Plate TectonicsShake, Rattle, & Roll!

Plate tectonics Asthenosphere Lithosphere Mantle Continental Crust Oceanic Crust Pangaea Convergent Divergent Transform Subduction Collision Convection

Continental drift Sea floor spreading Continental rift Earthquake Tsunami Volcanic activity Oceanic trench Oceanic ridge Rift valley Mountain building Island arc

Key Vocabulary

Plate Tectonicsa scientific theory that describes the large scale motions of the Earth's plates which make up the lithosphere. These plates rest on the asthenosphere.

Layers of the Earth

Plate Movement

It is believed that tectonic plates are moved by several different forces:

◦ Rotation of the earth◦ Tidal forces of sun &

moon◦ Gravitational pull◦ Convection cell

Developed the theory of Pangea & Continental Drift.

Alfred Lothar Wegener

Pangea

The Case for Pangea

Continental Drift

Direction of plate drift

Types of Plate Motion Convergent Divergent Transform

Tectonic Plate Motion

Convergent Boundaries-Where two tectonic plates come together

There are 3 types of convergent boundaries, all 3 cause earthquakes. Oceanic>Continental

◦ Volcanoes◦ Oceanic trenches

Oceanic>Oceanic◦ Tsunamis ◦ Volcanoes◦ Island arcs

Continental>Continental◦ Mountain building

Oceanic Continental

Andes Mountains-The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate.

Oceanic Oceanic

Philippine Islands-Oceanic to oceanic convergence-located near the edge of the Pacific Ring of Fire

Continental Continental

Himalayan Mountains- Formed by the collision of the Eurasian Plate and the Indian Plate.

There are 2 types of divergent boundaries. Sea Floor Spreading

◦ Oceanic Ridges Continental Rift

◦ Rift Vallies

Divergent Boundaries-where two tectonic plates pull apart

Sea Floor Spreading

Age of the Ocean Floor-Red is the newest – Blue is the oldest

Continental Rift

three plates are pulling away from one another: the Arabian Plate, and the two parts of the African Plate(the Nubian and

the Somalian)

Rifting earth of Ethiopia

A transform boundary is just that, a transform boundary. Transform boundaries can have jagged

edges that get caught on each other, when this happens massive pressure builds up which releases in an:◦Earthquake.

Transform Boundaries-where two tectonic plates grind past each other.

Transform Boundary

Transform Boundary

Border of the Pacific & North American plate, 810 miles long.

Arial photo of the San Andreas Fault