simple machines. recap a force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
SIMPLE SIMPLE MACHINESMACHINES
![Page 2: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
RECAP• A force is any action that changes or tends to
change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body.
• A force is NOT a matter. It has NO mass and does not take up space.
• We define force as a push or a pull.
![Page 3: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• SI unit for force is Newton (N).
• We can see effects of forces everyday in our daily lives eg, compressed, stretched, bent or twisted.
![Page 4: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
LEVERLEVERA simple machine that turns about a fixed
point (F) when a force (E) is applied to move another force (L).
![Page 5: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Levers help us to do work byLevers help us to do work by
• Reducing the effort needed to overcome a load
• Producing a large movement from a small movement.
![Page 6: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
LOAD
FULCRUM
EFFORT
fixed point
applied force
![Page 7: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
How does lever make work easier?
• Using small effort to overcome a bigger load.
– An example is the see-saw
![Page 8: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
To overcome a load with less effort.
•Effort should be as far away as possible from the fulcrum.
loadEffort
fulcrum
![Page 9: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
•Load should be as near as possible to the fulcrum.
To overcome a load with less effort.
load
Effort
fulcrum
![Page 10: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Small effort, Big load
• Distance moved by the effort is MORE than the distance moved by the load.
effort
fulcrum
load
distance
![Page 11: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Big effort, Small load
• a small movement of the effort causes a large movement of the load.
• Greater amount of effort needed to move the load.
fulcrum
effortload
![Page 12: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Question!
Position A
• Which position require a bigger effort?• What does represent?• What if is moved nearer to the load?
effort effort
Position B
![Page 13: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
INCLINED PLANESINCLINED PLANES
A slanted surface that joins two different levels.
![Page 15: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• Reducing the effort needed to move a heavy load.
•BUT!
• Effort will have to move through a longer distance.
Inclined planes help us to do work by
![Page 16: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
load
Distance moved by effort when box is lifted vertically.
![Page 17: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
load
Distance moved by effort along the plank
![Page 18: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Examples of inclined planes
ladder
ramp stairs
slide
![Page 19: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Questions!
A B
C D
![Page 20: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• What kind of simple machine is a ramp?It is a lever
• What is the advantage of using ramp B? It will need the least effort to move the load.
• What is the advantage of using ramp D?The load will travel the shortest distance.
• What is the difference between A and C?A is inclined at a smaller angle than C.
• How can we convert a plank into a ramp?By supporting a plank at an angle.
B
D
AC
![Page 21: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
PULLEYSA wheel with a groove where a rope can go
over. It is used for lifting objects.
![Page 22: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
What is a pulley?
A pulley is a wheel with a groove where a rope or string can go over.
• Fixed pulley
• Movable pulley
• Pulley system
![Page 23: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
FIXED PULLEY
• A pulley in a fixed position.
• Eg : flag pole.
• It does not reduce the effort used to lift a load.
• It makes work easier by changing the direction of the applied force (effort).
![Page 24: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
MOVABLE PULLEY
• Not a fixed pulley
• Can be used to lift an object with a smaller effort.
• BUT!
• Effort has to move through a longer distance than the load.
• DOES NOT change direction of the applied force.
![Page 25: SIMPLE MACHINES. RECAP A force is any action that changes or tends to change the size, shape and/or state of rest/motion of a body. A force is NOT a matter](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020417/56649e305503460f94b209c2/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
PULLEY SYSTEM
• Combines the fixed pulley and the movable pulley.
• Direction of the force is changed
• A smaller effort is needed to raise a heavy load.