serious games a proposal of taxonomy gacet11
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Valerio Eletti, Stefania Barca, Brunella Botte,
Giada Marinensi, Claudia Matera, Enrico Ruozzi
GACET’11 – Rome, 17 November, 2011
Serious Games: a proposal of taxonomy based on
the relationship between game and simulation
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e-Learning Laboratory of CATTID dedicated to:
• social learning
• mobile learning
• digital game based learning, with special focus on simulations and serious games
Introduction
In 2009 was held at Label a series of seminars aimed to the systematization of knowledge and practice on simulations, serious games and business games, by analyzing and comparing many national and international experiences.
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Game
Learning
We learn first of all thanks to the experience and the
game is a particular form of experience
The relationship between game and learning
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Is there a relationship between game and simulation?
Game
Simulation
Is there a structured relationship between
simulations and games?
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The definition of simulation
Simulations
Allow to reproduce reality in a simplified way, so that we can better understand why things happen and how
The studies carried out by our research group have made it possible to define two big families of simulations:
LabSim TaleSim
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The definition of simulation LabSim
NETLOGO http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/WolfSheepPredation
A LabSim is a virtual lab where the user
can observe, explore and analyze a
process in order to gain a profound
knowledge of it’s internal mechanisms
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The definition of simulation TaleSim
VIRTUAL LEADER http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qy3TLyj-HCY&feature=player_embedded#!
In a TaleSim the user is the actor (or one of
the actors) of the story and/or of the
environment to explore and there is an explicit formative
path
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The definition of game (1/2)
Johan Huizinga, “Homo Ludens”, 1938
Every game is an action full of signification; every game
means something and its applications could answer
to a lot of needs
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The definition of game (2/2)
Roger Caillois, “Les jeux et les hommes”, 1958
Four basic type of game: • Agon (rules) • Alea (chance) • Mimicry (imitation) • Ilinx (vertigo)
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The relationship between game and simulation (1/2)
Intersection between Agon and Mimicry
Games with rules
Imitation games
Games with both characteristics
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The relationship between game and simulation (2/2)
TaleSim
LabSim
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The definition of Serious Game (1/2)
Serious Games
Interactive experiences with the same characteristics and structure of a game. They could have different aims, like corporate training,
educational or social campaigns, and promotional activities.
They reproduce real situations in which using knowledge and acting with strategy could help reaching a final goal.
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The definition of Serious Game (2/2)
Serious Games area
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A proposal of Taxonomy Intersection between Agon and Mimicry
Role Playing Game
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A proposal of Taxonomy Intersection between Agon and Simulations
Business Game
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A proposal of Taxonomy Intersection of Agon, Simulations and Mimicry
Simulators
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A proposal of Taxonomy Intersection between Simulations and Mimicry
Serious Game to improve Soft Skills
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A proposal of Taxonomy Intersection between Simulations and Mimicry
Initial situation Decision Points Feedback
Each games forseen several decision points and different feedbacks
www.intouch-project.eu
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A proposal of Taxonomy Detailed classification of Serious Games
Fruition mode: online / offline
Seriuos Game
User: single user / multi-user
Graphical User Interface (GUI):
2D / 3D
Structure: playful / not playful
Engine: with / without engine
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A proposal of Taxonomy Detailed classification of Serious Games
Role Playing Game
Fruition mode: online / offline
User: single user / multi-user
Graphical User Interface (GUI): more often 3D
Structure: playful
Engine: with
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A proposal of Taxonomy Detailed classification of Serious Games
Fruition mode: mostly online
User: mostly multi-user
Graphical User Interface (GUI): 2D
Structure: playful / not playful
Engine: with Business Game
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A proposal of Taxonomy Detailed classification of Serious Games
Fruition mode: mainly offline
User: mainly single user
Graphical User Interface (GUI): 3D
Structure: playful
Engine: with Simulators
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A proposal of Taxonomy Detailed classification of Serious Games
Fruition mode: online / offline
User: single user / multi-user
Graphical User Interface (GUI): 2D / 3D
Structure: playful
Engine: with Serious Game
to improve Soft Skills
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Conclusion
• This taxonomy could be considered as a starting point to define a shared background aiming to identify what Serious Games are, and to research their best application context
• We hope that this taxonomy could represent a first step
toward a more precise Serious Games’ classification, in order to create a widely shared starting point for further research in this field