NANO BIOREMEDIATION

Presented by-Shreya M. Modi,M.Phil/P.hD Student in Nanosience

2

Content

Introduction Bioremediation Nanobioremediation Applications Conclusion

3

INTRODUCTION• Nanoscience is the study of atoms, Molecules,

and objects whose size is on nanometer scale.

4

What Is Nanotechnology?

Ability to understand, create, and use structures, devices and systems that have fundamentally new properties and functions because of their Nano scale structure

Ability to image, measure, model, and manipulate matter on the Nano scale to exploit those properties and functions

Ability to integrate those properties and functions into systems spanning from nano- to macro-scopic scales

Nano area Electron Diffraction of DW Carbon

Nanotube – Zuo, et.al

Corral of Fe Atoms – D. Eigler

5

Components

6

7

8

BIOREMEDIATION

• The degradation of environmental waste using microorganisms is known as BIOREMEDIATION.

9

Biodegradable Contaminants

Microorganisms

Grow on toxic compounds

Convert them to nontoxic products

10

Classes of Contaminants

Classes of Contaminants

Aromatics Chlorinated solvents

Toxic

metals Oxygenases

11

NANOBIOREMEDIATION• The use of Nanoscience, Nanoparticals and

Nanotechnology to enhance the microbial activity to remove pollutants.

Coast

Clean up time

Contaminants

NBR

12

GENETIC ENGINEERING OF MICROBES

• Nanotechnology and its tools play very important role in genetic engineering of microbes.

13

Microorganisms

Wide Physiological

Diversity

SmallSize

Genetic Manipulability

Controlled Culturability

14http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378111911000916

15

Deinococcus radiodurans

World’s Strongest Bacteria

16

Mer A LOCUS of E.coli.

17

• Deinococcus radiodurans, which naturally reduces Cr(VI) to the less mobile and less toxic Cr(III), was engineered for complete toluene degradation by cloned expression of tod and xyl genes of Pseudomonas putida.

http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0168165600003679-gr3.gif

Conti………

18

NANOSCALE BIOPOLYMERS

Nanoscale modified biopolymers which can be manufactured by genetic and protein engineering of microorganisms which can control the size and arrangement at the molecular level.

19

DECOLORIZATION OF THE DYE CONGORED

BY Aspergillus niger SILVER NANOPARTICALS

SEM image of the Aspergillus niger AgNP

20

% of decolorizationof the dye Congo red  by Aspergillusniger silver nanoparticle and Aspergillus

niger (plain culture)

21

REMOVAL OF PHENOLIC POLLUTANTS FROM MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER BY IMMOBILIZED LACCASE ENZYMES USING NANOPARTICALS

Endocrine disrupting compounds

In the present work laccase of a Thielavia genus has been immobilized on fumed silica nanoparticles. Mesoporous carbon materials, have been considered as highly suitable candidates for laccase enzyme isolated from Trametes versicolor and molecule immobilization .

22

Degradation of Hydrophobic Compound Enhanced by Nanoparticals

• Polymeric nanoparticals prepared from a poly(ethylene) glycol Modified Urethane Acrylite(PMUA) precursor was applied to enhance the bioavailability of Polynuclear Aeromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) in soil and aqueus solutions.

• Due to the hydrophobicity of interior regions of PMUA there is increased affinity between PAHs and released into the aqueous phase and enhances the rate of Mineralization.

23

NANOTECH COATING CAN ENHANCE ELECTRICITY OUTPUT FROM

WASTE WATER• In this technology, bacteria from

biowaste such as sewage are placed in an anode chamber, where they form a biofilm, consume nutrients and grow, in the process releasing electrons. In this context, the sewage is literally the fuel for electricity production.

24

They found that coating graphite anodes with a nanoparticle layer of gold can increase electricity

production by 20 times, while coatings with palladium produced an increase as well, but not

nearly as much

25

• Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in particular, provide effective growth inhibition of various microorganisms in suspension and on solid medium.

• In addition, a few types of filtration membranes and devices like catheter incorporating silver nps have demonstrated anti-biofouling properties.

26

NANOBIOREMEDIATION TO CLEAN UP OIL SPILL

• Immobilization cells of Ps. mendocina H3, Ps. pseudoalcaligenes H7, Ps. stutzeri H10, Ps.alcaligenes H15, Ps. pseudoalcaligenes H16, Ps. mallei 36K and Micrococcus luteus 37 was demonstrated high sorbtional activity carriers.

27

Conti…..

• Bioremediation of oil contaminated soil is important that CARBONIZATED SORBENTS itself may sorbs oil drops for further oxidation carbohydrates of oil by microbial cells, to be source of mineral compounds and improve condition of soils.

28

IMMOBILIZATION OF MICROBIAL CELLS USING NANOPARTICALS

 • Magnetic nanoparticals (Fe3O4) were

functionalized with ammonium oleate and coated on the surface of Pseudomonas delafieldii.

• On application of external magnetic field to the microbial cells, the nanopartical coated cells concentrate on particular site of the reactor wall separating them from the whole solution and enabling recycling of the cells for the treatment of the same compound.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1183266/figure/f2/

29

Bio desulfurization (BDS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT) was carried out

by Rhodococcus erythropolis IGST8 decorated with magnetic Fe3O4

nanoparticles, synthesized in-house by a chemical method, with an average size of

45–50 nm

30

31

MICROBIAL PRODUCTION OF SELENIUM NANOPARTICLES USED FOR WASTE WATER

TREATMENT AND OHER APPLICATION

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389411001014

32

CONCLUSION

• According to above all application of Nanobioremediation it can be definitely concluded that, Nanoparticals, Nanotechnological instrument play efficient role in the process of Nanobioremediation. By applying the nanobioremediation to environment hazards, it can clean them Faster and Safer than other methods and technology. We can say that, Nanobioremediation Maintain all three criteria.

33

Social

Biological

Economical

NMR

34

• Thank you.

Thank You