si2000/si3000 ics - integrated call server -...
TRANSCRIPT
Obr.: 70-159a
SI2000/SI3000 iCS integrated Call Server
Obr.: 70-159a MAD0151D0-GLE-040
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Preface The deregulation and removal of monopolies in the telecommunications market and the arrival of new technologies has enabled service providers to reduce their operating costs and seek new sources of revenue. These new technologies make possible a convergent service that offers voice and data services to both types of traditionally separated voice and data service providers. However, this represents a great challenge to service providers, who must transform their networks to meet these new challenges, while at the same time protecting their previous investments.
Because voice, internet, video, and VPN services were strictly separated in the past, we have witnessed the development of two parallel networks with different core technologies. Voice services were (and still are) offered on top of TDM networks, and data services were offered on top of packet networks. But in the 1990s it became clear that voice services could be offered with packet technologies. As a result of this technological development it became clear that next generation networks would be packet based, and convergent voice and data services would be offered on the same infrastructure.
An important part of the successful deployment of packet voice services is the intelligent network element with call-processing capabilities – the call server. For the successful deployment of packet voice services other new network functions must be deployed to the network. Signaling gateways, media gateways, access gateways, media servers and application servers must be deployed alongside the call server to offer voice services with all the features that subscribers are familiar with from the TDM world. The interconnection of all these network elements into a single solution is a very complex task involving the configuration of many network elements and complex protocols. This is why service providers are very careful when deploying packet voice services with distributed network elements. The demand for a simpler, but still effective solution, has dictated the development of integrated solutions for voice packet services within a single platform – the integrated Call Server.
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Obr.: 70-159a MAD0151D0-GLE-040
Integrated Call Server
Introduction Today we are converging voice and data networks, but most voice services are still being offered on top of TDM networks. Special, purpose-built network elements, the TDM switches, are used to control voice services and to offer voice services to customers. Some of the basic functions performed by the TDM network elements are:
• Call control and circuit switching
• Signaling
• Subscriber access
• Trunking
• Media server
• Advanced services (Centrex, prepaid, etc.)
Call control and the circuit-switching function perform some of the key operations necessary for voice services, like charging, subscriber and trunk provisioning and the interconnection of incoming and outgoing TDM channels. Signaling is used between TDM switches to transfer call-relevant information between elements to enable successful call control and circuit switching. Subscriber access enables the connection of subscribers to the network. Trunking enables the interconnection of TDM switches. The media-server function enables conferences, a variety of announcements and DTMF recognition. Advanced services include, e.g., Centrex or prepaid. These services were traditionally available with TDM switches.
Call Control and circuit switching
Subsriber access
Media server
Functions
TDM network
TDM network elements
TDM links
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All these functions are performed with dedicated hardware platforms. Because of the proprietary nature of these platforms, expansion and upgrading were very expensive and vendor specific. Service providers were not happy with these solutions and so vendors introduced some decomposition of the hardware platforms based on different functions. Some examples of this decomposition include special subscriber access elements. These network elements interconnected with TDM switches using standard protocols. But the decomposition of TDM switches was very limited and hardware elements were mostly still purpose built.
Decomposed NGN architecture With new technologies, like improved processing capabilities, a common packet-based infrastructure, cheap and fast interconnections through 100Mb and 1Gb Ethernet and the basic standardization of different protocols, it became possible to decompose voice services, enabling functions to different, widely used products. Because of the huge number of installed TDM networks, the packet voice and TDM voice services will have to co-exist for quite some time. Interconnecting packet voice services with installed TDM voice services is essential for the acceptance of packet voice services. This introduced some new and known basic functions that are needed for the successful deployment of packet voice services. Because TDM and packet networks are very different in their core operation, different gateway functions must be deployed in the network:
• Signaling gateway
• Media gateway
• Access gateway
The signaling-gateway function transforms signaling from the TDM switch to the call server, and back. The media-gateway function performs the transformation from TDM time slots to RTP packets, and the different protocols (G.711, G.729, G.723.1, T.38, etc.) used in packet networks. The access-gateway function enables the interconnection of TDM terminals to a packet network. There is no need for an access function in VoIP terminals because the packet core NGN network enables the interconnection of VoIP terminals directly to the call server.
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TDM switching
Subsriber access (POTS, ISDN)
Advanced services
Media server
Functions Decomposed NGN arhitecture
Call Control
MSAN
Media gateway
Signaling gateway IP network
VXML, ParlayX TTS, ASR
VoIP terminals
TDM network
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The call-control function is stand-alone in the NGN architecture and is performed by the call server. The decomposition of the call-control and switching functions is the main characteristic of NGN networks, and it makes possible a truly decomposed network architecture.
The convergence of voice and data services resulted in the development of different protocols and functions. Some examples of convergence are VXML and ParlayX. These functions are deployed to the network on off-the-shelf servers, as required.
Integrated NGN solutions In the late 1990s the concept of network development was a revolutionary one. The theory for NGN network development was “build new and discard old”. But it soon became clear that such a revolutionary approach was too optimistic and the introduction of NGNs would be more conservative. The technology was not mature enough to meet expectations. The interconnection of various NGN elements is very complex and the standardization of interconnecting protocols is not mature enough to allow the interconnection of elements from different vendors. And because the NGN technology is still very young, providers are very cautious when installing NGN equipment.
Vendors responded to these demands with an evolutionary concept of network transformation toward a “pure” NGN. The key component of this evolutionary approach is the integrated call server. Vendors developed NGN network elements, but then realized that the market is just not ready for the large-scale deployment of NGN solutions, especially for CLASS 5 applications, because these applications are very complex in terms of the interconnection of different NGN network elements. So vendors started to offer integrated solutions in which they integrated different NGN functions into a single product.
SCP
Functions Integrated Solution
IP network
VXML, ParlayX TTS, ASR
Packet terminals
TDM switching
Subsriber access (POTS, ISDN)
Advanced services
Media server
Call Control
MSAN
Media gateway
Signaling gateway
TDM network
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Different vendors have chosen different strategies for integrating NGN functions. Some vendors have chosen to integrate some functions; others have chosen to integrate all functions. An example of partial integration is the integration of the media-gateway and signaling-gateway functions. An example of full NGN integration is the integrated call server, where all the functions are integrated into a single product. The interconnection of call control and other functions is done internally within the product, which is preconfigured to minimize the possibility of errors.
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iCS The iCS is an integrated NGN solution that is part of the SI2000 and SI3000 product line. Iskratel has developed its own NGN deconstructed solution with all the necessary network elements to offer the full advantages of a NGN to service providers. When it become clear, especially in CLASS 5 applications, that the deployment standardization and interconnection of network elements from different vendors was just not happening, the integrated solution was developed. Different network functions developed by Iskratel for NGNs are integrated in a compact solution. This integrated solution is a mix of hardware and software integration. The heart of the integrated solution is the call-server software. This software was developed for a standard computing platform and operating system for the NGN environment. The call-server software is highly flexible and can be ported to different platforms and operating systems. This enabled Iskratel to integrate call-server software on different hardware platforms that were targeted toward a mainly narrowband solution or mixed narrow- and broadband solutions.
Hardware integration
VoIP DSPs Software
integration
Integrated functions
iCS
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Integrated solution The iCS solution is an ideal solution for the evolution of TDM to NGN networks. Its broad selection of TDM and packet-signaling interfaces enables the interconnection of the iCS in a mixed environment of TDM and packet networks.
With TDM interfaces the iCS enables service providers to protect their investment in TDM technology. Access interfaces make it possible to interconnect different access-network elements with standard protocols, like V5.2, to offer an analog and an ISDN subscriber service. With TDM trunking we can connect the iCS to existing networks on all levels of the network with a variety of signaling, like SS7 or CAS, in different national variants. The TDM switching functionality enables the deployment of the iCS in a pure TDM environment and it is future-ready for a pure NGN environment when needed.
With IP interfaces the iCS enables service providers to optimize their networks with a common packet transport layer and thus reduce OPEX. Trunking capabilities over packet networks make it possible to interconnect the iCS with other call servers and media gateways using standard SIP-T, H.323 and SIP NNI protocols. On the access plane the iCS can control packet terminals with standard SIP and H.323 protocol. The IP access plane of the iCS enables triple-play solutions and IP Centrex. For additional revenue for service providers, advanced services can be created on servers with standard VXML and ParlayX interfaces to interconnect to the iCS.
Integrated Solution
Access (POTS, ISDN BRA)
Addvanced services (VXML, ParlayX, TTS, ASR)
TDM IP
iCS PBX (PRA, CAS)
TDM switch (SS7, CAS)
Access (analog)
VoIP terminals (H.323, SIP)
MGW (H.323)
Call Server (SIP-T)
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Obr.: 70-159a MAD0151D0-GLE-040
Major applications
TDM switching The various TDM signaling and TDM switching capabilities of the iCS enable the interconnection of existing TDM equipment to an NGN core network. All major TDM signalings and their national variants are supported within the iCS. These signalings include SS7, CAS, DSS1, Q.SIG and V5.2. Supported signaling protocols enable the interconnection of public TDM switches, PBXs and access-network elements in today’s networks with standard protocols. With TDM switching capabilities the iCS can be connected to the network with IP trunks and have alternative TDM trunks configured for back up. This functionality enables the reliable and undisturbed operation of voice services even in the event of problems on the packet network. With TDM switching functionality, service providers are able to fully protect their previous investments in a TDM network.
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Universal access With its wide range of network interfaces, service providers can deploy subscriber service for all types of subscribers, from TDM to packet subscribers. All CLASS 5 services are supported. Conference call, forwarding, call transfer, caller ID and many other services are integrated into the iCS and can be offered to all subscribers for additional revenue. This gives service providers the ability to deploy a packet subscriber service in the same manner as they deploy a TDM subscriber service. The service offering for packet subscribers is equivalent to the service offering for TDM subscribers. Analog, ISDN subscribers and PBXs can be connected on the TDM interfaces of the iCS. Packet subscriber, IP PBX and analog subscribers (access gateway) can be connected on the IP interface of the iCS.
TDM IP
PBX
ISDN subscribers
POTS subscribers
VoIP subscribers
IP PBX
iCS
TDM transit switch
TDM local switch
PBX Access node
IP trunks
TDM trunks (alternative)
Obr.: 70-159a MAD0151D0-GLE-040
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Obr.: 70-159a MAD0151D0-GLE-040
IP trunking The most widely used VoIP application today is IP trunking. It was first used by alternative service providers to offer cheap international calling. Because of the fierce competition in telecommunications markets, service providers are trying to cut down OPEX. A common packet infrastructure enables a much cheaper operation for service providers and greatly improves the capacity of the network. Many traditional data and internet service providers today have a high-quality, large-capacity packet backbone and are starting to deploy the packet voice service via IP trunking solutions. This is a cheap alternative to traditional voice service providers and they are forced to deploy cheaper packet-backbone transport. With the iCS service providers can build a common packet core network and interconnect with an existing TDM network. IP trunking can be deployed with the iCS using the H.323 or SIP-T / SIP NNI protocols. The SIP-T protocol is becoming the de-facto standard for softswitch interconnection. Because the SIP-T protocol incorporates the transfer of SS7 signaling, the IP trunking is becoming equivalent to TDM trunking in terms of functionality, but with clear advantages, like a higher capacity and lower OPEX. Different types of codecs (G.711, G.723.1, G.729, T.38, clear channel) and packetization periods are supported for an optimal traffic configuration. Integrated call-server software also enables switching between different IP trunks, thus enabling solutions beyond simple point-to-point IP trunking to multi-point trunking.
TDM IP
iCS SIP-T / SIP NNI H.323
TDM
SS7 SS7
Point-to-point
SS7
Multi-point
SS7
DSS1
CAS
SIP-T / SIP NNI H.323
IP
Lawful interception The possibility for lawful interception (LI) is mandatory in today’s telecommunications equipment. The interfaces to TDM equipment for LI functionality are well defined. With the deployment of a packet core network and IP trunking the LI must be provided over the packet network when necessary. The equipment for LI that controls functionality, also called the monitoring center, is today still mostly TDM based. The equipment must guarantee the correct transfer of LI information over the packet network and change this information to a TDM format for the monitoring center. The LI interface has three information streams, one for the administration of monitoring subjects, one for the transfer of call data (duration, number dialed, etc.) and one for the transfer of voice. All three components must be successfully transferred over the packet network. The solution for LI over a packet network, within the iCS, implements all the requirements for a reliable LI solution. In some countries the regulations for LI request that service providers must guarantee an E1 link (31 channels) for LI purposes. This is very expensive, especially for small systems. With the iCS
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solution for LI over a packet network this is not necessary. The service provider can configure the iCS with a small number of special IP trunks for LI. On these special trunks the transfer of data only occurs when there is some activity to be monitored. The solution is very economical in terms of traffic flow. For the purpose of LI over a packet network, a special VLAN interface is configured within the iCS to strictly separate the LI information and other traffic. This separation ensures the integrity of the LI information, which is the main requirement for LI solutions. The aggregation of LI information for different network elements is possible with the iCS. Within the iCS solution the LI functionality can be applied to all types of TDM and packet subscribers.
TDM IP
iCS LIoIP (SORMoIP)
TDM
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Centrex Telecommunications services are historically divided into the public and enterprise domains. Service providers typically offered a service for the public domain (mainly residential customers). The enterprise telecommunications service stayed in the enterprise domain and was usually solved with PBX switches. These switches were similar to the TDM switches in the public domain, with some additional enterprise-specific services (abbreviated dialing, call pick-up, etc.). With the progress of technology more and more services were integrated into the public switches, and public service providers began to deploy Centrex solutions. With a Centrex solution the telecommunications services for enterprises were managed and deployed by service providers within their own public switches. Enterprise subscribers were connected directly to public switches. This eliminated the need for PBX systems and huge investments by enterprises. Enterprises received a Centrex service for a monthly fee; this service was managed by the service provider, which eliminated the need for highly trained technical personnel, thus reducing expenses. And a Centrex service could be easily spread to a large area to cover remote enterprise locations, even if these locations were not controlled by one switch, because Centrex information can be easily transferred within SS7 signaling. With the deployment of packet technologies it became possible to offer a Centrex solution to packet voice subscribers. This eliminated the need for TDM connectivity for enterprises as the voice service could be offered directly via the packet data links. With packet connectivity directly from enterprises to service providers, a Centrex solution become even more powerful and attractive as a managed service by service providers. All the variants of a Centrex solution can be deployed with the iCS. All types of subscribers can be integrated into the Centrex. And Centrex can be spread throughout the service provider’s domain over the TDM and the packet core network. A Centrex solution within the iCS can be offered over a packet core network because of integrated call-server software with SIP-T protocol support. The SIP-T protocol transfers SS7 signaling, and the Centrex solution can be controlled via SIP-T.
E1 links
Monitoring center
analog subscribers
analog subscribers
ISDN subscriber
VoIP subscribers
LIoIP (SORMoIP)
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TDM IP TDM
Centrex ISDN subscribers
Centrex VoIP subscribers
SIP-T (centrex info)
SS7 (centrex info)
Centrex analog subscribers
Centrex VoIP subscribers
Centrex analog subscribers
Centrex analog subscribers
Advanced services Although the main reason for the deployment of NGN solutions today is the optimization of operation via a common packet backbone, the true power of an NGN lies in the ability to create advanced, new services very rapidly with standard interfaces. Service providers today are facing the price erosion of standard services (basic telephony, etc.) and are being forced to seek new sources of revenue.
The most advanced NGN protocols integrated into the iCS enable the creation of new services based on the latest technologies, even from third-party vendors if needed. The web-services interface is the latest technology for service creation and is integrated into the iCS via a ParlayX interface. Another popular interface for advanced voice services today is VXML. With a VXML interpreter integrated into the iCS, any standard VXML file can be interpreted in the iCS. A combination with other servers, like TTS or ASR, is possible. This makes it possible to realize many advanced services. Voice portal, prepaid, personal assistant, web management and provisioning of services, IVR and many other services can be deployed with the iCS for service providers and enterprises.
TDM
IP
iCS
TDM
Advanced services servers (VXML, ParlayX, TTS, ASR, ...)
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Some deployment scenarios
Local switch Iskratel has a long history as a manufacturer of cost-effective, small, local switch solutions. This tradition is continued with the iCS solution, as it brings true NGN technology to local switch solutions. Although the latest trends in telecommunications favor plain subscriber accesses at the local level of networks, there is still a big demand for local switch solutions in some countries where the telecommunications infrastructure is still not fully developed. The reasons for the deployment of local switch solutions are:
• An unreliable and small-capacity uplink network connection
• Access to emergency services in the case of network uplink problems
• A lot of local traffic because of flat-rate local tariffs
• Traffic optimization
For these reasons, access solutions are very hard to deploy as they need a much bigger network uplink capacity and reliability. That is why local switch solutions are deployed to increase the penetration of the telecommunications infrastructure and increase the potential for country development.
The iCS is ideal for a local switch solution as it is reliable and cost effective. It incorporates the latest NGN technology and can utilize the small-capacity network uplink with bandwidth-optimized IP trunking. With this technology the uplink can be transformed to an IP uplink (with technology for the transfer of IP traffic over an E1 link, for example) to increase voice-channel uplink capacity. To satisfy the regulation, the iCS LIoIP (SORMoIP) technology can be used to successfully deploy a fully regulative, compliant local switch solution. Because the iCS incorporates the latest NGN technology, it is very straightforward to upgrade the solution toward a deconstructed NGN solution when the small-capacity network uplinks will be replaced with large-capacity, reliable uplinks (the deployment of optical, for example).
iCS
TDM E1 links
Monitoring center
analog subscribers
ISDN subscribers
SIP-T, LIoIP (SORMoIP)
SS7
IPoverE1
*
The pure TDM solution is fully NGN ready, when adequate packet uplink will be set up
*
TDM IP
IP
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Enterprise solutions The enterprise market for telecommunications equipment is rapidly changing with the advances in technology. The voice-over-packet technology is giving enterprises the possibility to deploy a common packet infrastructure for converged services and reduce OPEX. Even though new technologies are developing very quickly, there is still a lot of installed TDM equipment, and enterprises want to protect their previous investment. And new NGN protocols enable the development of new, converged services to improve enterprise productivity and reduce expenses, thus improving the profitability of enterprises. All these expectations can be met with the iCS.
The iCS is very flexible and cost effective for enterprise solutions because of its broad range of TDM and packet interfaces. And the possibility to deploy advanced services through NGN standard protocols gives it the ability to deploy an advanced NGN enterprise solution.
The rich selection of TDM interfaces enables enterprises to protect their previous investment (analog phones, wiring, etc.) and to connect to a service-provider network, as many service providers today offer only TDM uplinks.
The packet interfaces make it possible to deploy a converged infrastructure for the transport of voice and data traffic. This is ideal for new locations where only a packet core network can be built, or for the expansion of existing locations with a converged infrastructure. The iCS can be deployed as a true IP PBX system and can be connected to a service provider, directly through a packet uplink.
The NGN protocols integrated in the iCS enable the creation of new services based on the latest technologies (Web services, VXML, etc.), even from third-party vendors, if required.
The iCS brings the power of NGN technology to the enterprise. And the compact form of the iCS simplifies the deployment and maintenance of the solution.
Addvanced services (VXML, ParlayX, TTS, ASR)
TDM IP
iCS Enterprise solution
Analog terminals
VoIP terminals
Packet uplink in case of operation of Si2000SI2000 iCS as IP PBX
Packet link for connection of remote locations
TDM uplink
Analog terminals
Analog terminals
ISDN terminals
Existing infrastructure
New packet infrastructure
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Triple-play solutions (VoDSL) Triple play is the combination of voice, data, and video services offered as a bundled service for a price that is less than the price of the individual services. Regarding the technology, triple play represents the ability to offer voice, video and data services from the same service provider.
The access providers of xDSL traditionally offered data service. And with advances in technology they started to offer a video (TV) service, and lately also a voice-over-packet service to compete with other xDSL providers, with cable operators and with public operators.
The deployment of a voice service in the xDSL environment has the same technological background as the voice-over-packet service. With the iCS a voice service can be provided for xDSL service providers. Besides the basic voice service, advanced services can be offered to additionally attract customers and to generate additional revenue. Conference call, forwarding, call transfer and many other services can be deployed to guarantee the same level of voice service that is known from the TDM world. And if a service provider has a good network with an adequate quality of service for voice, the voice-over-packet service offered by xDSL providers has the same level of satisfaction for customers, except for life-line functionality. It is possible to deploy different models for billing within the iCS solution. Besides a flat-rate tariff, prepaid or postpaid deployment for the voice packet service is possible.
The TDM and IP trunk interfaces enable the interconnection of a voice-over-packet service with other service providers to guarantee the ability to connect to voice subscribers all over the world. To satisfy the regulations the iCS LIoIP (SORMoIP) technology can be used to successfully deploy a fully regulatory compliant solution. The iCS brings the power of NGN technology to xDSL service providers. And the compact form of the iCS simplifies the deployment and maintenance of the solution and guarantees high profitability.
Addvanced services (VXML, ParlayX, TTS, ASR)
TDM IP
iCS Packet voice solution
for triple play
Analog terminal
VoIP terminals
Packet uplink, SIP-T TDM uplink, SS7
xDSL service provider
IAD
TA
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Network modernization Because of the deregulation of telecommunications and the development of converged packet technologies, the competition in the telecommunications market is more intense than ever. Traditionally separated data- and voice-service providers are now offering comparable services. This causes price erosion and lower revenues. This is why service providers are trying to optimize their network performance, reduce OPEX and offer new, advanced services to preserve revenues.
Optimization of the network is very important, especially for traditional TDM service providers as they have TDM networks that are expensive to expand and operate. And a lot of service providers have already deployed parallel data networks for data services and are now struggling with the operation of two parallel networks and the high costs of operation. That is why service providers are beginning to modernize the network and are starting to deploy a common, converged packet core network. A packet core network has a much higher voice channel density and is easier to operate. Packet technology is in a sense “self-routing”, as lower layer protocols take care of routing, and thus the operation of traffic optimization is more efficient. Operational savings regarding the deployment of NGN networks are the main driver for network modernization today.
Network modernization will not occur overnight on all levels of the network at the same time. Modernization of the whole network is associated with big expenses, with little or no improvements in revenue for some parts of the network. The biggest improvements in revenue with network modernization are expected to be in the large transit plane. The modernization of the network will continue in the rest of the transit plane. The last part of network modernization will be on the small, local plane (rural areas), because of the smaller number of subscribers and the long cycles of return on investments.
With the iCS the transit network can be modernized with its IP trunking capabilities. A great deal of signaling support on the TDM side of the iCS enables the modernization of transit networks on all levels of the network, thus providing the maximum protection of previous investments. Because the iCS is fully NGN-ready, the transition toward a pure NGN with a central call server is straightforward when fully decomposed NGN networks will be ready for large-scale deployment.
The NGN protocols integrated into the iCS enable the creation and delivery of new services to end customers based on the latest technologies (Web services, VXML, etc.) for additional revenues for service providers.
TDM
Deployment of standalone SI3000 CS (call server)
CAS
SS7
V5.2
TDM
CAS
SS7
V5.2
IP
SIGTRAN
iCS
SIP-T Upgrade of SI2000 SAN to iCS SAN
SIP-T
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Alternative service provider Telecommunications services were traditionally provided by public service providers. Alternative, privately held service providers started to appear with telecommunications deregulation. Alternative service providers usually deployed the latest technology and new services to attract customers.
One of the most common scenarios of deployment for alternative voice service providers today is to buy adequate bandwidth from a data service provider or to build its own data network, and then deploy a voice packet service. This is a cheap alternative to public service providers because data bandwidth today is relatively cheap compared to a public service provider’s operation and a cheaper service can be offered. A lot of alternative service providers combine a voice packet service with data services and thus offer a complete telecommunications service. The latter is usually the case for an enterprise solution. A lot of alternative service providers are focused on enterprise solutions. And because they know the technology very well, they are usually able to offer new, advanced services before public service providers.
The iCS solution is suited to alternative service provides as it incorporates the latest NGN technology. And because of its compact form it is very cost effective. To satisfy the regulations, the iCS LIoIP (SORMoIP) technology can be used to successfully deploy a fully regulatory-compliant solution if necessary. And NGN protocols integrated into the iCS enable the creation of new services based on the latest technologies (Web services, VXML, etc.) for additional revenues for alternative service providers. The Centrex solution within the iCS makes it possible to offer voice packet services to enterprises on the same location and with common equipment, thus reducing the costs and increasing revenues.
Obr.: 70-159a MAD0151D0-GLE-040
Summary The convergence of voice and data services is a reality. But the deployment of decomposed NGN solutions is slower than expected. Integrated solutions have emerged to ease the transition toward NGNs. With the iCS, integrated NGN-solution service providers can:
• Fully protect their previous investments
• Optimize network performance, thus lowering OPEX
• Make a smooth evolution toward NGN, as the iCS upgrade to a decomposed NGN solution is straightforward
• Increase revenues by deploying new, advanced services
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Abbreviations
DTMF dual tone multi-frequency iCS er ISDN integrated services digital network NGN next generation network OPEX operational POTS RTP real-time protocol SANSIP SIP-T session initiation protocol for telephones SS7 signaling system 7 TDMTTS
oIP voice-over-internet protocol PN virtual private network XML voice extensible markup language
ASR automatic speech recognition CAS channel-associated signaling DSP digital signal processor
integrated Call Serv
expenses plain old telephone service
switch access node session initiation protocol
time division multiplexing text to speech
VVV
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Iskratel, Ljubljanska c. 24.a, 4000 Kranj, Slovenija tel.: +386 4 207 2000, fax: +386 4 207 2712 E-mail: [email protected], http: www.iskratel.si Obr.: 70-159a MAD0151D0-GLE-040