sesi_11_sup_perubahan perilaku organisasi ekologi dan kebijakan

8/14/2019 Sesi_11_sup_perubahan Perilaku Organisasi Ekologi Dan Kebijakan

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Perubahan Perilaku

Organisasi, Ekologi, danLingkungan

Supriyati



The Rainbow Policy(Dahlgren & Whitehead 1991 cit Davis and MacDowall, 2006)



Lingkage of Person and the

social/behavioral environment (John W Last)



Komponen promosi kesehatan

•

Advocacy• Environmental change

• Legislation

• Policy mandates, regulations

• Resource development

• Social support

• Financial support

• Community development

• Organizational development

Environmentaction to promote



Kerangka untuk Promosi Kesehatan(Keleher, MacDougall & Murphy, 2007)

Prevensi

penyakit

Strategi

Komunikasi

Edukasi

kesehatan dan

pemberdayaan

Pengembangan

kesehatan dan

komunitas

Perubahan

infrastruktur

dan sistem

Primer

Sekunder

Tersier

Informasi

kesehatan

Kampanye

perubahanperilaku

Pengetahuan

Pemahaman

Pengembanganketerampilan

Keterlibatan

Pengembangan

komunitas

Kebijakan

Legislasi

Perubahanorganisasi

Lini bawah Lini atas

INTERVENSI

Pelayanan

primer

Pendekatan gaya

hidup dan perilaku

Pendekatan

ekologis



Summary of health promotion approaches

Approach Theory Aims Methods Level &

type of

action

Socio-

ecological

health

promotion

•Determinants

of health

•Health and

social

development

•Primary health

care

•Empowerment

•Community

engagement

Re-address of in-

equalities

Works from health

determinants: social,

political,

environmental

Primary health care

Community

engagement

Creating supportive

environment

Advocacy enabling

Mediating

organizational

development of

reorient health

Active clients

and

communities

Changes in

communities

and

organizations



Organisational capacity

• A civic philosophy

• The custodial role – accountability beyond

numbers

• The organisation as civic organiser



A civic philosophy

• Equity and social responsibility

• Autonomy and participation

•

Beneficence and non-malfeasance (to strive todo good and to do no harm)

• Global bio-sustainability (good planets are

hard to find)• Change



Organisation as civic organiser

• Partnership

• The organistion’s capacity

to be both a partner and a

facilitator of partnerships

•organiserberbeda dengan

Leader



Kapasitas organisasi : partnership

• Visi• Saling memahami dan

menghargai posisi, core

business, kapasitas dan

tanggungjawab masing-masing

• Kesiapan untuk berubah

• Kemampuan menghadapi

konflik

• Kemampuan untuk

mempercayai



Stages in Building Collaboration: Checklist

Stages Building collaboration yes or noStage 1:

priority

setting and

problem

definition

-Shared understanding of problems

and goals

-shared definition of the problem

-shared commitment to the

collaboration

-Identification of resources required

to support the collaboration

-collective identification of keystakeholders and convenor

Source : Keleher, MacDougal & Murphy, 2007: 348



Stages in Building Collaboration – count’d

Stages Building collaboration yes or noStage 2:

Reaching

Agreement

-Establish the ground rules

-Jointly agree on the agenda for the

collaborative venture

-Reach agreement on how problem

will solved

Stage 3:

Imple-

mentation

-Build external support for the

solutions agreed

-Intitutionalise/implement

agreements reached

-Monitor the agreement and ensure

complience

Source : Keleher, MacDougal & Murphy, 2007: 348



Working intersectorally for developing

supportive environment

• Framing the issue as

core business

• A strategic rather than

operational focus• Open organisational

structures

•

Leadership

Ch kli t f ti t id



Checklist of questions to guide

planning for intersectoral working

• What does each member/partner want toachieve through the process of working

together ?

• What are the main drivers for workingtogether ?

• What benefits will be accrued by each

member/partner?• What organisational structures will support

the group ability to work together ?



Advokasi ?

• upaya-upaya yang difokuskan pada perubahan

kebijakan, program dan lingkungan dalam

skala besar serta mobilisasi sumber daya dan

opini untuk mendukungnya (Rice, 1999)

• upaya untuk meningkatkan kekuatan

masyarakat atau kelompok dan membuat

institusi yang dituju lebih responsif terhadapkebutuhan masyarakat (Walack et al., 1993)



Lanjutan ...

• Strategi untuk mempengaruhi policy maker

pada saat mereka membuat aturan,

mendistribusikan sumber daya atau kebijakan

lain yang berdampak pada masyarakat banyak

• Proses yang disengaja untuk mempengaruhi

pengambil kebijakan



Kata kunci advokasi:

• Mempengaruhi / influencing

• Proses yang disengaja / deliberate

process

• Policy makers

• Affect the well being of many

people

Ad i ti ll ll b t



Advocacy is essentially all about

three things:

• Creating policies where they are needed whennone exist

• Reforming harmful or ineffective policies

• Ensuring good policies are implemented andenforced



Implementing an advocacy initiative

• Developing and delivering messages

• Working with others

•

Employing advocacy tactics



Pesan dalam proses advokasi

• jelas: APA yang harus dilakukan oleh sasaran

(SIAPA)

• Didasari ARGUMENTASI (data) yang akurat

dan kuat

• KEUNTUNGAN yang akan diperoleh

•

Kalimat Jelas dan singkat



Policy briefs:

• Membantu advocate menyampaikan issue

kepada policy makers

• Keterbatasan waktu policy makers

• Memudahkan memahami issue

• Persiapan lebih baik



23/10/2012 www.idrc.ca

Work within parametersA policy brief should be :

–A stand alone document –Focused on a single topic

–No more than 1,500 words (2-4 pages)



23/10/2012 www.idrc.ca

Who are your readers?Ask yourself :

–

Who am I writing this brief for? – How knowledgeable are they about the

subject?

– How open are they to the message?



Referensi

• Fertman, CI., & Allensworth, DD. 2010 Health

Promotion Programs-from Theory to Practice. San

Fransisco: Jossey-Bass

• Keleher, MacDougal, & Murphy. 2007. Understanding

of health Promotion. New york: Oxford Universitypress



Thank youterima kasih

Matur nuwun

sesi_11_sup_perubahan perilaku organisasi ekologi dan kebijakan

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