signalling equipment, miscellaneous · 2020. 5. 16. · signalling equipment, miscellaneous 2...

Signalling Equipment, Miscellaneous Markets

3,145 Companies

200 Countries Worldwide

Since 1983

www.datagroup.org

http://www.datagroup.org/

Signalling Equipment, Miscellaneous

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The Market report is an extract of the main database and provides a number of limited datasets for each of the countries covered. For users needing more information, detailed data on Signalling Equipment, Miscellaneous is available in several Editions and Database versions. Users can order (at a discount) any other Editions, or the full Database version, as required from the After-Sales Service or from any Dealer. This research provides Market data for Signalling equipment, miscellaneous.

Contents Market Report ................................................................................................................................................................ 4

Market Data in US$ .................................................................................................................................................... 4

Report Description ..................................................................................................................................................... 5

Contents ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8

Countries Covered ................................................................................................................................................... 12

Market Notes & Definitions ...................................................................................................................................... 13

Financial Notes & Definitions ................................................................................................................................... 17

Industry Norms Definitions ....................................................................................................................................... 24

Company Targets ......................................................................................................................................................... 26

Procurement & Input Data ....................................................................................................................................... 27

Sales Data................................................................................................................................................................. 27

Trade Buyers & End User Data ................................................................................................................................ 27

Survey Data .............................................................................................................................................................. 28

Corporate Data ........................................................................................................................................................ 29

Supplementary Data ................................................................................................................................................ 33

Database Editions .................................................................................................................................................... 34

Upgrade to the full Database Edition at a reduced cost ........................................................................................... 34

Database Editions ........................................................................................................................................................ 35

Editions available ..................................................................................................................................................... 36

World Database ........................................................................................................................................................ 36

Regional Database ................................................................................................................................................... 36

Country Database ..................................................................................................................................................... 36

Country & City Database ......................................................................................................................................... 36


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Markets, Products & Services .................................................................................................................................. 37

Products covered ..................................................................................................................................................... 37

Geographic Coverage .............................................................................................................................................. 38

Financial Data .......................................................................................................................................................... 39

General Contents ..................................................................................................................................................... 40

Database Edition Market Research Contents.......................................................................................................... 41

Databases & Structures ........................................................................................................................................... 41

Spreadsheets ........................................................................................................................................................... 43

Chapters................................................................................................................................................................... 43

Countries .................................................................................................................................................................. 45

Methodology ............................................................................................................................................................ 48

Deliverables ............................................................................................................................................................. 48

About this Database ................................................................................................................................................. 48

Real Time Support ................................................................................................................................................... 48

Toolkits ..................................................................................................................................................................... 49

Proprietary Software package compatibility ............................................................................................................. 50

Resource Web ......................................................................................................................................................... 50

Research & Survey Methodology Analysis .............................................................................................................. 51

Appendix 1 : Regional Report country coverage ..................................................................................................... 52

Appendix 2 : About the After-Sales Service............................................................................................................. 53

Modular Research .................................................................................................................................................... 53

Database Compatibility ............................................................................................................................................ 54


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Market Report Signalling Equipment, Miscellaneous

Reference: W1216_L

This Market report has 414 pages. Updated monthly.

Years covered: Historic data for the past 7 years, and Forecast data for the next 7 years.

Cost: $950

Delivery: 24 hours as a downloaded PDF file, or shipped as a CD-ROM.

Market Data in US$ This report covers the following Markets:-

Market data is given in US$ for each Country, by each Product listed below, by each Year: Historic data for the past 7 years, and Forecast data for the next 7 years.

SIGNALLING EQUIPMENT - MISCELLANEOUS 1. Signalling equipment, miscellaneous 2. Electric power-on indicators 3. Signalling discs, police 4. Signalling equipment for firing ranges 5. Signalling equipment, miscellaneous, nsk

NAICS / SIC coded reports and databases This is a Market & Company database which is designed to be compatible with U.S. government databases. For NAICS / SIC coded reports and databases, the report structures are an analogue of U.S. Department of Commerce / U.S. Census databases, but in a worldwide context. For a full explanation of the NAICS coding system see: http://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/ These Materials, Products, Services & Revenue Lines codes and definitions are determined by the U.S. Government agencies.

http://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/


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Report Description


SIGNALLING EQUIPMENT - MISCELLANEOUS MARKET WORLD REPORT

The Signalling Equipment, Miscellaneous Market World Summary Report gives Market Data for 6 Products & Services in 100 countries, by each (Signalling equipment, miscellaneous) Product, by Time series: Historic for the past 7 years, and Forecasts for the next 7 years. The Signalling Equipment, Miscellaneous Market World Report PDF Edition covers 100 significant countries individually; in addition this report also contains a World Total, and 9 Regional Totals: Canada and the USA, Central America, South America, Europe, Eurasia, Middle East, Africa, Asia, and Oceania. MARKET DATA in US$ by Country by each of 6 Markets / Products / Services by Year: Historic for the past 7 years, and Forecasts for the next 7 years. FINANCIAL DATA for each Country for each Financial and Balance Sheet item by each year: Historic for the past 7 years, and Forecasts for the next 7 years. INDUSTRY DATA for each Country for each Industry item by period (Previous / Current / Forecast). The data is based on an analysis of 3,145 Companies/Organisations worldwide. 414 pages. This database is updated monthly. Upgrade to database editions available.

Overview

SIGNALLING EQUIPMENT - MISCELLANEOUS MARKET WORLD REPORT

The Signalling Equipment, Miscellaneous Market World Summary Report gives Market Data for Products & Services in 100 countries, by each Product, by 2 Time series: Historic for the past 7 years, and Forecasts for the next 7 years.

This report is designed to provide hard tabular data.

Whereas the main database for Signalling Equipment, Miscellaneous covers over 200 countries, this PDF Summary Edition usually covers 100 appropriate countries, including: Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, French Guiana, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guyana, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,


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Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malawi, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia & Montenegro, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, The Netherlands, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia.

In addition to data on individual countries, this report also contains a World Total, and 9 Regional Totals: Canada and the USA, Central America, South America, Europe, Eurasia, Middle East, Africa, Asia, and Oceania.

MARKET DATA - in US$, by Country, by (Signalling equipment, miscellaneous) Products / Services, by Year: Historic for the past 7 years, and Forecasts for the next 7 years.

SIGNALLING EQUIPMENT - MISCELLANEOUS 1. Signalling equipment, miscellaneous 2. Electric power-on indicators 3. Signalling discs, police 4. Signalling equipment for firing ranges 5. Signalling equipment, miscellaneous, nsk

FINANCIAL DATA for each Country, for each Balance Sheet item: Historic for the past 7 years, and Forecasts for the next 7 years. Balance Sheet: Total Sales, Domestic Sales, Exports, Pre-tax Profit, Interest Paid, Non-trading Income, Operating Profit, Depreciation: Structures, Depreciation: Plant & Equipment, Depreciation: Miscellaneous Items, Total Depreciation, Trading Profit, Intangible Assets, Intermediate Assets, Fixed Assets: Structures, Fixed Assets: Plant & Equipment, Fixed Assets: Miscellaneous Items, Fixed Assets, Capital Expenditure on Structures, Capital Expenditure on Plant & Equipment, Capital Expenditure on Vehicles, Capital Expenditure on Data Processing Equipment, Capital Expenditure on Miscellaneous Items, Total Capital Expenditure, Retirements: Structures, Retirements: Plant & Equipment, Retirements: Miscellaneous Items, Total Retirements, Total Fixed Assets, Finished Product Stocks, Work in Progress as Stocks, Materials as Stocks, Total Stocks / Inventory, Debtors, Total Maintenance Costs, Services Purchased, Miscellaneous Current Assets, Total Current Assets, Total Assets, Creditors, Short Term Loans, Miscellaneous Current Liabilities, Total Current Liabilities, Net Assets / Capital Employed, Shareholders Funds, Long Term Loans, Miscellaneous Long Term Liabilities, Workers, Hours Worked, Work in each Quarter, Total Employees, Raw Materials Cost, Finished Materials Cost, Fuel Cost, Electricity Cost, Total Input Supplies / Materials & Energy Costs, Payroll Costs, Wages, Directors Remunerations, Employee Benefits, Employee Commissions, Total Employees Remunerations, Sub Contractors, Rental & Leasing: Structures, Rental & Leasing: Plant & Equipment, Total Rental & Leasing Costs, Maintenance: Structures, Maintenance: Plant & Equipment, Communications Costs, Miscellaneous Expenses, Sales Personnel Variable & Commission Costs, Sales Expenses & Costs, Sales Materials Costs, Total Sales Costs, Distribution Fixed Costs, Distribution Variable Costs, Warehousing Fixed Costs, Warehousing Variable Costs, Physical Handling Fixed Costs, Physical Handling Variable Costs, Physical Process Fixed Costs, Physical Process Variable Costs, Total Distribution & Handling Costs, Mailing & Correspondence Costs, Media Advertising Costs, Advertising Materials & Print Costs, POS & Display Costs, Exhibition & Events Costs, Total


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Advertising Costs, Product Returns & Rejection Costs, Product Installation & Re-Installation Costs, Product Breakdown & Post Installation Costs, Product Systems & Configuration Costs, Product Service & Maintenance Costs, Customer Problem Solving & Customer Complaint Costs, Total After-Sales Costs, Total Marketing Costs, New Technology Expenditure, New Production Technology Expenditure, Total Research & Development Expenditure, Total Operational & Process Costs, Debtors within Agreed Terms, Debtors Outside Agreed Terms, Un-recoverable Debts. Financial Margins & Ratios: Return on Capital, Return on Assets, Return on Shareholders Funds, Pre-tax Profit Margins, Operating Profit Margin, Trading Profit Margin, Return on Investment, Assets Utilisation (given as a ratio of Sales to Total Assets), Sales as a ratio of Fixed Assets, Stock Turnover (Sales as a ratio of Stocks), Credit Period, Creditors Ratio (given as Creditors divided by Sales times 365 days), Default Debtors given as a Ratio of Total Debtors, Un-Recoverable Debts given as a Ratio of Total Debts, Working Capital / Sales, Materials & Energy Costs as a % of Sales, Added Value, Investment as a Ratio of Added Value, Value of Plant & Equipment as a % of Sales, Vertical Integration (Value Added as a % of Sales), Research & Development Investment as a % of Sales, Capital Expenditure Investment as a % of Sales, Marketing Costs as a % of Sales, Current Ratio (Current Assets as a ratio of Current Liabilities), Quick Ratio, Borrowing Ratio (or Total Debt as a ratio of Net Worth), Equity Ratio (Shareholders Funds as a ratio of Total Liabilities), Income Gearing, Total Debt as a ratio of Working Capital, Debt Gearing Ratio (Long Term Loans as a ratio of Net Worth), Average Remuneration (all employees - full & part-time), Profit per Employee, Sales per Employee, Remunerations / Sales, Fixed Assets per Employee, Capital Employed per Employee, Total Assets per Employee, Value of Average Investment per Employee, Value Added per Employee, Materials Costs as a % of Sales, Wage Costs as a % of Sales, Payroll & Wages as a Ratio to Materials, Variable Costs as a % of Sales, Fixed Costs as a % of Sales, Fixed Costs as a Ratio of Variable Costs, Distribution Costs as a % of Sales, Warehousing Costs as a % of Sales, Physical Costs as a % of Sales, Fixed as a Ratio of Variable Distribution Costs, Fixed as a Ratio of Variable Warehousing Costs, Fixed as a Ratio of Variable Physical Costs, Fixed as a Ratio of Variable Total Distribution & Handling Costs, Product Returns & Rejections Costs as a % of Sales, Product Installation & Associated Costs as a % of Sales, Product Breakdown & Associated Costs as a % of Sales, Product Systems & Associated Costs as a % of Sales, Product Service & Associated Costs as a % of Sales, Customer Complaint & Associated Costs as a % of Sales, Stock Work in Progress & Materials as a Ratio of Finished Products, Stock Materials as a Ratio of Work in Progress, Un-recoverable Debts as a Ratio of Total Debt, Un-recoverable Debts as a Ratio of Debts Within Agreed Terms, Total Sales Costs as a % of Sales, Total Distribution & Handling Costs as a % of Sales, Total Advertising Costs as a % of Sales, Total After-Sales Costs as a % of Sales, Total Customer Compensation Costs as a % of Sales, Total Variable Marketing Costs as a % of Sales, Total Fixed Marketing Costs as a % of Sales, Total Fixed Marketing Costs as a Ratio of Total Variable Marketing Co, Variable Sales Personnel Costs as a Ratio of Marketing Costs, Variable Distribution & Handling Costs as a Ratio of Marketing Costs, Variable Advertising Costs as a Ratio of Marketing Costs, Variable After-Sales Costs as a Ratio of Marketing Costs, Sales Personnel Variable Costs as a Ratio of Sales, Sales Personnel Variable Costs as a Ratio of Debtors, Sales Personnel Variable Costs as a Ratio of Un-Recoverable Debtors, Exports as a % of Sales, $ Hourly Pay Rate, $ Hourly Wage Rate, Capital Employed.

INDUSTRY DATA (Signalling equipment, miscellaneous, by country, by year): OEM & Manufacturers Market Level, Wholesale & Distributor Market Level, Retailer & Added Value Retailer Market Level, End User & Consumer Market Level, Discounted & Promotional Market Level, Plant & Equipment Average Annual Investment, Product Prices / Market Average Index, New Products Introduction Index, Relative output of Products of a Superior Quality Index,


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Index of Comparative Salesforce & Selling Expenditure, Index of Comparative Advertising Expenditure, Index of Comparative General Promotional Expenditure, Product Adoption Rates, Product Sales Conversion Rates, Average Annual Sales Growth Rate, Capacity Utilization as a measure of Standard Capacity, Standardized Products & Services Index, Relative Employee Compensation Index, Instable Market Share as an Index of Total Market Share, Relative Forward Integration Index, Plant & Equipment Investment greater than Depreciation, Plant & Equipment Investment Equal to Depreciation, Plant & Equipment Investment Less than Depreciation, Plant & Equipment Investment - Unallocated, Plant & Equipment in Use within the range 0-3 years, Plant & Equipment in Use 3-6 years, Plant & Equipment in Use 6-9 years, Plant & Equipment in Use over years 9 old / Unallocated, Supplier Concentration = 8 Largest, 20 Largest, 50 Largest, Supplier Concentration Unspecified / Unallocated, Immediate Wholesale & Retail Customers, Immediate OEM & Manufacturing Customers, Immediate Consumer & End User Customers, Immediate Non-Specific Customers / Unallocated, Enterprises within the Range 1-19 Employees, Enterprises 20-99 Employees, Enterprises 100+ Employees, Enterprises within Unspecified / Unallocated Employee Ranges, Buyer Age Profile in the range 0-19 Years, Buyer Age Profile 20-24 Years, Buyer Age Profile 25-34 Years, Buyer Age Profile 35-44 Years, Buyer Age Profile 45-54 Years, Buyer Age Profile 55-64 Years, Buyer Age Profile 65+ / Unallocated Years, Buyer Profile in the AB Social Group, Buyer Profile C1 Social Group, Buyer Profile C2 Social Group, Buyer Profile DE / Unallocated Social Group, End User Age Profile in the range 0-19 Years, End Users 20-24 Years, End Users 25-34 Years, End Users 35-44 Years, End Users 45-54 Years, End Users 55-64 Years, End Users 65+ / Unallocated Years, End User Profile in the AB Social Group, End Users C1 Social Group, End Users C2 Social Group, End Users DE / Unallocated Social Group.

COMPANIES: Data is available on the 3,145 individual Companies or Organisations (Signalling equipment, miscellaneous).

Hard tabular data on 6 Markets/Products/Services in 100 Countries: 414 pages. This database is updated monthly.

UPGRADE: The Signalling Equipment, Miscellaneous Market World Report + Database is available in many editions. A World Database Edition of this report is available which covers about 200 countries, by 6 Purchasing / Expenses Products from 1997 with a forecast to 2046 This is a very large database with 2158 pages, 9639 spreadsheets, 9667 database tables, 539 illustrations. The database contains a number of Access databases which are an analogue of U.S. Government databases, and have the same database structures, datasets, field names, et al.

Product Volume or Unit data is available on request. Data on the individual 3,145 Supply / Distribution / Purchasing Companies or Organisations is available at any time (during 12 months) from the After-Sales Service.

Contents

SIGNALLING EQUIPMENT - MISCELLANEOUS MARKET REPORT

The Signalling Equipment, Miscellaneous Market World Summary Report covers:


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TIME SERIES: Historic: Past 7 Years - by each year & Forecasts: Next 7 Years - by each year, by 6 Products & Market Sectors.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Report Specifications 6 Markets/Products/Services 100 Countries World Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Canada & USA Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Central America Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms South America Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Europe Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Eurasia Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Middle East Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Africa Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Asia Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Oceania Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Algeria Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Argentina Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Australia Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Austria Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Azerbaijan Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Bahrain Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Bangladesh Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Belarus Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Belgium Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Nigeria Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Norway Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Pakistan Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Panama Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Paraguay Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Peru Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Philippines Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Poland Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Portugal Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Romania Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Russia Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Saudi Arabia Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Serbia & Montenegro Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Singapore Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Slovakia Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Slovenia Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms South Africa Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms South Korea Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Spain Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Sri Lanka Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms


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Suriname Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Sweden Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Switzerland Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Taiwan Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Tanzania Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Thailand Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Tunisia Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Turkey Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Uganda Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Ukraine Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms United Arab Emirates Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms United Kingdom Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms United States Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Uruguay Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Uzbekistan Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Venezuela Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Vietnam Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Zambia Historic + Forecast: Market US$ Million : Financials & Margins : Industry Norms Market Notes & Definitions Financial Notes & Definitions Industry Norms Definitions Coupon: To upgrade to a Database Edition at a reduced cost. Database Editions available Markets & Products Products covered Geographic Coverage Financial data General Contents Database Edition Market Research Contents Databases & Structures Spreadsheets Chapters Countries Methodology Deliverables Toolkits Proprietary Software package compatibility Resource Web The Entry Level product Real Time Support Research & Survey Methodology Analysis Appendix 1: Regional Report country coverage Appendix 2: About the After-Sales Service How to order After-Sales Services Modular Research 1. Market Research


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2. Distribution Channels & End Users Data 3. Survey Data 4. Corporate Data 5. Additional Data Database Products supported by the After-Sales Service.


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Countries Covered

Algeria Argentina Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Belarus Belgium Bolivia Bosnia & Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Bulgaria Cambodia Canada Chile Colombia Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Estonia Finland France French Guiana Georgia Germany Ghana

Greece Guyana Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Kazakhstan Kenya Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Latvia Lebanon Lithuania Luxembourg Malawi Malaysia Mexico Morocco New Zealand Nicaragua Nigeria Norway Pakistan Panama Paraguay

Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Romania Russia Saudi Arabia Serbia & Montenegro Singapore Slovakia Slovenia South Africa South Korea Spain Sri Lanka Suriname Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Tanzania Thailand The Netherlands Tunisia Turkey Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Uzbekistan Venezuela Vietnam Zambia

Data Caveat The report databases are designed to give a common definition, unit of measure and quantification of markets in over 200 countries. The reports rely on data collection at various levels of the product flow; this effectively means, the producer, the distribution channels and the end user or consumers. This data is then correlated with any national and international statistical data produced by official agencies. Unfortunately, product flow data gathering in some countries is difficult, and furthermore the official statistical data is both inaccurate and sparse. In such circumstances, in some countries, we have to flag a Data Caveat as a warning. What this means is that in some countries the data is not sufficiently verifiable for statistical purposes and in those cases the data may not be presented.


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Market Notes & Definitions

ALL MARKET DATA FIGURES ARE IN REAL TERMS : US$

REAL TERMS are figures excluding the effects of inflation, thus the Forecasts and figures given can be readily converted into units or volume. This is done by applying the average prices for the base year and dividing the figures by this price for all years. Thus it is possible to easily ascertain both historic and forecasted product volume.

A "most recent published accounts" base is used because most company accounts are historic and thus clients will be able to compare the figures given in this report with their own company figures without the need for conversion or the need for inflators or multiplying factors.

AVERAGE SALES PRICES ARE NOT APPROPRIATE OR APPLICABLE TO THIS DATABASE

The effect of using Real Terms figures is that the forecasted figures will be depressed, as they do not include inflation, and figures from former years (i.e. before the Base Year) will be increased.

The Current or Base Year is at the convergent point as is the Current cost. This Current Cost usually increases because of the effects of inflation. The Real Terms figures do not include the effects of inflation and thus only increases or decreases if the actual product volume or units increase or decrease. In this way it is possible to evaluate the market and other figures more realistically.

The figures and the Trend figures represent an overall median probability trend line that is plotted to give the most probable course amongst the annual forecast scatter. Thus, the figures do not reflect year-on-year depressions and peaks in absolute terms, but instead represents a year-on-year modified trend line. The various SCENARIOS provided in the database reflect the differential forecasts specific to the factors being forecast.

The U.S. government uses the term Constant dollars (or “real” dollars) and this is defined thus: Output values converted to a base price level, calculated by dividing current (or actual) dollars by a deflator. Use of constant dollars eliminates the effects of price changes between the year of measurement and the base year and allows calculation of real changes in output.

HISTORIC & FORECAST DATA TRANSITION PERIODS

The HISTORIC DATA covers the last 7 years to the current year, and the MEDIAN FORECAST DATA series covers the next 7 years. There is always a transition period; which is in fact during the last two quarters, i.e. whilst the historic data is being collated. In addition the data given for the next two quarters is considered an estimate rather than a forecast. Thus the 12 month period around the database output date is an estimate.


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THE MARKET ENVIRONMENT

There are four basic issues to investigate when considering the market environment:

1. Market Growth 2. Market Structure

3. Market/s Serviced 4. Customer & End User Factors

1. MARKET GROWTH (both short-term and medium term) is fully analysed in other sections and further analysed in these sections. The importance of this factor is of course self-evident and thus not requiring further explanation. 2. THE MARKET STRUCTURE is very critical for profitability. The nature of the market, the location of the Marketplace, the customer base and the supplier structure is fully provided in several other sections of this study and therefore no further discussion is necessary. 3. MARKET SERVICED is the term used to denote the function between the product/s and services offered by companies and the particular market sector the marketing effort reaches. In addition, there is the MARKET AVAILABILITY to consider as this represents the ‘real market’ available to any particular company or supplier.

TOTAL AVAILABLE MARKET

Thus the Market Area Serviced is the sector of the market for which companies are offering a suitable product or service and Available Markets the sector of the market reached by a company's marketing effort. The areas marked as the overlap in the Market Area Serviced, i.e. the market sector for which companies are offering suitable product/s or services and which may theoretically be reached by a company’s marketing activities, but of which part is controlled by either other Purchasers or Suppliers. The Market Availability is the total market perceived by the total Purchaser universe; however the Available Markets the market which is actually available to individual Suppliers.

The Market Area Serviced is the true market in terms of product/s and services, however parts of this market may be difficult or impossible to attain due to the control exerted by either the controlling Purchasers or Suppliers.


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HISTORIC DATA & TIME SERIES

Last 7 Years to Current Year

This standard HISTORIC format is the most popular time series demanded by readers. Many readers feel that it is more important to know what is likely to happen in the recent past rather that what has transpired in the long-term past. The HISTORIC DATA in the database covers the years from 1997 to the Current Year.

FORECAST DATA & TIME SERIES : MEDIAN MARKET FORECAST

From the Current Year to the next 7 Years

The MEDIAN FORECAST DATA covers the next 7 years. This standard FORECAST format is the most popular format demanded by readers.

We can of course provide readers with other data on long-range forecast data and this is done as part of the After-Sales Service.

1. ALL FIGURES IN THIS SECTION ARE IN REAL TERMS: Current Year BASE

REAL TERMS are prices excluding the effects of inflation, thus the Market figure given can be readily converted into units or volume. This is done by applying the average sales prices for the Current Year and dividing the Market figures by this price for all years. Thus it is possible to easily ascertain previous and forecasted product volume.

A base year is used because company accounts are historic and thus readers will be able to compare the figures given in this volume with their own figures without the need for conversion or the need for inflators or multiplying factors.

The effect of using Real Terms figures is that the forecasted figures will be depressed, as they do not include inflation, and figures from former years will be increased.

2. The Market figures and the Trend figures represent an overall median probability trend line which is plotted to give the most probable course amongst the annual market forecast scatter. Thus the figures do not reflect year-on-year depressions and peaks in absolute terms, but instead represents a year-on-year modified trend line.

3. All analyses are based on correlations of the results of the Surveys of Suppliers, Distribution and Customers. Thus, for example, an analysis of Market Sectors will gain data firstly from the End User Surveys and secondly confirmations and correlations will be gained from the Surveys of Suppliers / Distributors. This in the opinion of the publishers is a very accurate method and is far superior than, for example, that which is used in the compilation of the majority of published governmental statistics.

4. All figures given in this volume refer only to the product/s covered and not to any other product or systems which may be connected or associated with the products covered.

5. The TREND figures given in the Industry section of this volume refers to the average year-on-year change in the period specified.

6. The YEAR-ON-YEAR TREND figures given in this volume refer to the average year-on-year change in the period specified

The AVERAGE GROWTH TRENDS figures refer to the long term trends over the period.

Thus the actual Trend is given by a year-on-year figure and the long-term Trends are given as a Real Terms Forecast.


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DATABASE LONG-RANGE DATA & TIME SERIES

From 1972 until the Next 28 Years

The database contains a LONG-RANGE HISTORIC time series which covers the years from 1972. This is the standard long range HISTORIC format. We provide readers with this time series (on request) to enable long range regressional analysis for forecasting models which require an extended time period analysis.

The database contains a LONG-RANGE FORECAST time series which covers a period for the next 28 years. This is the standard long range forecast format and is usually used for planning production plant / capital projects, macro-economic trends and demographics data.

We can of course provide readers with other data on long-range historic and forecast data and this is done as part of the After-Sales Service.

EXCHANGE RATES + PURCHASING POWER PARITY

The report database and forecasting models do not use current market or bank exchange rates as these can be deceptive. The rates used are those of the base year in addition to a number of real value factors which reflect the actual or forecasted value of the product in each of the national markets over the period 1974 to 2028. A simple conversion of local currency into U.S. Dollars or any other national currency cannot be used to adequately represent products or services.

The report database and forecasting models are attempting to show the relative values of products or markets free from any extraneous effects of currency movements or government fiscal policy which arbitrarily alter currency exchange rates. Thus the currency calculations and data in the database are indicating relative unit values or the relative cost of the product or service in the national market.

We do not indicate the Currency Conversion Rate that you can use with any calculations and readers will have to apply their own discretion in this respect. Beware however, such calculations involving currency conversions can be artificial and spurious and do not reflect real values of either products or markets.

The diagram shows the problem of relating Product or Market Values or Costs in Real Terms (+), the National Currency Value in Real Terms (i.e. excluding the effects of Inflation) and the Value of another currency (the Converted Currency, given as $) in relation to the National Currency.

PRODUCT PARITY The basis of the data provided is to allow users to produce business plans and forecasting models across national and statistically diverse boundaries. Thus it is necessary to adopt a standard product definition which can be then applied across national borders. The product definition chosen is the U.S. government’s NAICS product codes (and the previous SIC product codes where relevant). The problem is to apply these product definitions across the national boundaries. The U.S. government stubbornly clings to the imperial system of measurement and this further complicates the matter. The use of PRODUCT PARITY is intended to allow trans-national business planning and forecasting (however readers can request data based on national product definitions), and in general terms Product Parity means that equivalent products are compared even where the exact technical specification, or quantification, of the product is not the same. Thus a 12 fluid ounce liquid container as defined in the (Imperial measuring system) NAICS product codes is quantitatively equivalent to 35.5ml, however for the purposes of Product Parity it will be the equivalent of a 33ml liquid container in countries with a Metric measuring system. Similarly in non-Metric markets a 16 ounces or 1 pound Imperial measure, whilst actually equivalent to 454 grams, will equate to a 450 gram product in Metric measure markets. For many products this ‘Product Parity’ will be based on the ‘Purchasing Parity unit costs’ -v- ‘product performance’, rather than ‘unit cost’ -v- ‘technical specifications’. This is because national markets impose different technical specifications on products which essentially fulfil the same customer requirement, and thus these products have a Product Parity which can be used for uniform, cross border, business planning and forecasting.


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Financial Notes & Definitions

HISTORIC & FORECAST FINANCIAL DATA TRANSITION PERIODS

The HISTORIC DATA covers the last 7 years, and the FORECAST DATA series covers the next 7 years. There is always a transition period; which is in fact during the last two quarters, i.e. whilst the historic data is being collated. In addition the data given for the next two quarters is considered an estimate rather than a forecast. Thus the 12 month period around the database output date is an estimate.

For the various Financial Scenarios it must be assumed that the Scenario factor or strategy being considered will not exert an impact on the forecast immediately and will not become evident for some time after its inception. Whilst the forecasting models used operates on a monthly time scale and does also take account of other temporal factors (for example seasonality of demand, industry accounting periods, stock taking scheduling, et al) it would be too pedantic to express the transition year in greater detail. Therefore in the forecast data a straight line plot is produced between the BASE year, through the transition period to the first full forecast year.

The data in this section derives data from 3,145 worldwide companies and organisations (Suppliers and Distribution Channel members).

ALL FINANCIAL DATA FIGURES ARE IN REAL TERMS

FINANCIAL BALANCE SHEETS

Row TITLE LEGEND

1

TOTAL SALES The TOTAL SALES figures given are synchronized with the Median Market Forecast and not to the individual Market Scenario Forecasts. This ensures that one can use a standardized market measure to compare the Financial data and not have the additional complication of interpreting the financial data in relation to the market scenarios.

2 DOMESTIC SALES % Sales

3 EXPORTS % Sales

4 PRE-TAX PROFIT % Sales

5 INTEREST PAID % Sales

6 NON-TRADING INCOME % Sales

7 OPERATING PROFIT % Sales

8 DEPRECIATION: STRUCTURES % Sales

9 DEPRECIATION: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT % Sales

10 DEPRECIATION: MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS % Sales

11 TOTAL DEPRECIATION % Sales

12 TRADING PROFIT % Sales

13 INTANGIBLE ASSETS % Sales

14 INTERMEDIATE ASSETS % Sales

15 FIXED ASSETS: STRUCTURES % Sales

16 FIXED ASSETS: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT % Sales

17 FIXED ASSETS: MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS % Sales

18 FIXED ASSETS % Sales

19 CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON STRUCTURES % Sales

20 CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON PLANT AND EQUIPMENT % Sales

21 CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON VEHICLES % Sales

22 CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON DATA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT % Sales

23 CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS % Sales


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Row TITLE LEGEND

24 TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURE % Sales

25 RETIREMENTS: STRUCTURES % Sales

26 RETIREMENTS: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT % Sales

27 RETIREMENTS: MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS % Sales

28 TOTAL RETIREMENTS % Sales

29 TOTAL FIXED ASSETS % Sales

30 FINISHED PRODUCT STOCKS % Sales

31 WORK IN PROGRESS AS STOCKS % Sales

32 MATERIALS AS STOCKS % Sales

33 TOTAL STOCKS & INVENTORY % Sales

34 DEBTORS % Sales

35 MISCELLANEOUS CURRENT ASSETS % Sales

36 TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS % Sales

37 TOTAL ASSETS % Sales

38 CREDITORS % Sales

39 SHORT TERM LOANS % Sales

40 MISCELLANEOUS CURRENT LIABILITIES % Sales

41 TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES % Sales

42 NET ASSETS / CAPITAL EMPLOYED % Sales

43 SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS % Sales

44 LONG TERM LOANS % Sales

45 MISCELLANEOUS LONG TERM LIABILITIES % Sales

46 WORKERS persons

47 HOURS WORKED Hours

48 WORK IN 1ST QUARTER % of Annual

49 WORK IN 2ND QUARTER % of Annual

50 WORK IN 3RD QUARTER % of Annual

51 WORK IN 4TH QUARTER % of Annual

52 TOTAL EMPLOYEES persons

53 RAW MATERIALS COST % Sales

54 FINISHED MATERIALS COST % Sales

55 FUEL COST % Sales

56 ELECTRICITY COST % Sales

57 TOTAL INPUT SUPPLIES / MATERIALS AND ENERGY COSTS % Sales

58 PAYROLL COSTS % Sales

59 WAGES % Sales

60 DIRECTORS' REMUNERATIONS % Sales

61 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS % Sales

62 COMMISSIONS & INCENTIVES PAID % Sales

63 TOTAL REMUNERATIONS % Sales

64 SUB CONTRACTORS % Sales

65 RENTAL & LEASING: STRUCTURES % Sales

66 RENTAL & LEASING: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT % Sales

67 TOTAL RENTAL & LEASING COSTS % Sales


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Row TITLE LEGEND

68 MAINTENANCE: STRUCTURES % Sales

69 MAINTENANCE: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT % Sales

70 TOTAL MAINTENANCE COSTS % Sales

71 SERVICES PURCHASED % Sales

72 COMMUNICATIONS COSTS % Sales

73 MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES % Sales

74 SALES PERSONNEL VARIABLE & COMMISSION COSTS % Sales

75 SALES EXPENSES AND COSTS % Sales

76 SALES MATERIALS COSTS % Sales

77 TOTAL SALES COSTS % Sales

78 DISTRIBUTION FIXED COSTS % Sales

79 DISTRIBUTION VARIABLE COSTS % Sales

80 WAREHOUSING FIXED COSTS % Sales

81 WAREHOUSING VARIABLE COSTS % Sales

82 PHYSICAL HANDLING FIXED COSTS % Sales

83 PHYSICAL HANDLING VARIABLE COSTS % Sales

84 PHYSICAL PROCESS FIXED COSTS % Sales

85 PHYSICAL PROCESS VARIABLE COSTS % Sales

86 TOTAL DISTRIBUTION AND HANDLING COSTS % Sales

87 MAILING & CORRESPONDENCE COSTS % Sales

88 MEDIA ADVERTISING COSTS % Sales

89 ADVERTISING MATERIALS & PRINT COSTS % Sales

90 POS & DISPLAY COSTS % Sales

91 EXHIBITION & EVENTS COSTS % Sales

92 TOTAL ADVERTISING COSTS % Sales

93 PRODUCT RETURNS & REJECTION COSTS % Sales

94 PRODUCT INSTALLATION & RE-INSTALLATION COSTS % Sales

95 PRODUCT BREAKDOWN & POST INSTALLATION COSTS % Sales

96 PRODUCT SYSTEMS & CONFIGURATION COSTS % Sales

97 PRODUCT SERVICE & MAINTENANCE COSTS % Sales

98 CUSTOMER PROBLEMS & CUSTOMER COMPLAINT COSTS % Sales

99 TOTAL AFTER-SALES COSTS % Sales

100 TOTAL MARKETING COSTS % Sales

101 NEW TECHNOLOGY EXPENDITURE % Sales

102 NEW PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY EXPENDITURE % Sales

103 TOTAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE % Sales

104 TOTAL OPERATIONAL & PROCESS COSTS % Sales

105 DEBTORS WITHIN AGREED TERMS % Sales

106 DEBTORS OUTSIDE AGREED TERMS % Sales

107 UN-RECOVERABLE DEBTS % Sales


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FINANCIAL DATA DEFINITIONS

Data given on: Definition:

% OF CUSTOMERS = 50% Revenue

The best estimate of the percentage of immediate customers accounting for 50% of the sales of the business.

% SHARE OF 4 LARGEST FIRMS

The combined market shares of the four leading firms in the industry, expressed as a percentage.

ACTUAL RETURN ON INVESTMENT

The actual, pre-tax net income expressed as a percentage of investment for the business, used to adjust the future estimates of ROI.

ASSET UTILIZATION Sales as a ratio of total sales.

AVERAGE REMUNERATION

Total employee remuneration divided by the number of employees.

BORROWING RATIO Total debt as a ratio of net worth.

CAPACITY UTILIZATION The average % percentage of standard capacity utilized during the year. Standard capacity is the sales value of the maximum output the business can sustain with: a) facilities normally in operation and b) current constraints (e.g. technology, work rules, labour practices, etc.)

CAPITAL EMPLOYED The sum of long term liabilities. It represents the counterpart of the net assets employed by the firm.

CREDIT PERIOD Debtors over sales times 365 days.

CREDITORS RATIO Creditors over sales times 365 days.

CREDITORS Trade creditors and bills payable within one year.

CURRENT RATIO Current assets as a ratio of current liabilities.

DEBT GEARING RATIO Long term loans as a ratio of net worth.

DEBTORS Trade debtors and trade bills receivable due within one year.

DEPRECIATION Includes amounts written off tangible fixed assets, including leased assets.

DIRECTORS REMUNERATION

Includes all payments made to directors including pension fund contributions, ex-gratia payments and payments to directors' family.

DISCOUNT CASH FLOW YIELD RATE

The internal rate of return after tax earned in this business when this strategy is executed. It is the time discount rate at which discounted cash flow plus residual is equal to initial investment.

DISCOUNTED CASH FLOW

The cash generated over ten years from net income, less the cash absorbed by increases in the net investment in the business. The annual cash flows are discounted to a present value, using the time discount rate.

DISCOUNTED NET INCOME (10 YEARS)

From pre-tax net income in each year is deducted a capital charge on the increase in investment since the base period to reflect the cost of these funds. The time discount rate is then applied to obtain the present value of the income stream for the 10 year period.

DOMESTIC REVENUES Wherever applicable, domestic Revenues represent the proportion of total turnover generated locally less exports produced by the same companies.

EMPLOYEES UNIONIZED The percentage of total employees of the business who are unionized.

EQUITY GEARING Shareholders’ funds as a ratio of total liabilities.

EXPORTS / REVENUES Exports divided by Revenues.

EXPORTS This figure will be shown where it has been disclosed.

FIFO VALUATION The accounting method used for inventory valuation FIFO, or other method (e.g. LIFO).

FIXED ASSETS / EMPLOYEES

Fixed assets divided by the number of employees.

FIXED ASSETS Property, plant, fixtures and fittings, office equipment and motor vehicles wholly owned and shown at their written down book value.

FIXED CAPITAL INTENSITY

Gross book value of plant & equipment expressed as a percentage of Revenues. Gross book value includes original value of buildings, real estate manufacturing & transportation equipment.


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FIXED CAPITAL INTENSITY

The gross book value of plant and equipment, expressed as a percentage of Revenues.

FORECAST REAL MARKET GROWTH RATE (% / YEAR)

An estimate of the future annual real growth rate of the served market.

FORECAST SELLING GROWTH RATE % p.a.

A forecast of the annual growth rate of the selling prices.

IMMEDIATE CUSTOMER FRAGMENTATION

The proportion of the total number of immediate customers accounting for 50% of total Revenues, expressed as a percentage. For example, if 5 of a business's 100 immediate customers represent 50% Revenue, immediate customer fragmentation is 5%.

INCOME GEARING Interest paid as a percentage of profit before tax and before interest paid.

INDUSTRY (SIC/NAICS) GROWTH, LONG RUN

The annual long term (10 year) growth rate of the SIC/NAICS industry in which the business is located, expressed as a percentage.

INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION RATIO

The amount of industry shipments accounted for by the four largest firms in the industry expressed as a percentage.

INTANGIBLE ASSETS Non-tangible assets such as good will, trademarks, patents and copyrights owned.

INTEREST PAID Gross interest paid. It should be noted that many private companies either do not disclose this figure in full or aggregate short-term, long-term and hire purchase interest together.

INTERMEDIATE ASSETS Includes investments in subsidiary and associated companies, trade investments and other unquoted investments, insurance premiums on life policies, and Advanced Corporation Tax recoverable. In addition, amounts due from other Group companies (as necessary), associated and affiliated companies, receivable after one year and with no stated fixed repayment terms will be included. Long term portions of trade and sundry debtors will also be included, wherever they are disclosed separately in the accounts.

INVENTORY / REVENUES The sum of raw materials, work-in-process inventory and finished goods inventory (each net of reserve for losses) as a percentage of Revenues.

INVESTMENT / REVENUES

Investment as a percentage of Revenues. Investment can be measured in any of the following ways: a) net book value of plant and equipment plus working capital b) equity plus long-term debt c) total assets employed minus current liabilities attributable to the business.

INVESTMENT / VALUE ADDED

Investment expressed as a percentage of value added. Value added is adjusted for profits to minimize that portion of the relationship with ROI which is caused by under or overstated earnings.

INVESTMENT PER EMPLOYEE

Average investment, expressed in monetary units per employee.

LONG TERM LOANS Includes long term portions of bank & other institutional loans, mortgages, hire purchase repayments and leasing obligations, all of which are due after one year. Also, amounts due to group, associated & affiliated companies payable after one year are included.

MARKET POSITION A factor combining: a) MARKET SHARE: the share of the served market for the business, expressed as a percentage. b) RELATIVE MARKET SHARE: the market share of the business relative to the combined market share of the three leading competitors, expressed as a percentage. For example if ones business has 30% of the market and the three largest competitors have 20%, 10% and 10%: 30 divided by (20+10+10) = 75%.

MARKET SHARE GROWTH RATE

The annual growth rate of market share expressed as a percentage.

MARKET SHARE INSTABILITY

The instability of the market share of the business, measured as the sum of the absolute values of the business's annual market share changes.

MARKET SHARE The share of the served market expressed as a percentage.

MARKETING EXPENSES / REVENUES

The sum of salesforce, advertising, promotion and other marketing expenses expressed as a percentage of Revenues. Does not include costs of physical distribution.

MISCELLANEOUS CURRENT ASSETS

Cash and near cash items such as quoted investments and tax reserve certificates. Also sundry debtors, prepayments & accrued income due within one year, plus amounts due from group companies, associated & affiliated companies receivable within one year.

MISCELLANEOUS CURRENT LIABILITIES

Sundry creditors, accrued expenses and prepaid income including dividends, corporation tax, social security and other sundry amounts payable within one year.


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MISCELLANEOUS LONG TERM LIABILITIES

Deferred and future taxation, minority interests, pension funds and similar liabilities, provisions for liabilities and charges due.

NET ASSETS The net assets employed are obtained by subtracting total current liabilities from the total assets.

NET WORTH Equals shareholders’ funds less the intangible assets.

NEW PRODUCT SALES / REVENUES

Percentage of sales accounted for by new products. New products are those products introduced during the three preceding years.

NEWNESS OF PLANT & EQUIPMENT (NBV / GBV)

Newness of plant and equipment, measured as the ratio of Net Book Value to Gross Book Value.

NON-TRADING INCOME Comprises Investment income received, such as income from quoted & unquoted investments, rents received, share of profit from associated companies; as well as Reserves adjustments, such as transfers from capital grant reserve, interest relief grants.

NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES + THEIR REMUNERATION

The average number of employees together with their aggregate wages and salaries.

OPERATING PROFIT MARGIN

Operating profit as a percentage of sales.

OPERATING PROFIT Pre-tax profit plus interest, less non-trading income.

PRE-TAX PROFIT MARGIN Pre-tax profits as a percentage of sales.

PRE-TAX PROFIT The net trading profit figure declared after deducting all operating expenses including depreciation & finance charges but before deduction of tax, dividends, subventions or group relief and other appropriations. Consolidated data is included where applicable in respect of the share of profits & losses of associated companies. Items described as exceptional are included. Those described as extraordinary items are excluded.

PROFIT / EMPLOYEES Profit before tax divided by the number of employees.

PURCHASE AMOUNT IMMEDIATE CUSTOMERS

The typical amount of products or services bought by an immediate customer in a single transaction.

QUICK RATIO Current assets less stocks as a ratio of current liabilities.

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES / REVENUES

Product or Service R & D expenses plus Process R & D expenses expressed as a % Revenue. Product or Service R&D expenses include all expenses for innovation & advances in the products or services; including improvements in packaging, product design, features and functions. Process R & D expenses include all expenses for process improvements to reduce the cost of producing, processing and handling of goods. Sales are the net Revenues billed including lease revenues.

REAL MARKET GROWTH, SHORT-RUN

The annual growth rate of the size of served market, deflated by the selling price index, expressed as a percentage.

REAL MARKET GROWTH RATE

The historical annual real (unit) growth rate of the market which the business serves, expressed as a percentage.

RELATIVE COMPENSATION

The average of hourly wage rates relative to leading competitors and salary levels relative to competitors. Competitors' wage rates and salary levels are 100%; if ones wage rates and salary levels are 5% higher, ones relative hourly wage rates are 105%, relative salaries are 105%, and ones average relative compensation is 105%.

RELATIVE INTEGRATION BACKWARD

The degree of backward vertical integration (i.e. toward suppliers) of the business relative to its leading competitors.

RELATIVE INTEGRATION FORWARD

The degree of forward vertical integration (i.e. toward customers) of the business relative to its leading competitors (less than, the same as, more than).

RELATIVE MARKET SHARE

The market share of the business, relative to the combined market shares of the three leading competitors, expressed as a percentage.

RELATIVE PRICE The average level of selling prices of the products & services relative to the average level of the leading competitors. The average price of the competitors is 100%; if the average prices of the business are 5% higher when its price relative to competition is 105%.

RELATIVE PRODUCT QUALITY

The percentage of sales volume from products and service that, from the perspective of the consumer, are judged as superior to those available from leading competitors minus the percentage judged as inferior.

RETURN ON ASSETS Pre-tax profits as a percentage of total assets.

RETURN ON CAPITAL Pre-tax profits as a percentage of capital employed.


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RETURN ON SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS

Pre-tax profits as a percentage of shareholders’ funds.

ROI = NET INCOME / INVESTMENT

Pre-tax net income, including special non-recurring costs, minus corporate overhead costs, as a percentage of average investment including fixed and working capital at book value, but excluding corporate investment not particular to the business.

SALES / EMPLOYEES Sales divided by the number of employees.

SALES / FIXED ASSETS Sales as a ratio of fixed assets.

SALES Gross turnover recorded, including overseas sales, inter-group sales and exports, but excluding Value Added Tax or Sales Tax.

SALES The net sales billed, including lease revenues.

SELLING PRICE GROWTH RATE

The annual growth rate of selling prices charged, expressed as a percentage.

SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS The sum of issued, ordinary, and preference share capital, all reserves, the profit and loss balance (retained profits) and government grants.

SHORT TERM LOANS Includes short term portions of loans, bank overdrafts, hire purchase repayments & leasing obligations, due within one year. Plus amounts due to affiliated entities within one year.

STANDARD PRODUCTS / SERVICES

The products or services of the business more or less standardized for all customers, or are they designed or produced to order for individual customers.

STOCK TURNOVER Sales as a ratio of stocks.

STOCKS Stocks and work in progress (net of progress repayments) held.

TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS The sum of stocks, debtors and other current assets, representing the portion assets which is realizable within a year.

TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES

The sum of trade creditors, short term debt and other current liabilities.

TOTAL DEBT / WORKING CAPITAL

Total debt as a ratio of working capital.

TOTAL DEBT This amount is obtained by adding short term loans to the long term loans.

TOTAL LIABILITIES The sum of capital employed and total current liabilities.

TRADING PROFIT MARGIN Trading profit as a percentage of sales.

TRADING PROFIT Operating profit plus depreciation.

VALUE ADDED / EMPLOYEES

Value added (adjusted for profits) expressed in monetary terms per employee.

VERTICAL INTEGRATION Value added as a percentage of sales. Both value added & sales are adjusted for profits to minimize that portion of the relationship with ROI affected by under or overstated earnings.

WAGES / REVENUES Employee remuneration divided by Revenues.

WORKING CAPITAL / REVENUES

Working capital over Revenues.

WORKING CAPITAL The short-term funding to carry out day to day trading activities, it is obtained by subtracting total current liabilities from the current assets.


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Industry Norms Definitions The data in this section derives data from 3,145 worldwide companies and organisations (Suppliers and Distribution Channel members). Norms for the Product industry are shown in this section. This represents the major industry sector data for the industry in each country and as such forms the basis of international comparison. Only the most critical factors should be compared with the various scenarios given above as industry averages can at best represent an indication and not a specific point of measure. Reliance on Industry Norms is often used by analysts in order to support theories and suppositions and these are in turn used for investment scenarios. In fact Industry Norms or Averages are not tangible as they combine and manipulate data from companies in wide ranging activities. Much of the benefit in the analysis of Industry Norms is to use the data to provide guide-lines or parameters which can be seen to define and identify issues for the target industry sector. Since these Industry Norms should be representative of the entire industry it is wise to provide an average which encompasses all the major countries in the trade cell.

INDUSTRY NOTES + DEFINITIONS

01. OEM & Manufacturers Market Level

02. Wholesale & Distributor Market Level

03. Retailer & Added Value Retailer Market Level

04. End User & Consumer Market Level

05. Discounted & Promotional Market Level

06. Plant & Equipment Average Annual Investment

07. Product Prices / Market Average Index

08. New Products Introduction Index

09. Relative output of Products of a Superior Quality Index

10. Index of Comparative Salesforce and Selling Expenditure

11. Index of Comparative Advertising Expenditure

12. Index of Comparative General Promotional Expenditure

13. Product Adoption Rates

14. Product Sales Conversion Rates

15. Average Annual Sales Growth Rate

16. Capacity Utilization as a measure of Standard Capacity

17. Standardized Products & Services Index

18. Relative Employee Compensation Index

19. Instable Market Share as an Index of Total Market Share

20. Relative Forward Integration Index

21. Plant and Equipment Investment greater than Depreciation

Plant and Equipment Investment Equal to Depreciation

Plant and Equipment Investment Less than Depreciation

Plant and Equipment Investment - Unallocated

22. Plant and Equipment in Use within the range 0-3 years

Plant and Equipment in Use within the range 3-6 years


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Plant and Equipment in Use within the range 6-9 years

Plant and Equipment in Use over years 9 old / Unallocated

23. Supplier Concentration = 8 Largest

Supplier Concentration = 20 Largest

Supplier Concentration = 50 Largest

Supplier Concentration = Unspecified / Unallocated

24. Immediate Wholesale & Retail Customers

Immediate OEM and Manufacturing Customers

Immediate Consumer and End User Customers

Immediate Non-Specific Customers / Unallocated

25. Enterprises within the Range 1-19 Employees

Enterprises within the Range 20-99 Employees

Enterprises within the Range 100+ Employees

Enterprises within Unspecified / Unallocated Employee Ranges

26. Buyer Age Profile in the range 0-19 Years

Buyer Age Profile in the range 20-24 Years





Buyer Age Profile in the range 65+ / Unallocated Years

27. Buyer Profile in the AB Social Group

Buyer Profile in the C1 Social Group

Buyer Profile in the C2 Social Group

Buyer Profile in the DE / Unallocated Social Group

28. End User Age Profile in the range 0-19 Years

End User Age Profile in the range 20-24 Years





End User Age Profile in the range 65+ / Unallocated Years

29. End User Profile in the AB Social Group

End User Profile in the C1 Social Group

End User Profile in the C2 Social Group

01. End User Profile in the DE / Unallocated Social Group


26

3,145 Entities Signalling Equipment, Miscellaneous

Company Targets Signalling Equipment, Miscellaneous

This database contains data on 3,145 significant worldwide Companies (Suppliers and

Distribution Channel members).

Once users have identified from the Market document the Products or Services of interest, together with the

Countries of interest (based on the Markets, Profitability, Industry data, and other criteria) a next step is to access data

on the Company Targets, i.e. the individual Companies, Organisations and other Entities.

Users can get the data in several sections.

The Procurement Data provides information on the $ Values and/or Quantities/Volumes of Materials, Products and

Services purchased by individual Companies and Organisations. In addition to the Materials, Products & Services

listed above, additional breakdowns and more detailed product and service data is available from the raw surveys.

The Sales Data provides information on the $ Values and/or Quantities/Volumes of Products and Services sold by

individual Companies and Organisations. In addition to the Products & Services listed above, additional breakdowns

and more detailed product and service data is available from the raw surveys.

The Trade Buyer & End User Data provides information on the Trade Buyers and End Users of individual

Companies and Organisations.

The Survey Data provides information on the Surveys of Products & Services, Operations, Buyer & Decision Maker

Profiles, Trading Area, and Competitors.

The Corporate Data provides information on target companies or organisations and this will give readers a detailed

understanding of the target.

Cost + Delivery Costs depend on the data required. A quotation of cost and delivery will be provided on request from the After-Sales

Service (see below).


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Procurement & Input Data

Demand for Input Materials, Products & Services The Procurement Data provides information on the $ Values and/or Quantities/Volumes of Materials, Products and Services purchased by individual Companies and Organisations. In addition to the Materials, Products & Services listed, additional breakdowns and more detailed product and service data is available from the raw surveys. This will always include data, by year Historic: from 1997, and a Forecast by year to 2040. Data can be provided for up to 200 countries. The client can specify Input Materials / Product / Services breakdowns as needed.

Sales Data

Sales of Products & Services The Sales Data provides information on the $ Values and/or Quantities/Volumes of Products and Services sold by individual Companies and Organisations. In addition to the Products & Services listed above, additional breakdowns and more detailed product and service data is available from the raw surveys. This will always include data, by year Historic: from 1997, and a Forecast by year to 2040. Data can be provided for up to 200 countries. The client can specify Product / Services Market breakdowns as needed.

Trade Buyers & End User Data

Trade Buyers This data can investigate the Trade Buyers in the selected industries. The data is based on a series of existing Databases and raw survey data. The client can specify information as needed.

End Users This data can investigate the End Users in the selected industries. The data is based on a series of existing Databases and raw survey data. The client can specify information as needed.


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Survey Data

Survey Data for the Products & Industries Each survey (Suppliers, Distribution Channels, Decision Makers, Trade Buyers and End Users) contains 5 sub-sets for Products, Physical Operations, Buyer & End Users, Trading Area, & Competitors in the selected Industries.

Products The client can specify information as needed.

Physical Operations The client can specify information as needed.

Buyer & Decision Maker Profiles The client can specify information as needed.

Trading Area The client can specify information as needed.

Competitors The client can specify information as needed.

These surveys cover the Industries, Products, Competitors, Operations and Product Flows in terms of the Suppliers, Distributors, Decision Makers, and End Users.

Industry & Supplier Performance One can investigate the product Industry in the selected Industries. Industry Performance Survey results. The client can specify information as needed.

Distribution Channels One can investigate the product Distribution Channels in the selected Industries. Distribution Survey results. The client can specify information as needed.

Decision Makers One can investigate the product Buyers and Purchasing Decision Makers in the selected Industries. Purchasing Decision Makers Survey results. The client can specify information as needed.

Trade Buyers & End Users One can investigate the End Users in the selected Industries. Trade Buyer & End User Survey results. The client can specify information as needed.


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Corporate Data

This database contains data on 3,145 significant Companies (Suppliers and Distribution

Channel members) worldwide.

The Corporate Data provides information on target companies or organisations and this will give readers a detailed understanding of the target company.

This part is provided as a PDF file or a Word file, as specified by the client.

Sample Data Objectives for each Target Company

The data objectives have to be set by the client and were possible these will be achieved by the research. For example:-

1. Financials: historical sales, forecasted sales, gross profit margin.

a. By industry sector and application sector as defined by the client.

For example, for the sales made by a Target Company those products sold to specific categories of customers, how much of their revenue is generated from providing various products, or application to specific categories of customers, et cetera.

2. A list of products produced by the Target Company or sourced from other suppliers.

3. Type of distribution channel, e.g. direct sales to End Users, OEM sales, via specifiers, via importers or distributor, partnering with third party providers, et cetera.

4. Partners by type (e.g. specifiers, product distributor, customer service partner) per country

5. Pricing by product sector defined by the client.

6. Discount structures

7. Capacity by product/market defined

8. Availability of products (% of product in stock versus product to be ordered)

9. Sales by the type of Support for all categories specified by the client.

10. The average Modernization and Upgrades period by Product Sector defined by the client.

11. Customer Perceptions

12. The size (in terms of number) of management team per country, number of field sales persons per country, number of customer service staff per country.

13. Countries covered by the competitors, production sites (city), customer service sites (city), headcount, documentation.

14. Technology and innovation: innovative technology or application developments.

15. Et cetera… The client can specify any particular data which needs to be covered.

List of Target Companies The Client may either select the target themselves, or can specify the Top 10 or Top 15 in the World / Europe / individual Country / et cetera. The client can specify here which Target Companies are to be covered.


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Base data objectives for the Target Company Key Personnel

1. Chairman 2. Chief Executive 3. Directors: 4. Executives:

Corporate Summary

5. Company Description 6. Company History 7. Legal Entity & Ownership 8. Company Facilities 9. Company Key Assets 10. Mainline product / service 11. Product / services provided 12. Parent Company 13. Bankers 14. Year established 15. Current employees 16. Issued capital 17. Shareholders 18. Last published turnover 19. Subsidiaries 20. Associated companies 21. Companies represented 22. Agencies 23. Physical processing locations 24. Capital investment 25. Advertising expenditure 26. Advertising media 27. Advertising posture 28. Sales promotion activity 29. Method of selling 30. Distribution 31. Distribution network 32. Use of distribution channels

Corporate Observations 33. Premises 34. Product Brands 35. Product Sales Channels 36. Products Carried & Services Offered 37. Consumer Features & Benefits 38. Current Industry Analysis 39. Competition 40. Competitive Advantage 41. Target Industries 42. Target Customers 43. Current Strategy & Implementation 44. Current Management 45. Current Financial Plan 46. Investment Fund Sources & Use of Funds 47. Future Target Customers 48. Future Process Trends 49. Future Industry Analysis 50. Projected Industry Size 51. Planned Products & Services 52. Development Plans

SWOT Analysis 53. Strengths 54. Weaknesses 55. Opportunities 56. Threats

Future Strategy Planning & Implementation 57. Philosophy 58. Product Development 59. Internet Strategy 60. Marketing Strategy 61. Sales Strategy 62. Strategic Alliances 63. Operations

Goals 64. Renovating premises, stocking, staff & marketing. 65. Industry Penetration 66. Penetrate and raise awareness in target markets. 67. Achieving a higher profit margin. 68. Building the customer base. 69. Generate repeat and referral sales. 70. Expansion potential. 71. Reputation as a quality Supplier.

Exit Strategies

Management 72. Organisational Structure 73. Leadership 74. Staff Members

Financial Plans

75. Finance Requirements 76. Use of Funds 77. Cash Flow 78. Balance Sheet Topics 79. Financial Assumptions


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Specific Additional corporate data required on Target Companies The client can specify any particular corporate data which is needed:

80. - 81. - 82. - Et cetera

These above items are a qualitative analysis of the Target Company. This data is derived from the Surveys of Industry sources, Distribution Channels and Buyers of the products supplied by the target company. This data is not quantified, but is presented as the qualified and subjective opinions of those responding to the surveys.

Financial Data for the Target Company The financial data is provided in sections:- 1. the most salient Management figures and margins, and 2. a full Balance Sheet and Management Accounts simulation.

Management Accounts

Management figures for the Target Company: as an Excel file:

1. Product Revenue 2. Product Profitability as a % Revenue 3. Total Process Space 4. Average Site Process Space 5. Average Site Revenues 6. Average Site Establishment Cost 7. Fixed Assets: Premises 8. Fixed Assets: Equipment 9. Fixed Assets: Miscellaneous Items 10. Fixed Assets 11. Capital Expenditure on Premises 12. Capital Expenditure on Plant 13. Capital Expenditure on Equipment 14. Cap. Expend. on Data Processing 15. Capital Expenditure on Misc. Items 16. Total Capital Expenditure 17. Retirements: Premises 18. Retirements: Plant & Equipment 19. Retirements: Miscellaneous Items 20. Total Retirements

21. Total Fixed Assets 22. Finished Product Stocks 23. Work in Progress as Stocks 24. Materials as Stocks 25. Total Stocks / Inventory 26. Debtors 27. Miscellaneous Current Assets 28. Total Current Assets 29. Total Assets 30. Creditors 31. Short Term Loans 32. Miscellaneous Current Liabilities 33. Total Current Liabilities 34. Net Assets / Capital Employed 35. Long Term Loans 36. Miscellaneous Long Term Liabilities 37. Shareholders’ Funds 38. Process Workers 39. Total Employees

Specific Additional Financial data required on Target Companies

The client can specify any particular Financial data which is needed.


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Balance Sheet and Management Ratios

Balance Sheet and Management Accounts for the Target Company: as an Excel file:

1. Return on Capital 2. Return on Assets 3. Return on Shareholders' Funds 4. Pre-tax Profit Margins 5. Operating Profit Margin 6. Trading Profit Margin 7. Return on Investment 8. Assets Utilisation (Sales to Total Assets) 9. Sales as a ratio of Fixed Assets 10. Stock Turnover (Sales as a ratio of Stocks) 11. Credit Period 12. Creditors' Ratio (Creditors / Sales times 365 days) 13. Default Debtors / Ratio of Total Debtors 14. Un-Recoverable Debts Ratio of Total Debts 15. Working Capital / Sales 16. Materials & Energy Costs as a % Revenue 17. Added Value 18. Investment as a Ratio of Added Value 19. Value of Plant & Equipment % Revenue 20. Vertical Integration (Value Added % Revenue) 21. Research & Development Investment % Revenue 22. Capital Expenditure Investment % Revenue 23. Marketing Costs as a % Revenue 24. Current Ratio (Current Assets/Liabilities) 25. Quick Ratio 26. Borrowing Ratio Total Debt ratio of Net Worth) 27. Equity Ratio (Shareholders Funds : Total Liabilities) 28. Income Gearing 29. Total Debt as a ratio of Working Capital 30. Debt Gearing Ratio (Long Term Loans: Net Worth)

31. Average Remuneration (all employees) 32. Profit per Employee 33. Sales per Employee 34. Remunerations / Sales 35. Fixed Assets per Employee 36. Capital Employed per Employee 37. Total Assets per Employee 38. Value of Average Investment per Employee 39. Value Added per Employee 40. Materials Costs as a % Revenue 41. Wage Costs as a % Revenue 42. Payroll and Wages as a Ratio to Materials 43. Variable Costs as a % Revenue 44. Fixed Costs as a % Revenue 45. Fixed Costs as a Ratio of Variable Costs 46. Distribution Costs as a % Revenue 47. Warehousing Costs as a % Revenue 48. Physical Costs as a % Revenue 49. Fixed as a Ratio of Variable Distribution Costs 50. Fixed as a Ratio of Variable Warehousing Costs 51. Fixed as a Ratio of Variable Physical Costs 52. Fixed Ratio of Variable Total Distribution Costs 53. Product Returns Costs % Revenue 54. Product Installation Costs as a % Revenue 55. Product Breakdown Costs as a % Revenue 56. Product Systems Costs as a % Revenue 57. Product Service & Associated Costs % Revenue 58. Customer & Associated Costs % Revenue 59. Work in Progress / Materials Ratio Finished Products

60. Stock

61. Un-recoverable Debts Ratio of Total Debt 62. Un-recoverable Debts Ratio Within Terms 63. Total Sales Costs as a % Revenue 64. Total Distribution Costs as a % Revenue 65. Total Advertising Costs as a % Revenue 66. Total After-Sales Costs as a % Revenue 67. Total Customer Compensation Costs 68. Total Variable Marketing Costs % Revenue 69. Total Fixed Marketing Costs % Revenue 70. Total Fixed Marketing Costs : Ratio Variable Costs 71. Variable Sales Personnel Costs: Marketing 72. Variable Distribution Ratio Marketing Costs 73. Variable Advertising Costs : Marketing 74. Variable After-Sales Costs as a Ratio of Marketing Costs 75. Sales Personnel Variable Costs : Sales 76. Sales Personnel Variable Costs : Debtors 77. Sales Personnel Variable Costs 78. Exports as a % Revenue 79. $ Hourly Pay Rate 80. $ Hourly Wage Rate 81. Capital Employed 82. Return on Capital 83. Return on Assets 84. Return on Shareholders' Funds 85. Pre-tax Profit Margins 86. Operating Profit Margin

signalling equipment, miscellaneous · 2020. 5. 16. · signalling equipment, miscellaneous 2...

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