september 2011 patent group lunch
DESCRIPTION
Topics covered: America Invents ActEffective Dates Major Changes to 102 & 103 Derivation Proceedings Post Grant Review Citation of Art Prior Use Defense Miscellaneous ProvisionsTRANSCRIPT
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Prosecution Group Luncheon
September, 2011
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America Invents Act
Passed House and Senate (HR 1249)
Presidential Signature expected Friday
Most provisions take effect either 12 or 18 months from enactment
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America Invents Act—Effective Dates
Generally: effective 1 year after enactment (~9/16/2012)
Immediate effectPrior user defense Best mode changesTax strategy provision Marking provision
Effective 18 mos. after enactment (~3/16/2013)First to file (applies to apps. with claims with EFD after that effective date)
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America Invents Act
• First to File
• Post-grant Review/Citation of Art (3d party/supp. exam)– Transitional Procedure for certain Bus. Method Patents
• Prior use defense
• Tax strategies deemed within prior art
• Elimination of Best Mode as Invalidity Basis
• Marking issues
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America Invents Act—First to File
Section 102 rewritten—prior art is• (a)(1) Publicly available before effective filing date
Exceptions [(b)(1)]: disclosures less than 1 year before EFD are not prior art under (a)(1) if
– By inventor or one who obtained it from inventor– Disclosure was previously disclosed by inventor
• (a)(2) Patents/published applications of other inventor, having prior EFD Exceptions [(b)(2)]: disclosures not prior art under (a)(2) if– Obtained from inventor– Publicly disclosed by inventor before reference’s EFD– Disclosure and claimed invention subject to common
ownership
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America Invents Act—First to File
Section 103:
A patent may not be obtained
if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains.
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America Invents Act—First to File
Derivation proceedings
Patents: new sec. 291, civil action (1 year deadline)
Applications: new section 135, petition akin topost-grant petitions
Note: current secs. 102(g), 135, 291 remain in effect for applications and patents with claim(s) having EFD before the effective date (March 2013)
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America Invents Act—Post-Grant Review
Inter Partes Review (Ch. 31; replaces inter partes reexam)
• Basis: 102/103, over patents or printed publications• Petition to cancel claim(s) (with references, expert
declarations, argument), decision whether to grant is not appealable
• Timing: after 9 months from issue, or after Ch. 32 post-grant review
Post-Grant Review (Ch. 32)• Basis: any invalidity ground in sec. 282• Similar petition process• Timing: within 9 months after issue
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America Invents Act—Post-Grant Review
• Transitional program for “covered business method patents” (Ch. 32 procedure, where patent is in suit)
• Regulations from PTO within one year from enactment
• Estoppel (akin to interference), stay, joinder provisions
• Settlement provision precludes estoppel
• Claims can be amended during proceeding; intervening rights arise
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America Invents Act—Citation of Art
Third-party submissions• Sec. 301: patents/publications or owner’s
court/PTO statements can be filed at any time
• Amended sec. 122: patents/publications can be filed pre-issuance (w/relevance statement)
Patent Owner’s Supplemental Examination• Step prior to requesting reexamination• PTO can institute reexamination • Chance to cure possible inequitable conduct
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America Invents Act—Prior Use DefenseFor good-faith commercial user of process or machine,
manufacture, composition used in process
• For uses 1 year before infringed patent’s effective filing date; abandonment re-starts the clock
• Clear and convincing standard of proof
• Premarket regulatory, nonprofit lab use is “commercial”
• Personal defense; transfer only with sale of business
• Exception for university plaintiffs
• No defense for derivers
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America Invents Act
Other provisions of note
14: Strategies for reducing/deferring tax liability are insufficient to distinguish from prior art (with exceptions)
15: Best mode• Absence no longer an invalidity ground• No longer required for 119(e)/120 priority
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America Invents Act—Other
16: Marking• Qui tam suits eliminated• Competitive injury by false marking actionable• Virtual marking (“Patented; see www. . . .”)
17: Codification/extension of Knorr-Bremse: failure to obtain or disclose advice of counsel cannot be used to prove willfulness/intent to induce infringement
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America Invents Act—Effective Dates
Generally: effective 1 year after enactment (~9/16/2012)
Immediate effectPrior user defense Best mode changesTax strategy provision Marking provision
Effective 18 mos. after enactment (~3/16/2013)First to file (applies to apps. with claims with EFD after that effective date)