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A Division of Watts Water Technologies Inc.

Silane cross-linked polyethylenepipe INTERSOL PEX-b

Main characteristics

Use of INTERSOL®

PEX-b offers the

following advantages:

• Resistance to electrochemical and chemicalcorrosion

• Long life in relation to temperature and pressure• Resistance to chemicals

• Resistance to high temperature peaks (up to 110°C)

• Low noise level• Resistance to plastic creep• Low pressure drop• Low formation of deposits• Resistance to low temperatures• Flexibility

2

SILANE CROSS-LINKED POLYETHYLENE PIPE

INTERSOL®

Cross-linked polyethylene pipe. Can be used as a viable alternative toconventional piping (copper - steel - iron). Suitable for heating and plumbingsystems as it is non toxic. Easy to install. Low pressure drops. Age and corrosion resistant. Max. temperature: 100 °C.

Conforms with UNI 9338. Approved according to UNI 315 IIP no. 206.

TPR

Type Part number DimensionsTPR 1001112 12 x 2,0TPR 1001115 15 x 2,5TPR 1001118 18 x 2,5TPR 1001120 20 x 2,0TPR 1001122 22 x 3,0TPR 1001128 28 x 3,0TPR 1001132 32 x 3,0

INTERSOL®

Cross-linked polyethylene pipe resistant to the aging action of UV rays.Characteristics like TPR, but suitable above all for outdoor sections exposed tosunlight.

Conforms with UNI 9338. Approved according to UNI 315 IIP no. 206.

TPRUV

Type Part number DimensionsTPRUV 1001512 12 x 2,0TPRUV 1001515 15 x 2,5TPRUV 1001518 18 x 2,5TPRUV 1001522 22 x 3,0TPRUV 1001528 28 x 3,0TPRUV 1001532 32 x 3,0

INTERSOL®

Cross-linked polythene pipe enclosed in corrugated polyethylene sheath.Characteristics like TPR. Black sheath.

Conforms with UNI 9338. Approved according to UNI 315 IIP no. 206.(does not include the sheath).

VPESR

Type Part number DimensionsVPESR 1001905 15 x 2,5VPESR 1001909 18 x 2,5

Piping of the INTERSOL®PEX-b series is made from cross-linked polyethylene, available in versions with orwithout oxygen diffusion barrier, and suitable for pipes used for supplying the heat carrier fluid inheating/plumbing systems.


3

INTERSOL®

Cross-linked polythene pipe with oxygen diffusion barrier to prevent oxygenin the air from penetrating inside the water circuit. Suitable for building radiant panel systems.Other characteristics like TPR.

Conforms with DIN 16892/16898.Approved according to DIN 4726/4729.

VPEED

Type Part number DimensionsVPEED 1001165 16 x 2,0VPEED 1001166 16 x 2,0VPEED 1001175 17 x 2,0VPEED 1001176 17 x 2,0VPEED 1001185 18 x 2,0VPEED 1001186 18 x 2,0VPEED 1001205 20 x 2,0VPEED 1001206 20 x 2,0

Type Part number DimensionsTPRR 1001160 16 x 2,0TPRR 1001161 16 x 2,0TPRR 1001170 17 x 2,0TPRR 1001171 17 x 2,0TPRR 1001180 18 x 2,0TPRR 1001181 18 x 2,0TPRR 1001200 20 x 2,0TPRR 1001201 20 x 2,0

INTERSOL®

Like VPEDD but without the oxygen diffusion barrier.

Conforms with DIN 16892/16893 - UNI 9338.

TPRR

INTERSOL®PEX-b is a cross-linked polyethylene pipe obtained via the silane method, starting from high densitypolyethylene. It finds application in the heating and plumbing sector.

In this sector (floor heating, radiator pipe connecting, plumbing systems) it is possible to use the following plasticmaterials instead of conventional metal ones:- Polyethylene (PE)- Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C)- Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX)- Polypropylene random copolymer (PP-R)- Polybutylene (PB)

Table 1 shows the fields of application of plastics in the pressure pipe sectors.

1 - PLASTICS USED IN HOT /COLD WATER PRESSURE PIPING

Table 1

Legend Yes = used(Yes) = used less frequently No = not used

Application PE PVC-C PEX PP-R PBDomestic cold water Yes Yes Yes Yes YesDomestic hot water (60°C) No Yes Yes Yes YesFloor heating No No Yes (Yes) YesRadiator pipe connecting No No Yes No (Yes)

4


High density polyethylene is a thermoplastic macromolecular component, obtained from the polymerization of theethylene monomer (CH2 = CH2).Its chemical formula can be represented as: - (CH2 - CH2) - nwhere n defines the length of the macromolecular chain (the average value of n can also lie between10,000 – 16,000). From now onwards we shall represent such chain as:

Hence polyethylene consists of various macromolecular (polymer) chains, whose cohesion forces cannot strictlybe considered to be true chemical bonds, rather they are electrical in nature and are commonly known as “Vander Waals” forces. Although such cohesion forces are low, the high number of intramolecular bonds favoursobtaining of certain properties for the product.However the low energy of the cohesion forces makes the thermoplastic materials highly sensitive to temperature,which causes considerable decay of the properties.Suppose in addition to the “Van der Waals” forces, we introduce intramolecular chemical bonds (the so-calledcross-linking bonds), the thermal properties of the product will be considerably improved.

Cross-linking is a process which modifies the chemical structure of the material, by creating a three dimensional“network” structure thanks to links between the polymer chains. The new structure determines certain specialcharacteristics, namely:

• an increase in the maximum operating temperature • a reduction in creep deformation (creep)• improved chemical resistance• improved resistance to UV rays• improved abrasion resistance• greater impact strength• less notch sensitivity and abrasion• thermal memory characteristics are conferred to the material (“thermoelastic polymer”)

2 - CROSS-LINKING METHOD

Type of cross-linking Cross-linking agent Product symbol a Chemical Peroxides PEX-ab Chemical Silanes PEX-b

c Physical Electronic rays (beta) PEX-cd Chemical Azo compounds PEX-d

Cross-linked polyethylene is classified according to the methods used to perform the cross-linking as summed upin the following table:

Processes a, b and c are the most frequent ones and they will be described in the following pages.

2.1 - Classification of the cross-linked polyethylene

In the Engel method, the peroxide (chemical formula ROOR) is added to polyethylene during the extrusion phase.The process consists of two steps, namely:

• formation of free radicals

• cross-linking

Special machines that allow reaching of pressures up to 2000 bar are required to complete such process.

2.2 - Chemical cross-linking with peroxides (PEX-a)

Table 2

+ ROOR + ROH

+


5

As in the previous situation, likewise here, cross-linking depends on the formation of free radicals, in this casegenerated by beta radiation. Such technology is based on the method of cross-linking the finished polyethyleneproduct by radiating with a high energy electron beam, generated by a particle accelerator. The cross-linkingprocess can be represented as follows:

• formation of free radicals

• cross-linking

The processes based on peroxides and radiation generate a bond of the carbon-carbon type between the chains.

2.3 - Physical cross-linking with radiation, beta rays (PEX-c)

We shall now go into greater depth as regards the chemical silane cross-linking which, as will be seen below,creates a carbon-silicon-oxygen-silicon-carbon bond between the chains.In such process polyethylene is added to a silane, a small quantity of peroxide, acting as an initiator, and anorganometallic catalyst. Cross-linking is performed in two steps: grafting and cross-linking.Grafting takes place via the extrusion process, which is then followed by cross-linking in water, accelerated bythe catalyst.The following is a representation of the chemical reaction mechanism with silanes (e.g. vinyl trimethoxysilanecontains a small quantity of dicumyl peroxide):

• grafting

takes place inside the extruder at high temperature (140°C – 190°C)

• cross-linking

(takes place in contact with water, normally hot between 80°C – 85°C)

Cross-linked polyethylene INTERSOL® PEX-b

condensation

The intramolecular bond that is generated is of the type - Si - HO - Si – possessing an energy comparable to the- C - C - bond.

2.4 - Chemical cross-linking with silanes INTERSOL® PEX-b

� ray

+

+ CH2=CH-Si-(OCH3)3

+ 3 H2O + 3 CH3OH

CH30-Si-OCH3

OCH3

ROOR’

CH30-Si-OCH3

OCH3

HO-Si-OH

OH

+ + H2Ocatal.

HO-Si-OH

OH

HO-Si-OH

O

HO-Si-OHHO-Si-OH

OH

6


The use of silanes as cross-linking agents is based mainly on two industrial methods:

1) A TWO-STEP PROCESS (SIOPLAS)2) A ONE-STEP PROCESS (MONOSIL)

3.1 - Two-step Sioplas method

The Sioplas method was developed in 1968 and consists of two steps (see figure 2):

-) step 1 Polyethylene, silane and a small quantity of peroxide plus further additives (anti-oxidants) are processed in asingle or twin-screw extruder. They are blended at temperatures such as to “graft” the polyethylene with thesilane. Such cross-linkable product is granulated and stored in air-tight containers.

-) step 2 The cross-linkable polyethylene with the addition of a catalyst masterbatch is melted and reblended in a secondextruder, then converted into the final product (pipe).

These two steps are followed by cross-linking in hot water (normally 80 to 85°C) for a time depending on the pipewall thickness.

3 - MANUFACTURING PROCESSES INVOLVING SILANE CROSS-LINKING

Grafting step

Silane+peroxide

Liquid ofthe pump

Pelletizing unit

Ppackaging andstorage in dryconditions of thegrafted polymer

Polyethylene+pellets

Step 1

Grafting extrusion(typically L/D=25)

Diagram of the two-step Sioplas method

Shaping step

Finished product

Cross-linking in water

Grafted pelletsAdditives

Anti-oxidant +Catalyst

Step 2

Shapingextrusion

Fig.2


7

The Monosil method was introduced by Dow Chemical in 1974 and thanks to the development of specialextruders (special screw profiles) by the company Maillefer (see figure 3).In such process, polyethylene, silane, a small quantity of peroxide, catalyst and further additives are introducedin a single-screw extruder.Blending of the products, grafting reactions and formation of the pipe are completed in just one extrusion anddrawing line.Cross-linking is performed in hot water as in the previous case.The INTERSOL® PEX-b pipe is manufactured with the latter technology, starting directly from the raw materialspurchased from manufacturers with consequent advantages of 100% quality control over all the pipemanufacturing phases as it is not necessary to depend on intermediate manufacturers as would be required bythe Sioplas method.

3.2 - One-step Monosil method

Finished product

Cross-linking in water

Polyethylenepellets

Grafting and shaping extrusion(typically L/D=30)

Diagram of the one-step Monosil process

Silane+peroxide+catalystAnti-oxidants

Fig.3

8


4 - MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND TESTING OF INTERSOL®PEX-b

RAW MATERIAL

Silane + liquid

EXTRUSION

FORMING

CROSS-LINKING

FINISHED PRODUCT

Anti-oxidant

Testing (organolepticmelt index, etc.)

Anti-diffusion barrier

Process control(temperature-screw revs., etc.)

Inspection (appearance, centering, wall thickness,O.D., marking)

Process control(bath temperature, duration)

Final testing(degree of cross-linking,resistance to internalpressure Vs. temperature-cold rupture tests,tensile tests)

Non cross-linkedpolyethylene

Cross-linkedpolyethylene

INTERSOL-iip 206-UNI-315-PE-X 15x2.5-PN 16 10bar/80°C

Use of INTERSOL®PEX-b offers various advantages, above all:

1) Resistance to electrochemical and chemical corrosion2) Long life in relation to temperature and pressure 3) Resistance to elevated temperature peaks (up to 100°C)4) Resistance to chemicals 5) Low noise level 6) Resistance to plastic creep 7) Low pressure drop 8) Low formation of deposits 9) Resistance to low temperatures

10) Flexibility

5 - PROPERTIES OF INTERSOL®PEX-b

Two types of pipe can be used, namely:

a) with oxygen diffusion barrier, consisting of a film of coextruded ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH)

Standard length: 100 - 120 - 200 - 240 metres

b) without anti-oxygen barrier

Standard length: 100 - 120 - 200 - 240 metres


9

Standard pipe dimensions depend on the field of application and typical standards of each nation. Above all, distinction can be made between two sectors, namely:

-Floor heating and connection of radiators-Plumbing systems

6 - STANDARD SIZES OF INTERSOL®PEX-b

6.1 - Floor heating and connection of radiators

5.1 - Technical data of INTERSOL®PEX-b

Mechanical properties Standard Unit ValueSpecific gravity DIN 53479 gr/cm3 0,95Tensile strength (20°C) DIN 53455 MPa 22 - 27Elongation at break (20°C) DIN 53455 % 350 - 550Tensile modulus of elasticity (20°C) DIN 53457 MPa > 550Impact strength (20°C) DIN 53453 KJ/m2 No breakage Moisture absorption (100°C) DIN 53472 % 0,05

Table 3

Thermal propertiesOperating temperature - °C -100 / +100Softening point - °C 125Coefficient of linear expansion (20°C) - °C-1 1,4*10-4

Coefficient of linear expansion (100°C) - °C-1 2,0*10-4

Impact strength (20°C) - KJ/Kg°C 2,0Moisture absorption (100°C) DIN 52612 W/m°C 0,35 - 0,41

Electrical propertiesSpecific internal resistance (20°C) - m 1015

Dielectric constant (20°C) - - 2,2Dielectric strength (20°C) - KV/mm 20

Table 4

Table 5

O.D. - for wall thickness Typical Countries Weight (Kg/m) Capacity (l/m)14 x 2 DD Germany 0,083 0,07416 x 2 DD Italy 0,097 0,10917 x 2 DD Germany 0,102 0,12618 x 2 DD Italy 0,109 0,14820 x 2 DD Italy - Germany 0,122 0,193

O.D. - for wall thickness Typical Countries Weight (Kg/m) Capacity (l/m)12 x 2 Italy 0,065 0,04816 x 2 Italy 0,092 0,10818 x 2 Italy 0,104 0,15020 x 2 Italy 0,119 0,19412 x 1,1 France 0,042 0,07316 x 1,5 France 0,072 0,12820 x 1,9 France 0,112 0,20125 x 2,3 France 0,167 0,318

Heating Plumbing

system system

DIN 16892 Pipes made from high density, cross-linked polyethylene (VPE), X Xgeneral requirements, testing.

DIN 16893 Pipes made from cross-linked polyethylene (VPE), dimensions. X XDIN 4726 Plastic pipes used in hot water floor heating systems, X

general requirements.DIN 4729 (*) High density, cross-linked polyethylene pipes for use in hot water floor X

heating systems, general requirements and testing DIN 4725 Hot water floor heating systems; X

thermal tests (design)DIN 8076/1 Fittings for floor heating systems XDIN 1988 + KTW Code of practice for drinking water supply systems XDVGW - W531 Manufacture, safety and testing of cross-linked polyethylene pipes

(HDPE) for drinking water in home installations XDVGW - W532 Metal fittings for cross-linked polyethylene pipes (HPDE)

used in drinking water installations X

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6.2 - Plumbing systems

Table 6

Dimensions - For wall thickness Typical Countries Weight (Kg/m) Capacity (l/m)12 x 2 Italy 0,065 0,04815 x 2,5 Italy 0,100 0,07618 x 2,5 Italy 0,124 0,12722 x 3 Italy 0,181 0,19328 x 3 Italy 0,231 0,37632 x 3 Italy 0,274 0,52116 x 2,2 Germany 0,098 0,10220 x 2,8 Germany 0,153 0,15625 x 3,5 Germany 0,233 0,25132 x 4,4 Germany 0,382 0,41012 x 1,1 France 0,042 0,07316 x 1,5 France 0,072 0,12820 x 1,9 France 0,112 0,20125 x 2,3 France 0,167 0,318

7 - STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Table 7

Standard length: 50 - 75 - 100 metres

(*) related to and cited in DIN 4726.

GERMANY

STANDARD

Table 8

ITALY

Heating Plumbing

system system

UNI 9338 High density, cross-linked polyethylene pipes (VPE), X Xgeneral requirements, testing.

UNI 9349 Cross-linked polyethylene pipes (VPE), dimensions. X XRecommendation Plastic pipes used in hot water floor heating systems, X XIIP n°16 general requirements.

STANDARD


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Table 9

FRANCE

Heating Plumbing

system system

NFT 54-085 Cross-linked polyethylene pipes (PEX) for transport of fluids under X X pressure; requirements

NFT 54-026 Thermoplastic pipes used for transport of fluids; X X determination of tensile properties.

NFT 54-021 Thermoplastic pipes used for transport of fluids; X Xdetermination of longitudinal shrinkage Vs. increase in temperature

NFT 54-025 Thermoplastic pipes used for transport of fluids; determination of X Xpressure resistance at constant temperature

STANDARD

Table 10

TEST STANDARD MAIN REQUIREMENTS

Dimensional checking UNI 9338 O.D. - 0DIN 16893 +0,3NFT 54-085 Wall thickness - 0

+0,3Degree of cross-linking UNI 9338 > 65%

DIN 16892Thermoxidation UNI 9338 No surface alteration

DVGW-W531Pressure resistance at constant temperature UNI 9338 Temperature = 95°C

DIN 16892 Stress = 4,8MPa time ≥ 1hNFT 54-085 Stress = 4,7MPa time ≥ 170h

Stress = 4,4MPa time ≥ 1000hCold rupture testTensile properties NFT 54-026 Yield stress ≥ 20 MPa

Stress to rupture 20 MPaElongation at break ≥ 20 MPa

Linear shrinkage Vs. increase in temperature NFT 54-021 Shrinkage 2,5 %(120°C - 1h)

Microstructural analysis UNI 4729DVGW-W531

8 - FACTORY TESTS CONDUCTED ON INTERSOL®PEX-b

For determination of permissible stress levels in long-term operation, the mechanical behaviour of the pipe wasevaluated experimentally (minimum resistances) by submitting it to pressure at different temperatures for longperiods of time. The regression curves of the INTERSOL®PEX-b pipe at various temperatures (see figure) werederived from these tests. In the case of very long times, resistances were calculated by extrapolation.For a pipe under pressure the equivalent stress generated by the internal pressure is calculated using thefollowing formula:

where �e is the equivalent stress in N/mm2

P is the pressure in bar

de is the outer diameter of the pipe in mm

s is the wall thickness of the pipe in mm

9 - LONG-TERM PROPERTIES OF INTERSOL®PEX-b

�e =P x (de - s)

20 x s

Nominal Average Wall thicknessO.D. O.D.

PN 10 PN 16

10 10+0,3 - 1,8+0,1

12 12+0,3 - 2,0+0,2

14 14+0,3 - 2,0+0,2

15 15+0,3 2,0+0,2 2,5+0,2

16 16+0,3 2,0+0,2 2,5+0,2

17 17+0,3 2,0+0,2 2,3+0,2

18 18+0,3 2,0+0,2 2,5+0,2

20 20+0,3 2,0+0,2 2,8+0,2

22 22+0,3 2,0+0,2 3,0+0,3

25 25+0,3 2,3+0,2 3,5+0,3

28 28+0,3 3,0+0,3 4,0+0,3

32 32+0,3 3,0+0,3 4,4+0,4

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We shall show an example of calculating the factor of safety :

Suppose we have a pipe with dimensions 16 x 2 - Max. operating pressure = 3 barMax. operating temperature = 70°C - Required duration = 50 years

On the basis of the above data, we can deduce the equivalent force:

from the regression curve at 70°C it can be seen that max. stress for the period of 50 years is equal to:

�max = 5,4 N/mm2

hence the factor of safety is as follows:

For example, in accordance with UNI 9338 standard, two classes of nominal pressure are defined (max. permissiblepressure for continuous duty with water at 20°C), namely PN10 and PN16, depending on the dimensions, as giventable 11. Therefore having defined a factor of safety equal to 1.3, table 12 shows the safety operating pressures fordifferent temperature and time ranges.

�e =P x (de - s)

20 x s=

3 x (16 - 2)

20 x 2= 1,05

N

mm2

fs =�max

�e

=5,4

= 5,11,05

Table 11 Table 12

Temperature (°C) Factor Duration Max.permissible Max. permissible

of safety (years) safety force operating pressure

(MPa) (bar)

PN 10 PN 16

up to 60°C 1,3 50 5,0 10 16over 60°C

1,3 50 3,8 6 10up to 80°Cover 80°C

1,3 10 3,2 6 10up to 95°C


13

REGRESSION CURVE

0,1

Time to fracture (h)

90 °C

0

1,0 10,0 100,0 1000,0 10000,0 100000,0 1000000,0

50 years

Hyd

rost

ati

c s

tress

(M

Pa)

95 °C

110 °C

80 °C

70 °C

60 °C

50 °C

40 °C

30 °C

20 °C

10

14


The variation in pipe length against rise in temperature can be calculated using the following formula:

ΔL = ∂ x L x ΔT

where

ΔL = variation in length (mm)ΔT = variation in temperature (°C)L = pipe length (m)∂ = coefficient of linear expansion = (average value 1,8 x 10-4 )

Example:ΔT = 50°CL = 6 mΔL = 54 mm

(see graph)

10 - LINEAR THERMAL EXPANSION OF INTERSOL® PEX-b

Pipe lenght (m)

Vari

ati

on in lenght

(mm

)

Variation in temperature (°C)0 20 40 60 80 100

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Linear expansion Vs. increase in temperature

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1


15

11 - OTHER PROPERTIES OF INTERSOL® PEX-b

11.1 - Two-step Sioplas method

Thanks to its flexibility, INTERSOL® PEX-b can be “cold” bent up to bend radii equal to 5 times the outer diameter.For smaller bend radii, it is necessary to heat the pipe using hot air at 130 – 150°C (never use a direct flame).

11.2 Behaviour on exposure to light

INTERSOL® PEX-b should be stored and installed away from direct exposure to sunlight. The UV rays wouldcause aging of the material, thus impairing the chemical-physical and mechanical properties.

11.3 Behaviour at low temperature

The water contained in the pipe must not freeze because the variation in phase would cause an increase involume with risk of the pipe caving in.Anti-freeze substances can be used for applications below 0°C.

11.4 Pressure drop

The advantage of INTERSOL® PEX-b is that it has an internal surface free from roughness. Therefore it willremain free from encrustations during the years of service and with very low coefficient of friction. The pressuredrops for transport of water at 20°C are given in the following graph where the correction factors associated withthe different water temperatures are given. N.B. where anti-freeze substances are present, due account shouldbe taken of the variation in viscosity of such solutions.

Table 13

Outer diameter Cold bending Hot bending12 60 2714 70 3115 75 3416 80 3617 85 3818 90 4020 100 4525 125 56

10000

1000

100

10

1

0,110 100 1000 10000

Flow rate (lt/h)

Pre

ssure

dro

p/m

etr

e (

mm

CA

/m)

Inner diameter (mm)

4,0 m/s3,5 m/s

3,0 m/s2,5 m/s

2,0 m/s

1,5 m/s

1,0 m/s0,9 m/s

0,8 m/s0,7 m/s

0,6 m/s0,5 m/s

0,4 m/s

0,3 m/s

0,2 m/s

0,1 m/s26242220181614131210

8

Pressure drop per metre of pipe (Water temperature = 20°C)

Conversion temperatures for other temperatures: 30°C=0,95 40°C=0,92 50°C=0,88 60°C=0,85 80°C=0,82

20°C 60°C 20°C 60°C20°C 60°C

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11.5 Behaviour to chemical agents

Cross-linked polyethylene exhibits good resistance to chemical agents. The following table shows the behaviourof INTERSOL® PEX-b in relation to the substance and temperature where there is no external stress.

Legend :

Resistant Fairly resistant Non resistant

SUBSTANCE SUBSTANCE SUBSTANCE

acetic acid 10% formaldehyde 40% polyglycols

acetone formic acid potassium chloride (wat. sol.)

acrylonitrile frigene potassium dichromate 40%

aliphatic esters fuel oil potassium hydroxide 30%

allyl alcohol glycerine propanol

aluminium sulphate (wat.sol.) glycol propionic acid 50%

ammonia (wat. sol.) hexane propyl alcohol

ammonium sulphate (wat.sol.) hydrofluoric acid 70% pure aniline

aromatic esters hydrogen peroxide 30% pyridine

beer hydrogen peroxide 100% silicone oil

benzene hydrogen sulphide sodium hydroxide

benzoic acid (wat. sol.) linseed oil sodium hypochloride

bitumen liquid soap sulphur trioxide

bleach liquor magnesium salts (wat.sol.) sulphuric acid 50%

bromium maleic acid sulphuric acid 98%

butanol mercury synthetic detergents

butter methanol tetrahydrofuran

butyl acetate methyl ethyl ketone tetralin

butyne diol methyl phenol tincture of iodine

butyric acid methylene chloride toluene

carbon dioxide milk transformer oil

carbon tetrachloride motor lubricants trichloroethylene

chloroform naphtha turpentine

chromic acid 50% naphthalene vaseline

citric acid nitric acid 30% vegetable oils

conc. hydrochloric acid nitric acid 50% washing detergents

cyclanone nitrobenzene water

cyclohexanol oleum wine

cyclohexanone oxalic acid 50% xylene

decalin ozone

dibutyl phthalate paraffin oil

dichlorobenzene petrol

dichloroethylene petroleum

diesel oil petroleum ether

diethyl ether phenol

ethyl acetate phosphates (water.sol.)

ethyl alcohol phosphoric acid 95%

ethylene glycol phthalic acid 50%


17

12 - APPROVALS FOR INTERSOL® PEX-b

As the pipe manufacturing system is certified to ISO 9002, there are certain receiving, in-process and finaltest/inspection procedures, as already mentioned previously. Consequently all INTERSOL® PEX-b pipes aresubmitted to in-house final testing, in accordance with the requirements of European standards in the sector,which differ according to the country of destination (e.g. UNI 9338/9349, DIN 16892/16893, DIN 4726/4729, UNE53-381-89/53-023-86-53133-82, see previous table). Furthermore there are various product certifications,entrusted to officially recognized testing body which can be summed up as follows:

Table 15

Country Approval Body Floor heating Plumbing Main captionsITALY I I P – Istituto Italiano Plastici X X UNI 315 IIP 206GERMANY SKZ X X DIN GEPRUEFT

Süddeutsche (only chemical (only chemical DIN 4726Kunstoff Zentrum physical tests) physical tests) DIN 16892

DIN 4726DIN 16892

GERMANY DVGW - Igiene Institut X DVGW (migration) DW 8306 AL 2002

GERMANY MPA - NRW X DiffusionsdichtMaterialprufungsamt (oxygenNord-RheinWstfalen diffusion)

FRANCE C.S.T.B. Centre Scientifique et X XTechnique du Batiment

PORTUGAL LNCE National Civil Engineering X XLaboratory

HUNGARY EMI - TÜV X XHungarian Section of German TÜV

SPAIN AENOR Spanish Standards Institute X X

U.S.A. NSF International X X Standard 14 Body Certification product standard

ASTM F876-877, included chlorine, CSA 137.5.Standard 61

13 - COMPARISON OF DFFERENT PLASTICS USED IN HOT WATER PIPING

Table 16 shows different behaviours of cross-linked polyethylene (PEX), polybutylene (PB) and polypropylenerandom copolymer (PP/R) materials with reference to certain important properties for applications in the heatingand plumbing industries.

Table 16

Property PEX PP-R PNStability in hot water (95°C) A C BLong-term behaviour (up to 95°C) A C BFlexibility A B AImpact strength (also at low temperatures) A C BElongation (longitudinal tensile test) C B CToxicity A A ACreep properties A C BThermal conductivity B B BSurface A A A

A = very good B = good C = sufficient

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Table 17 is compiled from literature data and gives a detailed survey of typical values for certain characteristicscompared to those of INTERSOL® PEX-b

Table 17

Property Standard Unit PEX-a INTERSOL® PEX-b PEX-c PP-R PBSpecific gravity DIN 53479 G/cm3 0,94 0,95 0,94 0,90 0,93Ultimate tensile strength DIN 53455 N/mm2 26-30 22-27 22-25 40 33Elongation DIN 53455 % 350-550 350-550 350-450 800 300Tensile modulus of elasticity (20°) DIN 53457 N/mm2 >550 >550 >550 >800 >350Coefficient of linear expansion (20°C) - °C 1,4.10-4 1,4.10-4 1,4.10-4 1,5.10-4 1,5.10-4Thermal conductivity - °C 2,0.10-4 2,0.10-4 2,0.10-4 - -Coefficient of linear expansion (20-100°C) - W/mk 0,38 0,35-0,41 0,35 0,24 0,23Degree of cross-linking DIN 16892 % >75 >65 >60 - -

The descriptions and photographs contained in this product specification sheet are supplied by way of information only and are not binding.

Watts Industries reserves the right to carry out any technical and design improvements to its products without prior notice.


19


WARRANTY FOR CROSS-LINKED POLYETHYLENE (PEX)PIPE FOR HOT FLUID PRESSURE PIPING

TUBO INTERSOL®

The pipe is produced within a certified quality management system in accordance with UNI ENISO 9001:2000. The INTERSOL® pipe is produced using top quality raw materials and a hightechnology production cycle.Product quality is guaranteed by strict control plans in every phase of the transformation, fromthe raw materials to the process to the finished product. In addition, all coils produced aresubject to a final hydraulic test.The specific tests for the INTERSOL®, pipe, performed in-house, comply with sectorregulations that vary based on the country for which the pipe is intended (for example UNI9338/9349 - DIN 16892/16893 - DIN 4726/4729 - NFT 54085 - UNE 53381).

As a result, Watts Industries Italia S.r.l. warrants the INTERSOL® pipe as indicated below :

1) INTERSOL® pipes will be replaced free of charge up to 10 years after the date of supply ifdamage is caused by manufacturing defects (note: “Manufacturer's warranty providedbased on technical experience in product obsolescence”)

2) damage to third parties due to manufacturing defects in the INTERSOL® pipe based oncurrent provisions of law (Presidential Decree 224 of May 24, 1988), will be indemnifiedthrough insurance coverage pursuant to product liability policy VO 100008604 fromWinterthur Assicurazioni. There is a single maximum coverage per claim per year, of €453,780.00.

Points 1) and 2) above will be valid provided the following conditions are met :

a) The INTERSOL® dpipe must be stored, handled and installed according to the instructionsreported in our technical specifications

b) Operating conditions (pressure and temperature) must comply with the limits reported in ourtechnical specifications

c) The product must bear our fully intact identification mark.

The customer must provide the following information when requesting warranty service :

- place and date of installation - the pipe's identifying data and mark - information on conditions of pipe installation and operation (temperature and pressure) - sample on which the breakage occurred (preferably at least 1 meter long with the break in

the middle)

Watts Industries Italia S.r.l. reserves the right to examine the cause of the break on site beforeinitiating the warranty procedures.


Watts Industries Italia S.r.l.

Via Brenno, 21 - 20046 Biassono (MI), Italy

Ph. +39 039 49.86.1 - Fax +39 039 49.86.222

e-mail : [email protected] - www.wattsindustries.com

Product range Watts Industries

- System disconnectors- Backflow protection devices- Check valves- Safety units- Safety relief valves- Pressure reducing valves- Automatic control valves- Butterfly valves- Shut off valves- Measuring gauges

- Temperature control- Expansion vessels- Process switches- Fuel products- Gas products- Electronic controls- Installation protection products- Radiator valves- System products- Manifolds and fittings

Re-

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1-07

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