SHARJAH ELECTRICITY & WATER AUTHORITYBy : Asma aliHajar SaeedHessa elshibanoura aliShaima Juma

2014What is SEWA ?Sharjah Electricity And Water Authority (SEWA) is the providing services of electricity, water and natural gas to the residents of Sharjah city.It was established in the 1940 SEWA contain many departments such as :Electricity and Desalination Plants on Abu Moussa, Wasir Bu Nair and Al Zubair IslandsKhorfakkan Electricity Generation and Water Desalination Plant Zulal Water Factory Al Layyah Electricity Generation and Water DesalinationWasit Electricity Generation PlantGenerate electricity only Contain 6 main departments Administration department Operation Room Planning department Electrical Maintenance Department (EMD) Instrument Maintenance Department (IMD) Mechanical Maintenance Department (MMD)Two main ways to generate power Diesel Power GenerationGas Power Generation. But other station can do also Steam Power Generation Operation Room or Control Gas Turbine Phases:.Phase 1GT1, 2, 3Phase 2GT 4A,4BPhase 3GT 5A, 5BPhase 4GT 6A, 6BPhase 5GT 7A, 7BTwo Roiss RoissTotal Power generated =1200 MW 6Gas Turbine Two typeFrame 6 (10 compaction unite, Start motor work on diesel)Frame 9 (14 compaction unite, Start motor work on electrical)

Frame 9

Frame 6 Gas Turbine Component:Filter filtering the air from humidity and dust Air dust clean the air Axial compressor Increase air pressureCombustion chamberIncrease the volume of air by heating itTurbineConvert the thermal energy of gases in mechanical energy (as useful work on the rotor)Generator generate the power from mechanical to electricalStep up/ step down transformerSU increase the power while SD decrease the power.Starting Device give power to unit to start

Gas Turbine Gas TurbineElements for turbine running:Cooling reduce the temperature of gasSupplying fuel Such as gas or dieselAtomizing air for combustion Its used to convert the liquid fuel into small drops to go into the CCGas turbineStarting the turbine:Electrical motor or diesel engine to start the unit as the routine reach 60% so the combustion chambers are fired. As the turbine speed is higher than the start engine speed the engine is disconnected and shut down.As the turbine reach the nominal speed, the unit is ready to be synchronized to the network so the starting is complete and the unit has reach full speed no load (FSNL). Gas turbineShutting Down:Normal shutdownManually operation by stop switch or some mechanical or regulation problem through protection devicesEmergency shutdown (Trip)Depressing the emergency stop button or by some mechanical or regulation important problem through special devices.Trip is for two reasonHuman errorProtectionActual (Ex. problem in the Vibration device)False (Ex. wrong reading from the Vibration device)

Cooling water System

1342Cooling water System process The water is stored in the tank which is distilled water The motor move the distilled water to two parts.Generator Oil temperature cooling and then to the atomizing air coolingSo it will reduce the temperature for the two partsThe water is joined from the two part and then go to the fans. The fans reduce the water temperature

Cooling downThis step is Immediately following a shut down

The rotor is rotated to provide uniform cooling.prevents rotor from bowing, rubbing and imbalance.

The turbine can be:Startedloaded at any time during the cooling down cycle.Cool down operation:

Start up :

cool down on.( + execute).auxiliary oil pump AOP stars ( checks oil pressure 7 bar) lube oil heater pressure 1.3 bar.cooling water pump start ( pressure 4 bar).jacking oil pressure: 80 -100 bar.mist eliminator fan starts. BT fan will start.check the oil flow in all the view glassExhaust System

The Exhaust systems have a fan.

Exhaust systems are necessary to guide the exhaust flue gases and the toxic gases of the gas turbine into the atmosphere.

It can cause to death.

Fire fighting systemMost fires happens because of diesel leaking.

Electrical Maintenance Departments (EMD)F-6F-9RRBE TY2x33MW 11KV8x109MW 15KV2x47MW 11.5KV1x23MW 11KVMonitoring Frequency

50 Hz400 V230 VGenerating Sequence 143 MVAGT 5B220 KV15/220 KV282 MVAGT 6A15 KV100MWGT 6BIB 220/132 KV132 KV15/ 6.6 KV4MVAGT 7AGT 7BSAJA1SAJA2 SAJA3SAJA42x75 MVA302 MVAWasit Distribution Network

~~~~~GT 5AGT 4A~~GT 4B~33 KVX

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X

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X

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X

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X

X

X

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X

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X

~X

GT130 MW~X

GT230 MWX

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~X

GT320MW~X

RR140MW~X

RR240MWX

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X

AZRARMQGHFAUMKRRMTAX

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IB 220/33 KV3x75 MVAX

X

X

Generator220 KV132 KV33KV

MotorGeneratorElectrical => MechanicalMechanical => Electrical Consume => ElectricityProduce => PowerConsume => PowerProduce => Electricity

TransformersDry type Oil Filed Low CapacityHigh capacityFor Volt Transfer

BreakersAir circuit breaker Oil circuit breaker Gas circuit breaker Work byAirOilGasCostLowMediumHighestSpecifications Large ( x10 )Medium ( x2 )Maintenance required Low size ( x1 )No maintenance Efficient picture

Monitoring Start upProtectionCheapMonthly Maintenance No Maintenance Average cost Yearly Maintenance Highest cost

Filament lampCFL (Compact Filament Lamp)LED ( Light Emitting Diode )Consumption100% ( Highest )40% ( Medium )10% ( Lowest )Costx1 ( Cheap )x3 ( Average )x8 ( Highest ) Picture

Lighting

HDSV (high main sodium vapor)YellowAs ,much as its high, it covers more areaLED type HDMV (Mercury vapor)- White- Places where require more lights MHL (Metal halide lamp)White Used at workshops and for study FTL (fluorescent tube light)White , yellow Tube lights Lighting

Mechanical Maintenance Departments (MMD)Mechanical Maintenance Departments (MMD)MMD: design and manufacturing, and installation, and operation of the engines, machinery, and manufacturing processes.

Gas system operation The two main valves :GCV: set for gas control valve.SRV: set for gas ratio valve.Operation:Gas come from SAJAA (yellow pipe) and goes directly to SRV & GCV , which take the gas to combustion chamber if they open. If any trip happen they will close and solenoid gas valve open to let the gas which located between them to go to the atmosphere.Torque Converter operationTwo motor to rotate the shaft:Turbine gear motor (88TG 1, Turning gear)Cranking motor (88CR 1)The torque converter transfer the speed from left side shaft to the right side shaft, if the left is running in 1000 rpm then the right should run at the same speed.Inside the torque converter there is two main things that transfer the speed between the motorsSolenoid valve turbine unit (20TU 1)Limit switch turbine control (33TC 1)Both this thing are operate using oil wine the oil pass throw them they are connected and the operation starts.

Torque ConverterIGV operation IGV located before the compressor it take the air from filter and send 100% pure air which has no dust or moisture for compressor. If the IGV open with 34 degree it has zero loads (zero speed) the turbine not rotating. When the degree reaches 56 degree the chamber is firing this mean that its full speed with 3000 rpm.

IGV operation Instrument Maintenance Departments (IMD)Instrument Maintenance Departments (IMD)IMD: reading the valves from the Gages

Measure the temperatureDetect the level of the valveIndicate the position of the valveDetect the gasHow many rpmis a converter that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signalmeasure temperature by correlating the resistance of the RTD element with temperature.Sensors that detect the presence of operators near hazardous machines of facilitates.GCV and SRV instruments GCV Solenoid valve fuel gas control (20FGC 1) SRVSolenoid valve fuel gas start (20FGS 1) Solenoid valve gas (20VG 1)Release the gas that is between SRV & GCVPressure Transmitter fuel gasTo detect the gas pressure96FG 2A96FG 2B96FG 2C

Load Dispatch Center (LDC)Supervise control and data equationFiber opticdefinitionThe medium and the technology associated with the transmission of information as light impulses along a glass or plastic wire or fiber. AdvantageFiber optic cables have a much greater bandwidth than metal cables. This means that they can carry more data.Fiber optic cables are less susceptible than metal cables to interference.Fiber optic cables are much thinner and lighter than metal wires.Data can be transmitted digitally (the natural form for computer data) rather than analogically.

RTU (Remote Terminal Unit)definitionan electronic device that is controlled by a microprocessor. The device interfaces with physical objects to a Distributed Control System (DCS) or Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system by transmitting telemetry data to the system. typesPDH (Plesiochronous digital hierarchy) 2 Mbps telecommunications network transmission technology designed for the transport of large data volumes across large scale digital networks.PDH uses ( E1) channels in Europe and 1.544 Mb/s ( DS1) channels in the US and Japan.Each E1 = 64Kbps

RTU (Remote Terminal Unit)typesSDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) standard technology for synchronous data transmission on optical media. It is the international equivalent of Synchronous Optical Network.Synchronous Transport Modules (STM) STM-1 (155 Mbps) = 63*E1DWDM (Dense wavelength division multiplexing)SDHs benefits over the pdh Reduce costs world standard digital format synchronous structure is flexibleEasy traffic cross connection capacity and add and drop facilitySCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)definitionA category of software application program for process control, the gathering of data in real time from remote locations in order to control equipment and conditionsUsed to monitor and control a plant or equipment in industries such telecommunications water and waste control energy oil and gas refining and transportationSCADA systems include hardware and software components. The hardware gathers and feeds data into a computer that has SCADA software installed. The computer then processes this data and presents it in a timely manner. SCADA also records and logs all events into a file stored on a hard disk or sends them to a printer. SCADA warns when conditions become hazardous by sounding alarms.

Personal Protection Equipment (PPE)

Generator

Substations

Consumers

Motor

D.C (Direct Current Motor)

A.C (Alternating Current Motor)

Synchronous Motor

Induction Motor

Slip ring

Squirrel cage motor

Batteries

Lead Acid

NI-CD ( Nickel-Cadmium )

Petroleum

96FG 2C

96FG 2B

96FG 2A

20FGC - 1

20FGS - 1

20VG - 1