session 61 fredrik eriksson
Post on 11-Sep-2014
430 views
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Innovation and Trends in Truck tires
Impact of safety, legislative and customer requirements on truck & bus tire developments.
14 january 2010
agenda
Costumer / Safety requirementsRegulatory requirementsDevelopment constraintsTruck / Bus tire componentsMaterial TrendsTread Pattern trends………
• High mileage
• Low cost per kilometer
• All season capabilities, winter traction
• Robustness, durability and retreadability
• Fuel efficiency
• High efficiency (max. load / cargo volume))
• Flexible vehicle usage (long haulage, short haulage, distribution service)
Customer requirements:
• Stability and Handling
• High load capacity
• Light weight
• Fuel efficiency
• Low noise
• Low overall diameters
FLEETS OEM’s
Low Rolling Resistance - (new) limits for tire RR (rolling resistance)- 2 stage implementation (2012 / 2016)
Low noise emissions - tighter tire noise level requirements (2012)
Safety, wet grip - applies only to Consumer and light truck tires (at this stage)
Regulatory requirements:
EC regulation 661/2009 (13july2009)
New, more stringent requirements for tires with regard to safety, rolling resistance and rolling noise – 2012 onwards.
EC regulation 1222/2009 (25nov2009)
EC has decided on the introduction of a “tyre labelling” system, based on EC 661/2009 regulation, and with regard to tire rolling resistance, tire noise emission and “wet grip”.
“The aim of this regulation is to increase the safety, and the economic and evironmental efficiency of road transport by promoting fuel –efficient and safe tyres with low noise levels.”
Tyre manufactures will have to communicate the fuel efficiency class as well as the external rolling noise class and, where applicable, the wet grip class in their promotional literature as well as on their web sites.
Regulatory requirements (cont’d):
Note: for truck/bus tyres, a common “wet grip” class measurement method is under discussion.
More restrictiveemission standards upcoming
High oil prices
•Vehicle manufacturer:Emissions reductionConsumption reductionIncreased engine efficiencyLower energy losses
•Tire manufacturer:Reduction of the tire rolling resistance
Euro 6 (2012Euro 6 (2012
Euro 4Euro 5Euro 6
In addition to the “tyre specific” legislative requirements, vehicle legislations do have an impact on truck/bus tyre developments e.g.:
Regulatory requirements (cont’d):
Truck – emission standards evolution
Impact on Tyre Development
RR
Mileage Wet Grip
Robustness
• Truck tire development is faced with a multitude of “evolving” requirements(OEM’s , legislation, fleet needs, ecological, economical, ….)
• “Conflicting” performance characteristics need to be addressed.
• “Trade Offs” in other areas to be minimized.
Modern truck / Bus tyre development;
a walk between conflicting performance requirements
Chafer
Carcass
Wedge
Shoulder wedge
SidewallTread
Flipper
Belts
Chipper
Innerliner
BeadsBeads
Sample :
Components 41Compounds 10Steel types 5Fabric 1
Truck tire components
Apexes 1-3
To cope with these evolving requirements, continuous developments are required on a variety of tyre components
Material Trends
Innovative Tread Compound generations:
High level silica tread compounds,for improved braking on wet“and” low rolling resistance
New Reinforcement materials:
High strength carcass and belt wires,enhanced durability, light weight
conventional compound "high silica" compound
high tensile cords
“SUPER” tensile cords
Trends in Pattern Design
Directional tyre designsimproved traction and brakingbetter “torque” resistance
Wider tread widthsimproved braking on wetimproved stability and handling
Innovative sizeshigher load capacitylow aspect ratiohigher cargo volume
non directional directional
355/50R22.5 steer (7.5 tons axle load) 455/40R22.5 trailer < 1m diam..
Trends in Pattern Design (cont’d)
Flat Wave "Waffle" or "3D BIS"
Increase interlocking effect, improved braking on wet & winter grip
Increased “blading” densityenhanced braking on wetbetter all season performances
New “blading technologies”improved tractionenhanced brakingall season capabilities
9
9
999
9
9
9
9 9
9
9
9
11
79
11
7
9
11
79
11
7
7
9
11
97
11
11
9
7
117
9
0
100
Frequency
dB
0
100
Frequency
dB
0
100
Frequency
dB
Same BlockLengths
DifferentBlockLengths - RegularDistribution
DifferentBlockLengths - IrregularDistribution
Low noise tread pattern geometries
diagonal tread “block shifting”
Blocks do not impact all at the same time
L1
L2
L3
L4
L1 < > L2 < > L3 < > L4
“Pitching”different blocks lenthgs
LowerNoiseemission
Innovative Tyre features
Built in sealantimproved safetyenhanced mobility
Soft rubber material built into casing
Specific Winter Truck/Bus tyresimproved safetyenhanced traction insever winter conditions
SUMMARY
Ecologylow noise emissionfuel efficient
Safetyenhanced braking and tractionstability and handling
Economyhigh mileage, low cost per kmdurable and retreadable
Modern Truck and Bus tires are developed to suit today’s and futuretransport requirements in terms of: