

z BVy^. ]B> |m^

V _UVL k> k>VM^: ""c\Vm

skV>]_ ~|| m V^ B \]

kVB>>_.'' gD, V^ amVB>V_ m

\]Bu [>V[. c[ B>V> WB mk[V_,

c[ u skV^ k EBmD \]umD

[> s V^ xD. V UVL \KD

V: ""| sB >kV Am V^k]

cmD \WD\] >^m. [

>[\BV| >_, ]B V\BV| \[M>_.''

^ V_: [V_ mD FB

xBVm. z^B \ c km^m.

48 49


27/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

[ VJ|kV V|>V\om

\VzD.

]_ m>V[: yB AD \VVkxD >\m

mz> k VV\_ >V_, ^ m[ BuV]>V_ c^ *m ymD

BVm. cm |V * yBz^ c

BV\ kBVk>V_, ]_ z V xBVm.

cm TD zD D|, k

V> >^ [> \\V ^ u V^k>Vm

k >VD _VsD wV >|km

\VzD. >[ JD ku[ yBsom ^

VmVA T^. [V _V, k[ c

VmVV[. c\l_ sBD u VD mk>uV

VD, >B Vk\[MA > z|mk>u

zD, BV]om wBV> m V|k>uzD,\ BVm>V[ |mV|k> >|>uz

\BVzD.

kM> sBD: >k, >kV c^

\V Q k, >m VV EB_ V^

V\V >m ]>K^, >m EB_ V^

[ c[V> \uV \V Q >V\VV

s\Em V> k>VM>[. >k

>m EB_ lK^ V k \flE

VV V|D >V. EBo_ ~||k>V_

u|D > E\V sk | ]B>[.>[ z, "">VMtmD EBoomD _V

sD VmVk_ >|[''( )

BkV > >om EB s|D

m V[.

n>VD DD

kV> zxD E sB_VD E >KDJ kVs_ t \V\V V]A u|> Bk.

V_: m cD\][ \]lK^

{ VzD yL_ km^m. k >[ m

>ku E >VzD.9 E km VF [V]D, WBVBD w|D V\ \z ]_

[\^ c^. k cBz WBVBVtm

m *|m. ][ _m V\][ cBz] [ T\V V\ \ km

c\ VD. fl>]_ E^ >V_

V\^ >Vk>V ElD [ BD > >D

\ VmVm V^ xD. m^ [V[\VmDVmD, m ku\^ kzD VmD>V[

c\BVm >m xks_ k|m.

]_:

^sl[ x>_ z]z \m ]_ k\V: >yL_ zm V|D m ku\BVm V>

9. , >Vt, >t V[ >_ \u y T\V> V|m. "_\g o_ V' D>]_ m |>V V|^m.

VEB > k >_ u |D. gV_ k\z s_. -vV[ VLD _vVoN, \u o[A \VaBV- \] sz _>Ll["]vV i _zV' D V.

50 51


28/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

\V m ku\BVzD. kV >D >\m V^B VD FB xBuE[. mku\BVm|> >m V^ DFm a xBuE>uz ]V kVk

D >\m z ym ]] kfl FDxBuEl_ k ~| #|m. V>\V mku\B \u y xuV WVm. M_,E >D m D am V^k>D zsm. D z_kB >DV]VV_ V>\V Bu xBVm.

VD z]z \m ]_ k\V: E k>Vm ]B> >VzD zVVkM_, m WBVBtw|kVm Ao\V \BVD. gV_, >uV]_ xlK^ E ^ _VD VVkD WBVBVz >fiD V| Bk

BV\ \m^. m >z E\V \V^>[V_, >B VV E _ ~|zD kD V km k cuV|] g>k>V_, > VV k V]V! >V, AM>\V \M>[ D\M>M[ ]>_ BVuV_ k *m V> kkw V]V.

J[VD z]V \m ]_ k\V: ]lmD]B]mD BV_ m ku\ u|\VV_ mkax V> m ku\BVk V|D. zVD D V>\_ >Vu\zD. >B ku\BVm ]B][ kV

z]BD >kV k|] V ]BD ]B>D WV|k>uz \s_ c>s AD. gV_VV E slom ck|zD m

ku\BVm, Vt VBD >uAwD\B\V km > [VzD. ]om kBkm]B][ u^ _. k o[ AVzD. zV^ u\ >V\Vm>V[. gV_,

k V[ ]\BV m^ tl[ >kVV]KD [ zsD > V xBVm. k ]B> >|D V_ ku\V>>V_, k xV ]fl Fm *|D [k xBV>

m, \V km s|[.

\V k>VV_: ""_VVk E>_,

_VVk V>_ _VVk yA

_'' (_AV, >V) [ AM> s]B >m kV

kaVBV V^VsV_, flD s\ >[

skV ck|zD. "_VV V>_'

Vm, "_VVk y>_' \V]D

\u s]x V\o>V_, ]B WV k |zD xBuE ]l VF xD.

>B xB WkV[: vFl]V

o (a) k^ >]_ >m ]BVk

>l_ T] k xBuE>V^. Vm ]

o (a) k[ x]_ ct>V. k xB[ k

^ D\M> B s| sV^. flBV_

gflB\> D\M>[, ""^ [ [ V

FBs_?'' >uz o (a) > ]_: ""V[

cD\ k xBuE>m _VVk. gV_

ctw>Vm cD*m z VD um. V][V\V cD\ kl>V_ m V][ #F\

| s|D. k W] V[.'' >uz cm

52 53


29/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

\VD k #F\BVV_, c\l_ m ]B

\V\BVzD'' [ > WVV V.

\uV DkD: >k ]] ]M[

> mzDVm V][ BV kVV. [\Vl> V[ ]BV gE

BV > [ > ]]B km >slo

m sV. M_, Zg > WV|D

Vz[ >B k Wkul>V_

> k[ g\V *m >V\ uzD.

VmzD zD \VWlB

k D\M>M[ > m]V. gV_ km

c^D D\M> *m VD V^ k #B>V_

>m c #|>Kz \| >m ] KmD

V_ >kwm sV.

] k >D J WkxD, J kVkg]_ gmD VB VD. m VtB

c^> s| wfl Fm: WB ]

>D\ >VkDVm, >\lK^ c^T|

D, xV|D, flED \m ku

AD ms|, Vm ]B ]V^k>uV

{ ]D w\Vm EV J s]BVzD.

s]B V \^ Vm km^.

>VD VtB l_ ~||VD Vu

V^kVz [ >m? VomD ]

z^ [[ [ [V > km \m cD\>

>VzDVm, k^ >\m kD zV>>D #m V|, kV>m[ ]z D \m

V|zD kBB F[. m k\VxD

VxD W> B_ \V]\_, VtB J

\A]V AB|D mVx\VzD.

E] kzD DkD: V[ D VV

V]]_ [V[ \ VV|D z^>. k^ B l_ ~||

VD Fm V^kV^. fl_ nDmzD

\u c^ >KD V_>.

gV_, k V]V LV[ _m >V[

V[k Vz ]V l ]|

k>V_ V[ V]>fl >V, >\m c^T|

kD BD \m ]B xV| >|

{ ]^kV^. ] x\BV sB|D k

u\[ VV|kV^.

~\V[ Vk! ~\VMB V]> >VBa

>uV > ] V]^ t^ [mcz >\V? uzD \u ] z^

\B>fl u^ k^ V[ _V

]KD Vm Wu[. k, ~\VMB z^ >\

l_ \m [[ > |>m |mD

kl_ { ]|, >D\ >uVzD kl_

~| k|D. >\m VV EkD

zV>>D \B\V V| |, VtB

z^ ] |s >Vzk>uV kVl \V

]m V|m ~\V[ V \z V>B

BV? kaD V]D, VD

V mz \u ^ |D. kmD c[ m B>D m[

>D c^ *m w, VD, EmD

54 55


30/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

mkmD >D V][. k[ >Vz>

K]V cm ]t g>xD BxD VmVAbD VtB V>mk> >s kmD

BVm. k, > VtB u m ku\

D xV|D VF VV km cAkm \VEzD VtB [zD > \Vu

\Vm [> u E]m V^; c^ z>k| >m V^^!

`_ (v_) k[ y[ ] V_

>V_, qBVM10V[ yz W> \M>^ >V[, WVVV \]l_ VflkV^. xt[zD

B \M>zD l_ s^ s, ,xV|^ >D >\m B[V B[|

mkV^. tl_ Vk VtB cD\>

\|k>uz k^ E B >V

VmD!

~\V[ V \! ^ a>D \mk]

om VmVA sDV_, cm z>kV| E]m, kD bz^ >fiD Azm s|^.

""WflB\V skVE^ (k \ukz) V>.gk, (l| V^D) cB V>l_ \V>V> u|m^; ^

_Vz BmD V^^. k[ cz^AkV[.'' (_hV: 10)

>[ JD c[ T >z kV B[

|] WBVBD w V|D WBVBVMtm Vm

VA VD. _Vs[ c VmVkV _mcm c\ u V^kV cV_ xBVm

VFs|D. T^ \_>D ADVm Ek[l_ Owm k xD [> V

VVD. >VE_ D \ W k>V_, E _ ku[ \Wl_ >V> u|]

[ cBD |>> >VwD FBVD. k, ~\V[

V \! cm D E sD cm> V\V^>[ skV EB >V

VKD ^ >V_sBB |D. cm J u\

l_ E>kD cz gl>V_, kD yv

kV kaVBV |m V^^:

""xt[^ c]BV > V[k^. >[ VD |> V> >V WuzD.'' (_AV )

>V_, D\ \\ k\V]omD aso

mD ^ VmVA T^.

gVD DD

\D zV>xD km g[t kVkD k

kaV|D VwV s|D. M_, k km

~ kuz BV c^ c#F\B E>m

s|[. VV \M>[ uVB^ Ak]_ >m ]Bs >V[ cBkV Wl k|

\ VV\ V^k>V_, kV_ _Vs[

?

10.qBVM [m xoD^ \]l_ uV]_ >V[D>V_ V[ \V z>VzD. m >VVx[sA^ y_ km^.

56 57


31/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

]]B V Bu xBVm. k yA kwzDVm

>m Elz VVk yA kwzkV. V|_

kV_KD >m El VVk m V^kV.

k, kV_ ] K> xBVm. gBV_, D

zV>xD m [>mD Vc#F\, ] gBku VwV s|D.

s DD t EVk. D ku

m[ V^VD. M_, ku s

|mk>uV D mk_.

VD z]

ku VD Wu [ABV\VB

_Vs[ BV_...

""WflB\V _V k[>V[ (BVkzD) t ckk[; xBk[; c]BVk[.'' (>VBV: 58)

V! VBVm >V_s \V[\, _B[

\VW, k\VD gBkuB V| kD. i

xD kxD u|k>uz VB V\V \m.

R> JD B Js ]\V V m

c_ m ]>m. >V_ kz uaD kx\ > c\B c]|mk>uV

>kV g>V\VzD. VBVm clkVD m

AKD >m yB V]A u|mm.

fi][ t B KD tfl EB KD

> VVD. >uz \Vu\V, _Vs[ *m >m

skV VAflVs| x xBuE Fm >m

gV> > V^kz \WD\] >V|,

>[ _ >VD tBzD ]ozD.

cl^, flm >kBV AV w\

D >VkD \]]BV| >\m _

k[ Wu[. k >u\BVm >\m skV

_Vs[ \_ Vs| >VB ku

[ c ku >fl _m. k ts

]\V [D ~[|[. >uz \Vu\V,

tV >\m ck > V m m

][. lmD, ] imz \]l_

zBVk ck u V^[. t c

V>\_ [ BV s>]_ V]B

c m. M_, k >\m T>D

BV\BD _VsD \m k[ *m >kz_

km xBuE F[.

gV_ VB VV V[ T\V

t^ *m VFm >\m F>| xBuE FD

"">BV V^- k >^ ckfl \m]k]_. _Vk kuzD czD ckV[. k[ skVD [>kD gkV[.'' (29:60)

~\V[ V \! \ >B V]A

u|mD [> Vm ^ sl^.\ V[ VtB kVk azD [V

VB VF > m V^^. m>V[

58 59


32/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

w]V_, ] i][ [ { ck u

V^[. VB km >k^

V\_ >Fm. >V_ _Vs[ *m

>kz_ km \ ]][ xBuE Fk> _V

s[ ^ kwz[m.

\M> c_, R> B Js ]\V

V V| c u m^>V|, c kVs_

ys k[ J^ J\VzD. gV_ cw

A[ k^ DV]zD k \Vm, sV>

\V V>VzD. >[ *m >uVo\V c\ VV|D

R>z zD V Vu\Vm. >

sV> _k]V_ kz >_VD kxD

k\VxD >VD k^ *m m \M>tm

km sD Vx\VzD. V k\V>D w

\ V|k\[> m >kV |m V|m.

VV[ D imz^V V\V c>V

VVD. "V \Vu>D D i>

\ >D' [m cVsB c\BVzD. c\

mk[>V_, ^ _kD > gV_, V

B mm, \]][ xBuE F^, m >VV

\V km zsD, [V _V.

\]]^ kzD VVz\V

c>VD, >B >E>uV km >

\mzfl [ \M> V[m. ]_

k >z^ V: ""> [ c^ _

\] >>V VmD. z>D klK^ zom VmVA VD. >Vk>V Jl_ [

cVD k V_ m z zD VzD.''

V\k[ k>V| >[ VV[. _V

D >z VB\V \BV> FB k|\ b

V[. ""z ] xBmkx^ ] gD >

k|D'' ]V>kV \]_ Owm, ]

xBmkt > |m ] ]m V]V[. gV_ > > \][ \

]V k wm xBt_V> >VkV ]_

\fl FV. k]Vz [ Kmk>uz ]V,

k*m V\m >m c^>s_ ] yV.

>[ JD D\M> >BB A|]

sV.

x>_ \M>V t kV \]_ Owm

>VkV ]_ \m V^V. km gD\u

Vz \]VB \w km. k wm

xBmkx^ ]_ \fl FV. >[ skV

k \W k>V| ]\]D [D Km

V.

Vm V^. > c\Vm ku V[

Wu [ABVm > \D. fi][

\uVm km BV_ s k

t sm \ V[m. ]K^ _k >>B

gVD ^D > >\BV

u z|>|^. kVVm kk

>z]u g_ \^ \ k|D [>D

V|m.

\KD tfl EB sB_ V >m yB

z> kV|k> k>VMVD. c>V\V,

60 61


33/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

\M>M]_ flV^ fl V_, ]_

V[ >[ flzD flV k k

V. k V|D \V. gV_ \]BV

fl k *m >VD V s>V| V|

V. m _V \M>D > sBD.

kV c>V> k>VV_, {s_ ^

W]V^ >k xBuEmD W] ks_

B km V^kVD. Vm ^ V>\V W]

V^D \VWB kkwm VV_ W]

kVD. \VV, ^ V V|, W] kV, W]

kV >u V>V_ m x\BV c

tm sufl [ s|D.

\uV c>VD. ^ xB sB\V k

] V]S^. gV_, k [D km

s_. ^ V, k [D ks_ >u\>V_, WflBD ^ V\lwm s>

s|D kB s|T^. k Vu ][ [

k kms |D. >V_ > s cm

xBuE TVm \V]\.

k mz\V VD >V: VB

\>|>uz, kB cm l|, k

Fm, >VMB> k B]>V_ m \VkV

k|D. [ \Vk k Fm cl_ |

[ m VBVzD. > \V]>V[ c[

kV sB>D z|mk>u \]BVx\BV[ _Vs[ QV>V_ s]|^m.

k, k >u>VKD VBVKD c>| >

\]BV x\B ]u V^Vm VB\Vu

sw>V_ k [_ skV _m >m

m V^ xBVm >V_sBkV.

>m V m >|k]_ xJflV >u

, c >|D Vl_ V>R|^

V>! VBVm V]D ak\ >

>D. zDVm [ ^ VBV_ #

| > >\V VB_VD ~||S^?

[ VD-V_ V\_ _k> V

[ m ]S^? >[ JD cm \\

B_kV VwVm? cm V V\V V][

>V #_ [V vV> s| s!

vV [m kzD a c| m]i

> VzD ]^ [! vV> K>Vm

_k> mkm^ km > vV >V

k kal_ >Vm VVD. [_ > Bu

kBV[_ s|kV _m kV m]iD

> ktm mfl _KD.

x>VD cV u V> n>VD

kD { V[ \Vu k [. ]_

kD ^s [MD m: ""xoD cD\>

>uVm V]m^ M, V^ wA, clwA^

gBkuV VD [?''

V[ s_ > ]_: ""\z _V kwB _

k]_ Ekuz ]_ [D k Ekuz Vu]_ [D |^V[. V|]>V_ kB

kM[ mgsom VxD B]VD; ]AD

62 63


34/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

D V kVm >|zD. gV_

\m V V V\V vV V| \m s

VD. k, _V \zfl V>\V Vu]om

x>D \zfl V>\V ]om D |m

sV[.''

""k[ kV kxD \V>D V[A zD

\z sV[. ]_ m s> V[^ c^. gV_

V\V \m c^k #|D g\V *m >VD

V > \flEt V[ >Vus_. k,

_V \z nm k MB >m >>V[.

m m k k \z^ u|]Bm.''

"" V[ m V[z \ ]_ \

> s| >FT kzV >Vl_

~||D _V \z lV[. m >D

D cuV>D g[\ ]]BD >k_m. gV_ \mVDo[ V\V > Am sVD; \uB

m J[ \[ m >D T

>VD. \m >kV V\V >VBs

\V >V xBV> k>x^ culuEB _V

>>V[.''

[ V[ mlm E]m V>[. >

s_ >V c\ V]m^> m V

[. vVV [ m n>VD kV>l_ Wk

|^m V[, zgMB VV| T V

m[ | Vl_, \M>m J kVs[ m|D WD\]lwAD | Vom

[:

[: m kl WDB z, |>k MBV_

>V_ [?

|: k F, ]om V[ V|[.

> | t >\ k ][>DvV> s|D w>D clkVwfl F[.> B J VB z|>^ ka vV>

cVsB Wk\V WVfl FkmD VB

kB x\BV >Fkm\VzD. vV [m >MzD z JmzD \V]\_, x

\M> JmzD >V>D >D V|k

k_m. \M>^ kzV c^. [ \_ kz. |>m Vm\^. \_ kzm c^_

Vm\^ *m BD >VV z>D k

>uz > vV>V_ \V]\ xD. vV \

|sV_, cB kz Vm\^ *m _fim[ zx BV kVFA cVzD. >V_ Vm\^ \_ kz *m zV>mD

mkmD >m VFkV^. >VflEBV flkD kzztl_ mV>

B\ VVD. ]l_ iBVs_ k>m

V[, x>V->VaV kzlV VVk m kzD.

>[\D _ \flVED c^ \! >VV

\xD ]> \xD >k! vV D Wk

][ BV_ VV ^ V sV_, m

J[ yBs u|mD. vV> ^ _Vs[ BV_ kwVsV_ ]_ > >VxD Vm.

\Vu\V, c^ *m^ VB \B >V

64 65


35/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

\V w\_ ]m k cz s FB

k|\ ]VS^. >[ JD > wl[ mg cz ]om >Fm V^S^.

wl[ mgk _V s>V| u V^kV[.

c\BVk ^ _V >gVs[ _k>Wk WBt|^ { ]VB >s k_.

gV_, c fl_k][ V>V ^ ]V_, cz kw _kmz [ K>V>

[ \>kVk >|T^. >uz ]V,

_Vs[ BV_ ^ \xkm vV kwV_,>uzB [\ >V|, _V B _kmz

[ K]BkVD gT^. > w c^ x[

\ c[ W[ fiE >k Vm.km >[\VxD V]Vm. k cV |D

mgD |D. kuK^ s]BV> k>V

M^. A]_ zD Az\V V V|

>[ JD Bkfi]mD, >uAflElmD, VkV \|mk]mD yB s DV]S^. \A]_, V V|zD _ BB

D FS^. gV_ vV][ BV_ #B m[ V|]V VB \B W

ku, [\D u V^k>V| c#F\l[

cBWB m, vV]om B>V[ mgkD u V^S^.

""k^ "" t #F\BVk[; z u>ku >s > uD z _; WflB\V B[>k[. y\V Bk[.'' (_ V: 32)

BV _V! \m >k xD\ (v_) k^ *m

cm [D BD VakVBV. k^

V^:

"" xt[ |> xtz c]BV >

V[k. >[ z] |> z]B |mm.''(_AV, xoD)

\KD V^:

""\WkVm VmD aBV> V\VzD.''(_ , qR])

\KD km z|D] *mD >Vw^ *mD V]

\V>VD VkVBV!

66 67


36/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

k AzxB _Vs[ BV_. kM[

Aw m] FBV> m\ _.

vVV [ >>VD kV> [ z]l_

x>_ [>V c^m. >[ ^ x>VD ][

x>VD z_ AD km uB BV zg[kD u skV gVB|^m. AD k>

>sm V^ D > k][ kaV ukV AD k>VmVD [>uV g

uA>\V ka^ u cBV|^m. AD _[m zgM[ V]_ k k>

B_ s|^m. k, >uz\KD k

sD >kl_. c\l_ zg[ >m WV |]B [ k szB

>\V _m >kBV _.

AD k> zg[ gs>\V V|m:

""skVE! >kV ]_ DVVku^ >sm V^^. (M_,) WflB\V ]_E Vk\VzD. (kB zD) ^ ms mssVm VD kVD. c_ E Eu AD D kVD. c_ k >m V>M[

\Vt> (k m) k\VlzD Wl_ AE sDAkVV? Vm > ^ km s|T^. [D^ _Vz Bm V^^. WflB\V _VVk*EB tz]BV uk[; t Bk[.''

(_hV: 12)

>V|, > zg[ kD > Vk> Ak

g V |D fl Fm >|m.c\l AD E V> \M> sam

EB kD kD s> V>m.

k][ gD]_ kD A >V DvV (

)

^s AD >VMl_ \m^m kzD>D. ^s AD >VMBVm km _kmV_ k][ mfl Vuz^D mfl

[, kV V_KzD \] sD [ u

V|m.

k, x>Vkm V_ >m DvV JD m: "">D guKB \ cD_BV? >V_, flBo[ ED WflBD

cz slz\!''

Vkm kV>BV, ""sDASV?'' m:

""[A _m u|zD \V cm c^D,] kAzB sB> Ez\ \Vm

s>V?''

m c>D Em VzD

_V _V AD.

AD >_ >VV x

6968


37/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

J[Vkm kV>BV, ""c_ E E u''

m: ""cm V\> J VAz[ >m? J kVk fi azD B

m m^>!''

V[VD kV>BV, ""\Vt> c'' m:""cm \VM c VFsm? cm k

_ V| cm V| sz^V[ V\V aS!''

n>VD kV>BV, "">m V>M['' m:

""cD J ckV _m V> c^ *m >V\V BV>V? V>mk>VKD k c xV

KD c[ m^ >V\V kM[ \Vt

]_ cm _ OwS? > V ]BV>][ JD cm _V_ cm kBk

B m V^S^ [> AB xBV> A]\ VFs>V?''

gVD kV>BV ""\>'' m: ""cm

\VE ? m \]D wm, V>M[ \Vt> k\V xl_ c #|\

cm B_A |\BV s>V?''

\u k>D >[ kV V_D |\V>\V VzDVm, k# _, AD_ gB

c^mzD, zD, \M> BmzD, \VEzD

J czD V>V> EVzD [m

>kVm.

zg[ AD g uA>\V ka_ V|k

>V|, g uA>\V ka_ >|m W>D Fm

[> ^ s V^VD. AD_ [m zV>xD kV>x^ VV\V[ akV g>\VzD.

>[\Vx^ >kV \M>D > E\V g>

> l_ | \VV. _ \M> >kV: ""AD _ [m m Wu ]VMBu m

zx^ Tm g>\VzD. > V| VmD m ]B \B k \V[.''

AD_ [m k st_V> [ k

u k>VzD. m c\BVVKD m A\

BVzD. gV_, m c\ _BM_, k#VzD. m

t VB Vk\VzD.

E z >_ AD_ \]

|m.

[: y\B >|m ]B WV|D V_

]VlD xl k u|DVm.

|: k cz w\V [Vk[

m BVu ]t|DVm cD gV

> kV. Vm ^ s> B V

t[ k>k[ [] c^ VB> VD.

""k[ |fl km cz V>\V \D''

>uV WBVB>D s xD.

J[: k k\V|mD _m zuD V|D

VVk[, \^ >m V^k>uV \V]DVD. ""> \D zwDB > J[ [ [

_VD VF k]V'' [> V.

70 71


38/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

V[z: k VB[. >m VB

zufl B_^ u k > zMBVm, VzVzfl

V_o, ]_ \flE |, \Bm ]k[ >m

zu> \Vk AV[. k u VD.

kVV z >_ ADk>uz

\]|. gV_, m Bm[ >\V ]

B> k>uVD J VD

k|D. k >s> >_ |D A\Vm

sz B A az\V, B u

B am s|D.

k \uVk ADo_ ~|>V_ _m

>m V >uz s\|]>V_, c, ""BV

_V V[ F> flBKV [ \[Mm s|

kVBV'' V]>V|, D\M> V_ k

xD \[MA k|D.

>VD t[oom:

_V >gV >m k_\lmD ~_V lmD ]lmD V\V [\BV VBz

c ]V>D yB BKz c >BD km^V[. k[ km^ c >uo- [\F>kz B k [> QV

|mD g[\ ]]BVzD. km c >-

B> QVJ|D |\ t \k>BVzD.

c>V\V, xt[lV [Vm

VV> _ D\VzD. >^ g[* ]], \s>_, \\] V[ c^|^.

k mD \\l_ szD ] Z]BV

kz\] QVmz V| k[. > [>>\m \_ _VD cVD.

c>V\V, xt[lV ]AD x

V|D km \VEB >V, g\Vz >V

c#F\, V>mkD >VV

vVV [ k z]_

km^ zA^

72 73


39/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

xBV> V\V \B V|m WD\]lwfl F[.

> V >kz \V sm^[. xtV V>[ V[ \ VV V

>[. m m c^> kV k>> sm. mm yBBKV >>V[ >\ cm

V[.

\KD c>VmV, \BV>z >z]BVkz \

BV> V|m, [A >kBVz [A V|

m, kz c>s Fkm mD EV uB

^. >V_ zD g[\ ]]D \s>

WD > \[\BV>[V_, k k k

[> V[>V []_ l]fl Fm.

k \u uVBV >m clB ]BVD

FB m\ k k^ \BV>BD

ckD >Vus[. >m zw> *m D

VB>V_ >VFz zD g\ ]]D cD >m zw>V >m clB ]BVD FB

#|D. >m zfi >V k> B ]m Wuz

\ mk D Va, t c_ >uV E>

>V |mVVzD. xD \BV>D { c

] V| kD [> ]om Am V^

xD. Vkx^ >^ > >kV c

[. k>V[, > mt c[>

k^ B xm.

\KD c>V\V, VlKD T sB]KD

[\V > c^m. m kz > k>> u|m\[V_, k \ cflKz c|

xD xV| FD \WlB V|kV;

k ]Az^VkVk V|kV. >V_,

VV\lKD zV>]KD c^ c >BV>M_, ku V|^km c^> yBV_

k kV k>m VzD. \WsKD_Vs[ *m >kz_ km Bu|k]KD zD

c [ JD \k>D k\BV_ kB

|D sB xD.

\KD c>V\V, kxD \VAD k *m

V\V \ \m[. M_, kx^ \M>

_VxD \BV>B ]VV. \^ k> >kBVkm F>V_ k >V mB>V_

V]|kV. M_, \BV> V| x\VaB| kV xBVm.

\KD c>V\V, , D, >V\ gBku

KD \flE>D [^ c^. k k >uA>|D \ cfl_ t V]om VmV[.

\KD c>V\V, V \V[\ \uD xD

W V>\Vk sBVBVD FD >lKD _ { c > c^m. "">VBk

>V|kV'' [m Vm s]. |>k^ uB _

D kV>V, >\zD _D Vm[> ]u V^|D. >m VtB V>M[

B_z >kV s\Vz, km BK

zD >kV s\ zD [mD >V_ >s |D [mD c\B.

[D VD. uBD yB BD \uV_ V| xD. k m V^.

74 75


40/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

vVV kVm Wm V|D

zgMB uA> Vm kVEm Vm V

Vz > g[\ Wk V| k|\D,

k^ yB zV_ >V Vm D

t _VsD \[V|[. k[ VB> zD.

][J[VD t[oom:

J kVk \V|mD >VMB >]D [^m.

>Vkm, xtMD yBwD [>V_, kmm _ wD m Vklom \m

s|m. > >VMB >]> D^ \Bu

\M>^ kV zV| V\V xt[ xuVk[. D, z> sBD

BV>M_, _V >gV [\ y\ xuKD

BV EAt mV>_ WzDVm, kmy\z \VK^ [\ k> yV[.

>V_ y\ ]V]o>V_ >uu yV[. y\V ^ sBV]>VKD, y\

BV Aflw_ zkV V|k>VKD, Ek k[

[\B V| y\ \m s|kV[.

k, \m c skV c x^ \K^ >FT

]l[ l \B k|D. km uB_^

>]KD sKD km yB B_s ]\V>V_ k [AD \BV>D K> >z]BV

k. c\l_, km BV uBKV km

yBB_ \[Mm s|k> EVm.

gV_, \M>V >m V B_A V\VD,

>VM[ #|>VKD [V \M>M]K^

uB_ \m km yBB ] >Vz

V[. >[ JD >m xt[ *m kA V|WBVBtwV. ~l[ >[ \]

>V_ x[VK^ \ >uz >BVm. >V>V[ \M>D. kA D \V[^ u

B_ km om \m^>V_, >

kV_ V xBVm^m. >[\ k[ B\m, ~l[ V[>V E y\B km >m

VtB V>[ *m k zk>[ J\V J

kVkB wV s|V[.

\ ][ V[VD kV>

m J kVsom V[ u c]V|D kV

|KD m gF^ J\V uV \u\V

sBD w >|m:

kVs[ t ] mzB sBD \BVzD. t

] zB sBD \BVzD. >Vkm, D bkm, D VV|km, V|m, D u V^

km gBk \M>m J kVk VmVV>VD\flE^>VD gzD. k \ ]\]t

V>VzD. \D \ VV|>KD E\VmD

V>\Vm\VzD. k \M>M[ J kVk AzwBm^>V_, k _VkuDs ]\V

k>mD i>m\VzD. sBD

vVV [ m VD >]_ >|^>V_ \V E sB >VD.

\ VV|k>uzD k ctk>uzxB

VD \B sm. \ | a>D

76 77


41/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

mzD [> | c >D >kV D

m V s. \ s> V]\V [\

D _V> z [m >kV sm. k, cm

]l[ y\^ cm ]A #sVm

VmVm V^^. xD >\ kz VmD k s| s|^.

gV_, km m*_^ |Vm VV_,

> ]m>V[ Wu k|D. kV>D m

xt[^ *m ] k|mV[; k[ B W>V

> wm fl F>V_ >V[ Fk> BV>

mkV[. gV_ > \D ]AD xt[z

\]l_ kB D, V][ *m kzD

[A gBku[ c[> >[\ k|mk>V|,

ku[ \]B zD xBuE[. \B

ckVzD u\V V xu|], > kzD uV V[ V xBuEm >

]BV>\VzD.

\D xD D BDV_ [

V[ xV D^ [>V_ ku [ m

\VzD. k, ]]_ c^ s_ m

] x^>V m \M> c^]_ _kVz u,

|>> >z \BV V^D. c>V\V,

D c^]_ x^>V [ \ \VD

BVD \Vs|D. xt[ m s>\ V

zD. >V, \ c^]_ ]t>V [,D >m BWB kVVm, \ AD

k_ >X| FBVm m s|D. \z

V||D k V\ m. kaK^

x|>\u \M> m s>\ VzD.

]\V, ][ V^, ~\V[ VD \M>

BD V[ku[ V V_ t VEzDo V[D > xBV> V V[D zD.

xt[^ *m K>|D kBV \

>M Z]BV>VzD. m E u V[m. MD

xot[ *m c\BV \B km

tD >kVzD. m \V[ \V\V V

|D ][ V a|mk>uz \VzD.

D: D, V>mkD, [A gB V][

D >[ A\VzD. \ VV|D

\M>^ zfl Ek V[ c^. >Vkm Vz

]Vm Wu[. ~l[ V[ {u >k mD \B ^ Tk. |>>u

_VD z> ]k[ V k^ ][

. \M> > > V| V x

\V > VV^; V>\V E]k \VV^.

y\V m [\ c>VD FkV^.

V][ EA >[\V ], V>\V Vz

gB V xuV WVm.

uA>t BV^ D z]lom:

n>Vkm: V]VD V>]VD xoD |> xox[ \V V[

u|] V^V. >V_ kl_

78 79


42/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

xBV> V>mkxD [AD m. gD, > cD\

][ x[umV _ x>u V>mkxD[A\VzD.

W_: V>][ clVD c#F\BVzD.

c#F\ _B[V_ V> _. k QV

D V[D V\V km \uV^|DV> _KBu>VzD. k QVD V[D

cm]V VD. gV_ k V>mV

VV xBVm.

t[_K^ ][J[VD zom:

>m >z]l[ _B >> \M>[ \flEBV|

kVkV[. B V mom >V|, z, x]D, ][ \uD V^^]KD ]om. kV[D >\m V^

u B B ]o>V| >\m >z]BD >mkm^. > V| >m >z]u ""[*m B[]om'' V_ m VmD. >uz \Vu

\V, ""x]> V[ B ]oA V[''

> V| xBVm. xuKD mV[>V[_BV[ >]KD >^ c^. k[

>mu _Vs[ ]V\^ km kVs_

]o> VVD. kV ]V\xD >m l[\\B \M> c^]om _Vs[ i k

]o[. \M> c^D { BV\. gV_,

""VD _Vs[ i V[ \\t BVD''

>uz kV>V xBVm.

>V_, >\m ku >[\, k\, TD,

VV V[ku BV Am V^k> s|m,

\Bm V|, sD _V\_ E _V

s[ x[Ml_ \l|[. >\m EB c^D >V

z Vm V[ \l_ k]_ ~||

[. k^ >\m > V| V[^>> _BVmD oBVmD x]D

V[^ >m[ zwB[. Bu ],

V k>VuD, >t_V> B VD gB

>V> ka^ JD >D\ _BV[ cB >mz

cB] V^ xBuE F[. >[ JD >D\B

k>]_ g] V^[.

\V>]_: > yv V^:

""Q^ >s> m \M>D am VkV ; >\m u m k >s> m

\M>D am VkV^; c#F\[ BVukV >s> m \M>D am VkV^; c#F\BV V]_ [.''

(_m mV[ kV>

`_ (v_) k^ \Va>V^)

*EzD kuz\V ka c#F\B [m

]om szm. c#F\B m V^k>uz

m ]xB\V>VzD. c#F\ V tfl EB

VBD c#F\Bu t \V\V VB>s

EAt>VzD. >m kV BKD c#F\[

k|D [>D m _Vs[ [>D, c#F\^ B_z \V]\ \\l[

kz\]D \flED z\[>D k \]_

80 81


43/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

gw\V ] V^ k|D. k _VzB

kl_ >l Vm.

]KD c#F\ c^m. mBsV #B

[A c B ]VzD [s \z EVm. BV >m #B [ k\V k>V:

""m #B [Az \V fi\V ]V, [

\V\V >kl_. M_, ]V> ]V

zD [Vm zB V]_ am V Bm. #B

[Vm \M> B_V|, zV >VF\V[ B_V|

|^ [VzD. >Vl[ > #B [[

c\BV >> kV|m. >[Mx^

zw>z KmD #B l[ EBD >[Mx^

>D >uV #|m. s> ]

VxD ]VVm >m \flEBD [>D

[ clD m[m. Val[] xB J>D >[ >BVzD. Va >m zfi

Vl[ >Vlom *>uV >m >B w>

WflEB m \VkV V V_ V.

t>\V Vz V> |om

J[VD s: VBVm c#F\B V

\Vzk>V|, \\V VBD V]Az^Vz

m. >kV c^ k VBV_ kV

>V_ k |> \M> ]]|> xBuEV.

|> \M> ]]|mD V_ BVuD\M>V_ x\BV c #F\B m V^ x

BVm. > s u V^km t xB\VzD.

][J[VD >]om

J[Vkm: > c> Vbk c_V s|]B ], [ >[ ]

]_ >zk[ c[ cB> ]iVVkV[ [mm >VzD. c V]om VzD

k ]k\V >m >> cB], _Vs[ ]

V>\D ][> >>D k[ V^kV.>B \M> VV VD \V\_ \]A[ ]D

k][ sB \]Bu cmVzD V

m|z V| \VV. k > Wt>kV \]] kV mkV. z >VV

m DD ]_ cm VB V

m|^ V[>. m WuzD \\V BVcm VV>, zBu k> s \] kVF>

kBVzD. g> gkD, \D W> [A, ] V,

|\BV gk_ gBD \uD cflEtz \flE^mD \M> B_V| |^>[ VD

ku V| \M>[ \\B > V^

k|D [>. > \V flE >uVo c z \V]D k>uV BVm, cmVB V m|z _Bu VD

W]B k][ sB V|m V[VzD. sBD >VV m \]_ m c]>m.> c[ >V m V^[.

k W> [Vm k cflEk\V

[VzD. > WBu V^ *m BVzDVm m >m [A KmkV V_o_ V

mBmzD k>mzD c|mm. _m [A

82 83


44/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

Kmk >m [ Kmk>uV aBV>

V >|kV. M_, k \] kVF>

cflEk\V [ ck\V V^*m Km

km \] z>>VzD. [ > [A c\BV

#B [V \V s|m.

\M> c^]_ glV cflE^ V|

[. k kV[D >V> Vk.

[ ck\Vm, |>m \FBVm. c>V\V, ]

VD uB fl c _Vm c^KD V

|m. k ys gkV| >m ]V> D\

|> >MzDVm, >m ]V> \B\Vz

k>uV > c>kV>xD >m kD _ [>

m V^V. >V_, ]V gV> V>

\_, >uV c>kV>D c^VmD m >ku

m. mu g> flD V^ >kl_. k,

k[ >m >uVo ]V> s| >m BkVz [VK^ \FBV W> ]V> V

VkBfl KmV[. gV_, V|VV kV

BVz > \FBV ]VD > c>kV>

>D V|Vm.

\M>[ _kD \uD cB>s m V^k]_

]ys B_kD V|V[. [ >m ]Vm

z^ km zsm^ Wl_V VmD Vm t

AD, >sD t Vm D k Bkfi

>B ]fl FD D D \M>[, >m ]

ys B_k> B[|m\ k \]Buk | V^V[. k, k[ kuom >m

VkB ] >m gt zk >>

_Vk >MV[. c\BV >>

D >sD Vm _kD DV]zD

V_ >m ]ys B_k> B[|] |\V

[\^ >|k]_ ~||V[. ck\V

c \FkV \VuD u { cB> Vm.

\KD c>V\V, B \zD >[\BVm E

]_ ]ys\Vk c^m. > k^ E_

BV, \V\V, Wl_V sB_ BV[

. [ >m > >[\l[ k]kV

z]B kD s \]_V> VB]_

BV>V c[. >V| B \zD

>[\l[ BV_ V]AD >xD sszD k

_ ~||V. z, > ]t cflE BV

u sB_ TV BV>uV kw

s_ [> m V^V. >V|, m

QVm xVm [mD kz Am. k,km B \zD >[\B >B BV

t_V>, WBu B_V B[|>V\_ ]B

~\VMB ]B tl_ WV|k>uzD, V][

]V> c]|mk>uz\V B[|> gD

V; >m \\fl k> > V^ B[|m

V. , ck\V B \zD >[\ c\

BV D >[\BV \Vm; [\BVkuD

EV AD AD l_ ]][ W[

k >V>flEBV BVuV.

> J[ c>VD { c\B k|m[. >Vkm, \M>[ >z kw|^ Bu[

, flz \|D c z m

84 85


45/45

c#F\D

V>mkxD

c#F\D

V>mkxD

V^k>uV zVu s>]KD, >V[ _ W>

\V kVk[ [ V|VV ]KD

sV_ k TflEzD T sBmzD Bu

kz\ kaVKD. >uz \Vu\V ku_

z> z]B skVVD ]

BV z]B \\ [\VD y WV|D VB

VD sV_, k VV> uA

[ J VVD ~ ]mD g>

]mD V>VD \VuD D. B>V>k\V

QV][ k|>KD mk.

m \V][, >uV]_ kw|D \V

^ V]B >V> ssV\z >V

VD c^m. >Vkm, ku kwzkV, ""] B_

kD V^Vy^'' ""VVy^'' ""kA V

Vy^'' ""kV>D VVy^'' ""c EVy^''

k>[ JD \M> B_V_ xBV>ku \M>^] xBuE[. m D\M>[ >

>[\ \Vu km V[ c^m. >uz ]V,

""> cflE BV\V sB V

]A^'' ""ku[ ]B \Vu^' ""ku[

F^'' V_ ] >V

x^>V zD. >V|, \M> B_AzD >z]zD

kV x[\VakVD m \D.

86 87

sincerity book , tamil தமிழ்,

Documents