significant figures physics. all nonzero digits are significant 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 nonzero...
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Significant Figures
Physics
All nonzero digits are significant
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Nonzero Digits
Embedded Zeros are Significant
Zeros between other nonzero digits are significant
60.5
3,008
340,506
Embedded Zeros
Leading Zeros are NOT significant
Zeros in front of nonzero digits are not significant
0.75
.0032
0.0005
Leading Zeros
Trailing Zeros in a number with a decimal place ARE significant
Zeros that are at the end of a number containing a decimal place ARE significant
5.0
33.20
4800.
Trailing Zeros
Trailing Zeros in a number without a decimal place are NOT significant
Zeros that are at the end of a number NOT containing a decimal place are NOT significant
50
3320
4800
Trailing Zeros II
a) 18.3 b) 183 c) .00183 d) 183.0
e) 50 f) 505 g) .0050 h) 5000.
i) 200.00 j) 0.00220 k) 22020
How many Sig-Figs ?
a) 18.3 3 b) 183 3 c) .00183 3 d) 183.0 4
e) 50 1 f) 505 3 g) .0050 2 h) 5000. 4
i) 200.00 5 j) 0.00220 3 k) 22020 4
How many Sig-Figs ?
The final answer should have the same number of decimal places as the number with the least number of decimal places.
90.3 + 2.23 = 92.53 = 92.5
180.1 + 5.202 + 3.32 = 188.632 = 188.6
Addition & Subtraction
The final answer has the same number of sig-figs as the number with the least number of sig-figs.
123 x 5.35 = 658.05 = 658
16 x 2 = 32 = 30
16 x 2.0 = 32 = 32
Multiplication & Division
20.23 + 17.405 + .230 = ________
20.12 + 5.2 + .245 +100.4 = ________
5.35 x 20.2 x 5.0 = _______
2.00 x 500 = _______
2.5 x 55.5 = ________
Express Result in Sig-Figs
20.23 + 17.405 + .230 = 37.865=37.86
20.12 + 5.2 + .245 +100.4 = 125.965=126.0
5.35 x 20.2 x 5.0 = 540.35 = 540
2.00 x 500 = 1000
2.5 x 55.5 = 138.75 = 140
Round Down whenever the digit following the last sig-fig is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4
Examples of #’s with 3 sig-figs:
50.24 = 50.2
1.0038 = 1.00
230.29 = 230.
Round Down
Round Up whenever the digit following the last sig-fig is a 6, 7, 8 or 9
Examples of #’s with 3 sig-figs:
183.6 = 184
.053078 = .0531
23.46 = 23.5
Round Up
Round UP if the digit following the last sig-fig is a 5 followed by a nonzero digit.
Examples with 3 sig-figs:
23.451 = 23.5
.018752 = .0188
.102531 = .103
Rounding with 5’s I
Round DOWN if the last sig-fig is an even # and the next digit is a 5, with no other nonzero digits.
Round UP if the last sig-fig is an odd # and the next digit is a 5, with no other nonzero digits.
Examples of #’s with 3 sig-figs:
12.250 = 12.2
13.25 = 13.2
2.345 = 2.34
7.3850 = 7.38
Rounding with 5’s II
a) 12.35 b) 100.5 c) .0001055
d) 1.2251 e) 230,515 f) 456.5
g) 223.50 h) 1000.5
Express each in 3 Sig-Figs
a) 12.35 b) 100.5 c) .0001055
a) 12.4 b) 100. c) .000106
d) 1.2251 e) 230,515 f) 456.5
d) 1.23 e) 231,000 f) 456
g) 223.50 h) 1000.5
g) 224 h) 1000
Answers