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MENA Urbanization Knowledge Platform

Space for Sustainable Urban Development

[email protected] European Space Agency

2014 May 22 – 23 | Marseilles

Source: Medsea Night’s Sky, Astronaut photograph ISS025-E-9858 acquired October 28, 2010, on board the International Space

Station.

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The ESA Earth Observation Satellite Fleet

Meteorological Missions Copernicus: "Sentinel" Missions "Earth Explorer" Missions

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Global Changes

Source: adapted from Johan Rockstrom, by PPM

Global impact of human enterprise on our planet

Demography Growth

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4 4 Source: World Economic Forum (WEF), Global Risks Ninth Edition, 2014

Global Risks as seen by WEF

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Integrated Observing System

Source: Adrian Simmons (Global Climate Observing System), 2013

Multi variate, multi sensors, multi purposes, observing system for climate

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Obs - Foundation of Science & Services

Climate House WITH Observations

Adapted from DiploFoundation Climate Change Building

In-situ & Space data

Science Assessment

Information services

Guidance / Knowledge

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Obs - Foundation of Science & Services

Climate House WITHOUT Observations

Courtesy Marco, ESA

If you cannot measure it,

You cannot improve it, ..

Lord Kelvin (1824-1907)

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The Great Geophysical Experiment

Source: Michael Buchwitz, IUP, University of Bremen, Schneising et al., 2011

9 9 Source CLS, ESA CCI

Global Sea Level Rise from altimetry

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Monitoring Ice Thickness with ESA Cryosat

Source: Planetary Visions/CPOM/UCL/ESA

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Growing EO use in Numerical Weather Prediction

Source: ECMWF

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Predicting Extreme Events

Source: ECMWF

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Mato Grosso, Brasilia Landsat data © USGS, animation © Vista

1984

Tropical Forest

Agriculture

Human Footprint of Agriculture ...

Mato Grosso, Brasilia Landsat data © USGS, animation © Vista

1984

14 Mato Grosso, Brasilia Landsat data © USGS, animation © Vista

2011

Human Footprint of Agriculture

“Already, we have cleared or converted more than 35 percent of the earth’s ice-free land

surface for agriculture, whether for croplands, pastures or rangelands…. Since the last ice

age, nothing has been more disruptive to the planet’s ecosystems than agriculture.” Jonathan

Foley, Uni Minessota

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Global Framework for Monitoring Agriculture

Global Framework for monitoring of agriculture and limit volatility.

EO from space has a key role to play. ESA is developing EO

products to quantify food insecurity risks.

Source: G-20, GEO-GLAM

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Volatility of commodoties

Global food prices are increasingly volatile due to climate extremes, which alter global

production patterns and exacerbate hunger in poorer countries. About 44M people driven

into poverty by rising food prices in the second half of 2010 (World Bank).

Source: IMF (index of Mundi) on Wheat Monthly Crop Prices

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Soil Moisture & water-induced food insecurity

Source: Maxime Trompier (ESA)

Improved Soil Moisture monitoring from space enables identification of dry

conditions to support appropriate actions to avoid food insecurity.

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From local to regional and global impact

Source: Envisat/SCHIAMACHY NO2 concentration, courtesy IUP.

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Mega-Cities, Mega-Pollution

Source: Global Urban Footprint, DLR, based on TerraSAR-X; ESA / DLR, 2013 Source: ESA Dragon, NASCC.

20 Source: Prof. dr. P.F. Levelt, KNMI & TUD, 2013 2

0

Mijling and van der A

KNMI, 2012

Majuba power plant Matimba power plant

vanadium mine

Sasol company

oil from coal

EO based NO2 emissions South Africa

OMI, 2009

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Dynamic Picture of Urban environment & stress

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Urban Mapping: EC DG-Regio Urban Atlas

• Part of the local component of the Copernicus land monitoring services

• 305 cities for the reference year 2006

• 22 thematic classes (CLC)

• MMU: 0.25 ha urban, 1.00 ha other

Corine Land Cover vs Urban Atlas

Bucharest Copenhagen

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Mega-Cities

Source: Global Urban Footprint, DLR, based on TerraSAR-X; ESA / DLR, 2013

Manila, 1975 Manila, 1990

Manila, 2000 Manila, 2010

Source: ESA Dragon, NASCC.

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Population Distribution: Disaggregating Population Data

• EO-STAT service:

"Sharpening" of census data using LU/LC information

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Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Urban Risk: Flood Risk Assessment

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Urban Risk: Land Motion Due to Water Extraction

Jakarta, Indonesia ALOS PALSAR 2007–2009

COSMO SkyMed Oct. 2010 – Apr. 2011

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Urban Risk: Land Motion Due to Metro Line Construction

• Text 1

Text 2

Jubilee Line, London 1997–2005

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Copernicus – an user-driven operational Integrated Observing System for our planet

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Sentinel-1 - Copernicus

Target readiness for

launched 3 Apr

2014

• Spectral bands: C-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (at 5.405 GHz)

• Life time: 7 years design life time

• Orbit: Near-Polar sun-synchronous (dawn-dusk) orbit 698 km.

• Repeat Cycle: 12 d repeat cycle (1 sat), 6 d for constellation

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Sentinel-1 – First image Antarctica

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Sentinel-1 – First image Namibia

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Sentinel-2

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Target readiness for

launch: 2014

32 ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use

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Sentinel-2

Source: ESA, Benjamin Koetz, 33

S-2 workhorse for agriculture

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Making the most of Big Data ..of large volume, variety, complexity of EO data.

“The most common purpose of big data

is to produce small data” data informed 10 sep 2013

.

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Exploitation Platforms

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Thank You

Contact: [email protected]

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