#04.09

SEP 2018

RESPECT.

S’N’KKINGLY TROGUE SIESTAMILTON BLAKETHE SAN ANTONESSIMPLICITY JAHRISINGSUN

CHRONICLE

TUFF LIKE IRON

ROOTS.

ROCK.

ALEX MARLEYRELEASES.

IRIE CHANNEL.

GiARK

LION TWINDREAD RADIO

featuring

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ISSUE #04.09 / SEP 2018

Nicholas ‘Nico’ Da Silva

Founder/Editor in Chief

“The people who were trying to make this world worse are not taking the day off. Why should I?”

- Robert Nesta Marley, OM

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Marihuana Tax Act of 1937

Chronicle: August 2, 1937

Kindah

One Family

Tuff Like Iron

Ironic

IRIE Channel

GiARK’s I’ve Been There

Lion Twin

Dread Radio

Alex Marley

Return of the Rebel

ROOTS.

RESPECT.

ROCK.

IRIE CHANNEL.

REGGAE.

RELEASES.

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ROOTS.MARIHUANA TAX ACT OF 1937Chronicle: August 2, 1937

USA

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The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937, enacted August 2, 1937, was a United States

Act that placed a tax on the sale of cannabis. The H.R. 6385 act was drafted by

Harry Anslinger and introduced by Rep. Robert L. Doughton of North Carolina,

on April 14, 1937. The seventy-fifth Congress held hearings on April 27, 28,

29th, 30th, and May 4, 1937. Upon the congressional hearings confirmation, the

H.R. 6385 act was redrafted as H.R. 6906 and introduced with House Report

792. The Act is now commonly referred to, using the modern spelling, as the

1937 Marijuana Tax Act. This act was overturned in 1969 in Leary v. United

States, and was repealed by Congress the next year.

Shortly after the 1937 Marihuana Tax Act went into effect on October 1, 1937, the Federal Bureau of

Narcotics and Denver City police arrested Moses Baca for possession and Samuel Caldwell for dealing.

Baca and Caldwell’s arrest made them the first marijuana convictions under U.S. federal law for not

paying the marijuana tax.

Judge Foster Symes sentenced Baca to 18 months and Caldwell to four years in Leavenworth Penitentiary

for violating the 1937 Marihuana Tax Act.

After the Philippines fell to Japanese forces in 1942, the Department of Agriculture and the US Army

urged farmers to grow fiber hemp. Tax stamps for cultivation of fiber hemp began to be issued to farmers.

Without any change in the Marihuana Tax Act, 400,000 acres (1,600 km2) were cultivated with hemp

between 1942 and 1945. The last commercial hemp fields were planted in Wisconsin in 1957.

ROOTS.

MARIHUANA TAX ACT OF 1937CHRONICLE: August 2, 1937

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In 1967, President Johnson’s Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice opened,

“The Act raises an insignificant amount of revenue and exposes an insignificant number of marijuana

transactions to public view, since only a handful of people are registered under the Act. It has become, in

effect, solely a criminal law, imposing sanctions upon persons who sell, acquire, or possess marijuana.”

In 1969 in Leary v. United States, part of the Act was ruled to be unconstitutional as a violation of the

Fifth Amendment, since a person seeking the tax stamp would have to incriminate him/herself. In

response the Congress passed the Controlled Substances Act as Title II of the Comprehensive Drug

Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, which repealed the 1937 Act.

Although the spelling “marijuana” is more common in current usage, the actual spelling used in the

Marihuana Tax Act is ‘marihuana’. ‘Marihuana’ was the spelling most commonly used in Federal

Government documents at the time.

In addition, the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 legitimized the use of the term ‘marijuana’ as a label for

hemp and cannabis plants and products in the US and around the world. Prior to 1937, ‘marijuana’

was slang; it was not included in any official dictionaries. The word marijuana is probably of Mexican

origin. Mexico itself had passed prohibition for export to the US in 1925, following the International

Opium Convention.

In the years leading up to the tax act, it was in common use in the United States, ‘smoked like tobacco’,

and called ‘ganjah’, or ‘ganja’. After the enactment, illegal immigrants and US citizens could be arrested

for possession of cannabis.

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ROCK.TUFF LIKE IRONIRONIC

TTO

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Tuff Like Iron

Featured Album

IronicJuly 23, 2018

WEBSITE

tufflikeiron.org

On September 25, 2018, multilayered reggae artist and fashion designer, Tuff Like Iron’, launched her first

official album, ‘Ironic’, in Jamaica with the Sankofa Sessions, a curated, Afro-centric music event held every

Tuesday at the Stone’s Throw Bar, 1B Manning’s Hill Road at 8:30-10:00 PM. At the collaborative themed

event dubbed ‘Artist Life’, which is also the name of a track on the project, Tuff Like Iron performed songs

from the album live and also hosted a fashion show and pop up shop.

Exploring the ‘art is life angle’ through design and music, Tuff, whose name represents the resilience,

courage and power needed to forge through life’s challenges in today’s world, is embracing all aspects

of her creativity. She sees herself as the consummate artist, passionate about using her platform to

encourage others to step into and own their power and truth, while prioritizing higher awareness.

While Ironic was already released online in July, this is the first official event celebrating its debut. The

album is a 17-track compilation of songs featuring collaborations with The Gideon, Jahdan Blakkamoore,

Dequeen and Alika, and epitomizes her vital mission ‘to consciously represent the voice of the people, answer

their questions and free their minds’. To expand on this even more, she is also committed to building out

this idea in a way that makes a contribution to the lives of other upcoming artists who may need support

and motivation.

As with her music, this intention is very present in the Afro-conscious, stylish clothing she designs, and

her clothing line, also called Tuff Like Iron, has been doing well for the same reason.

IRONICTUFF LIKE IRONROCK.

Photography by: T.O.K.Y.O Photography Written by: Tami Tsansai

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Tuff Like Iron, ‘Ironic’ Album LaunchJAMAICA

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Tuff Like Iron, ‘Ironic’ Album LaunchJAMAICA

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REGGAE.LION TWINDREAD RADIO

TTO

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Lion Twin

WEBSITE

dreadmovement.com

Featured Single

Good Stuff RiddimJune 08, 2018

“All Reggae... All day… Everyday…”

LION TWIN

DREAD RADIO is an online radio station exclusively dedicated to Reggae

selections. While the station is based in Trinidad, the cast comprises an

array of first-class, international selectors whose contributions feature

a wide spectrum of artistes from around the world. The radio station

was founded in response to a longstanding appeal for Reggae radio—a

station dedicated to soulful, Roots/Reggae music, endorsing positivity,

equality, love and harmony, rooted in the philosophies of Rastafari.

For the last two years, Dread Radio has captured audiences around the world by way of their exclusive

Reggae selections. As the radio continues to expand, so too do the Dreadite (fan) numbers.

The team is proud to offer a distinctive blend of old school and contemporary Reggae that transcends

generational and geographical barriers. Tune in, as they present their unapologetically edifying, uplifting

and enlivening dread compilation.

IRIE Magazine invites you to tune in to Dread Radio by visiting the official website at dreadmovement.com

or by downloading the Dread Radio App (Search ‘Dread Radio’ on the TuneIn App).

LION TWIN

Born in December 1991, to the legendary reggae DJ, Kenneth ‘Lion King’ Charles, and wife Camille, Asfa

and Yacob Charles, are products of a reggae-filled household, grounded in the traditions of the Twelve

Tribes of Israel and the teachings of Rastafari.

DREAD RADIO

REGGAE.

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Lion Twin

The twin recalls playing around their father’s studio and interacting with a number of notable, local and

international reggae artistes. As Asfa explains, at the time, much of their interaction with the music, the

devices and the musical personalities, was simply them ‘being boys’ more so, than showing any serious in-

terest in the family business. He also notes that they were also often reprimanded by their father, the Lion

King, for whom this was not merely a lifestyle, but his livelihood.

In 2003, at the age of twelve, Asfa and Yacob Charles made their debut as Reggae DJ’s (selectors) – the

Lion Twin - at the Twelve Tribes of Israel Youth Concert. They attribute their debut to the endorsement

and encouragement of Reggae veteran and family friend, Fred Locks, as well as the guidance and support

of their father, who at that time, had been well established in the business for over two decades.

The twin recalls their debut as an overwhelming experience, brimming with nerves and an extraordinary

outpouring of love and support from the Twelve Tribe Audience. They made their start on their father’s

sound system – Lion King Muzik- with Asfa playing the role of selector, while Yacob held the crowd as the

‘mic man’.

Subsequently, the Lion Twin played at countless events, including stage productions, reggae concerts, and

sound clashes. The brothers recall some of their past gigs, which included events with musical legends like

Bunny Wailer, Gregory Isaacs, Berres Hammond and Culture and others such as Jah Cure, Vybz Kartel,

Junior Gong, Nas and so on.

As members of the Lion King musical camp, the duo established themselves as a superior reggae sound. As

they progressed, the brothers became more comfortable in reverse roles; the unmistakable voice of the

Lion Twin is now Asfa, while Yacob holds the fort as the Selector. Regionally, the Lion Twin made a name

for themselves as the youngest selectors in the reggae genre and frontrunners in the business.

In 2010, the brothers made their debut on mainstream radio. They became part of the regular line-up at

one of Trinidad and Tobago’s oldest and leading urban radio stations, where they branched out further into

Featured EP

Dread RiddimNovember 03, 2017

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Lion Twin & Chronixx, Hilton HotelTRINIDAD & TOBAGO

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Lion Twin

more urban music, including Soca, Dancehall and

Hip Hop. In spite of this, their most notable con-

tribution was their Sunday evening reggae shift,

which they claimed as their favourite session.

They remained there for 6 years.

The year 2013 marked a change in the direction

and scope of the Lion Twin. It was at this juncture

in their careers that Asfa and Yacob made the de-

cision to shift their efforts back to their roots, and

concentrate on Roots and Reggae music. From

that point on, (excluding their radio schedule), the

twin’s line-up was exclusively Roots/Reggae.

During this period, the brother’s energies shifted

towards more musical productions and collabo-

rations, which lead to the foundation of the Lion

Twin Studio. This Studio, where selector Yacob

holds the position of producer, has hosted numer-

ous local and international reggae artistes and

DJs who have collaborated with the duo, to pro-

duce a number of records/tracks and mixtapes.

In 2016, the Lion Twin’s career took an evolution-

ary turn. The brothers left mainstream radio and

took time to focus on their personal aspirations.

As members of the Twelve Tribes of Israel, the

Featured Single

Children of ShemJune 14, 2017

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Lion Twin

WEBSITE

dreadmovement.com

Featured EP

Armageddon Riddim

March 24, 2017

Lion Twin always seeks to advocate/endorse the music and teachings of Rastafari. By way of their musical

productions, collaborations and selections, they principal goal is to elevate and motivate and to promote

positivity and consciousness.

Their first move was a group initiative, dedicated to the promotion of Reggae with an aim to transform the

underground culture in which this particular genre of music thrives. The Lion Twin, along with a handful

of other like-minded friends formed the DREAD Movement. The team’s plans included the production

of atypical Reggae events as well as social activism and the promotion of positive lifestyle through social

media. The Dread Movement initiative then led to the launch of Dread TV, where the team highlights sev-

eral regional and international talents, who impart their own unique brands of knowledge, vibes and who

endorse the roots and reggae culture.

The most noteworthy development out of the Lion Twin camp came when the brothers were able to

realise a lifelong dream. For several years, Asfa and Yacob recognised that there was a shortage of reggae

music on mainstream radio. This scarcity motivated the duo to create a forum dedicated to filling this

void. The Lion Twin founded DREAD Radio in April 2016, as an online radio station, dedicated solely to

the broadcasting of roots and reggae music. Since its launch, the line-up has expanded to include daily live

broadcasts featuring several notable local and international selectors. The station also features countless

‘old school’ favourites as well as new artistes’ contributions, including some of the Lion Twin’s very own

productions.

Asfa and Yacob Charles have already enjoyed a dynamic and fruitful career that spans over a decade. The

brothers are renowned for their distinct sound and style. They are also well respected by their count-

less fans – both local and international – as well their peers and counterparts in the field. They continue

to work hard and push forward, spreading their message and ideals through their labour. For the Lion

Twin, their efforts are a ‘Labour of Love’and promotion of a lifestyle, to which they are passionately and

whole-heartedly committed.

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Lion Twin & Eesah, Hilton HotelTRINIDAD & TOBAGO

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RESPECT.

Rogue Siesta

United Kingdom

The San Antones

United States

Milton Blake

Jamaica

Kingly T

Jamaica / United States

S’n’K

France

Simplicity JahRisingSun

Jamaica

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GBRROGUE SIESTA

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Rogue Siesta

Featured EP

From The CanopySeptember 28, 2018

WEBSITE

roguesiesta.com

Born over a weekend at Boomtown Festival UK, Rogue Siesta are a Sheffield based group of musician

friends who’ve pooled their combined Reggae, Indie, Rock, Blues, Punk, and Ska influences, resulting in

Rogue Siesta’s smooth Reggae, sweet saxophone and smokey blues riffs, with a snarling rocky edge.

The highlight of the last year was supporting the legendary Neville Staple, formerly of The Specials, in

September at the Leamington Assembly!

Other recent support slots include 80s Ska legends The Beat, The Undercover Hippy, Treehouse Fire,

Shanty and New Zealand’s Katchafire on the Sheffield Leg of their 20th Anniversary world tour!

Rogue Siesta’s debut London gig, 2nd Feb 2018, as part of the line up on one the excellent ‘Rumpus’ nights,

was declared SOLD OUT in under 8 hours!

Rogue Siesta’s EP entitled ‘From the Canopy’ releases today featuring four solid tracks; ‘Jungle’, ‘Dusty Old

City’, ‘Pass it On’ and ‘Smoking Gun’, which is an IRIE Magazine favorite! Run and pick up this EP! You’ll

thank us later!

Rogue Siesta band members include Tom Carr (Vocals), Ben McGovern (Bass), Lauren Greaves (Drums),

Ed Donnellan (Sax/Keys) and Jack Flynn (Guitar).

Photography By: Aimee Catt

ROGUE SIESTARESPECT.

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JAMMILTON BLAKE

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Milton Blake

Featured Single

Trumpet SoundJanuary 23, 2018

Born to Dorothy and Malachi Blake in the parish of St. Catherine, Jamaica on August 8,1970. Milton grew

up in a community where he was surrounded by political violence he did not succombe to this negative

living, instead he focused on school and music. His friends and family affectionately calls him ‘Little C’

for his break dancing, but he quickly moved on to music and concentrated on singing. Encouraged by his

friends and relatives, Milton started voicing out on a community based Sound system named Stereo Tone

Hi Fi. It was there that he started growing musically. Working alongside artists Admiral Tibets, Lt. Stitchie,

Rickey General, Papa San and Luciano. He met producers Steelie and Cleevie at the Mixing Lab Studio

and did a combination with Bingie General (Major Mackerel’s brother) for the duo. He started recording

for Pick Out Records, Dwight Pinkney of Roots Radics Band and recorded a song called ‘He Lives’ which

was released on the Ketty Vibration Various Artists Album, Henfield Records titled ‘Thank You’ and

‘Mr.Government’ all were well received.

Milton was once sparing with the Jahmessenjah Family, Luciano and Mikey General and has since then

perfected his musical skills. He has produced tracks such as ‘Empress Come To Me’ by Luciano, ‘High Roller’

by Anthony B and ‘More To Beauty’ by Mikey General just to name a few. Having performed on shows

across Jamaica, such as ‘Back To the Foundation’, ‘Black History’, ‘Its Me Again Jah’, ‘Culture Shock’, ‘Easterfest’

in Barbados and recently in the United States. Much of Milton’s lyrics focus on spiritual upliftment,

sufferation, black consciousness and giving praises to the almighty Jah. Some of his latest works include

‘People need Jah’, ‘Raggamuffin Soldier’, ‘Whe Yuh Feel Like’ and ‘Crying Pen’. He has currently released his

debut album and it is moving up with aggressive speed. Milton is now working with his own Lion and

Lioness Productionz. His favorite singers include Dennis Brown, Luciano and Mikey General.

Milton always says, “Always rise above the negative and keep focused on the positive to attain your goal.”

MILTON BLAKERESPECT.

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FRAS’N’K

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S’n’K

Featured Album

From the Bedroom, to the StageSeptember 12, 2018

S’n’K, aka Singah & Kip ‘Poz, is the new generation of French reggae!

Inspired by artists such as Naâman, Biga Ranx, or Manudigital, S’n’K is above all two young Parisian

singers gathered around a common passion: reggae culture sound-system. ‘An explosive duo on stage’

to discover absolutely!

Their real names are Julian and Thibaud, but since their meeting in February 2017 during a fiery jam at

New Morning, Singah and Kip ‘Poz have merged into ‘S’n’K’.

S’n’K is a combination of two different voices complementary each other, from French to English, from dub

to hip-hop, all enhanced with digital and electronics to form a reggae sound with many faces.

On stage they are accompanied by the duo of Selecta’s ‘TSD Beat’. Together, they go through concerts and

festivals to share their musical passion and their scenic energy!

S’n’K has already performed alongside Jahneration, Joseph Cotton, Mardjenal, LMK, Scars, Selecta

Antwan (Sound Terminal) and many more. They are preparing for their next tour for their first EP

‘From the Bedroom To The Stage’ released in September 2018.

S’N’KRESPECT.

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USA

THE SAN ANTONES

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THE SAN ANTONESRESPECT.

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The San Antones

WEBSITE

thesanantones.com

Featured Single

Chasing WindmillsSeptember 07, 2018

The San Antones come to you live and direct from their beloved, big state of Texas. Generating a modern,

yet classic sound, the band derives its roots from their love, admiration and respect for the Reggae music

genre. Long time friends, Kevin Groeneveld (strings) and Geo Ramos (drums) came up with the idea for this

passion project after putting their blood, sweat and tears into previous bands for nearly a decade.

Now well experienced with the ups and downs of the music industry, the two decided to begin creating

new melodies and inspiration with a more laid back approach instead of putting the pressure of expecta-

tions, deadlines and any other business-related roadblocks in the back of their minds.

The free flowing sounds of The San Antones stem from being able to do the project 100% independently.

From the jam sessions, to the studio and production, everything is done in-house or with the help of

friends and family.

Their debut EP, The Walking Texas Danger embodies this new approach to putting out tasty riddims for all

to enjoy. Tracked at their very own Alamo KNG studios and produced by the legendary Roger Rivas of Los

Angeles, the premiere of The San Antones features strictly instrumental jams designed to get you moving

and grooving.

Song titles such as ‘Chasing Windmills’ and ‘Texafornia’ also show the band’s humorous side backed by the

professionalism of musicians who take their craft seriously.

If something is worth doing, it’s worth doing right. Join us as we humbly invite you to enjoy the sounds and

licks of THE SAN ANTONES.

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JAMKINGLY T

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Kingly T

WEBSITE

kinglytmusic.com

Featured Single

So NiceSeptember 22, 2018

Having traveled the world and carefully crafted his art, reggae artist Kingly T. incorporates a number of

genres and uses positive lyrical content to connect with listeners around the world. Now a citizen of the

United States, he has brought the reggae sound of Kingston, Jamaica to the mainstream American music

landscape.

The musical journey of Kingly T began in Jamaica where he served as lead guitarist for the group known

as “Ninja Force”. Kingly T helped modernize the idea of soul and reggae melding with modern pop conven-

tions. During the late 90’s, he spread his unique brand of music around the world and traveled through a

number of different countries including Mexico, Japan and the United States.

Flashforward to August 29, 2018 and Kingly T is officially signed by Selective Records.

His first release on the label is ‘So Nice’ (September 22), which will be followed by a series of singles to

be released by the artist in the near future. Collaborations with other artists is in the works. In fact, his

opening release set to be remixed & will feature the ‘Selective Records’ CEO ‘Antwan Turman’ who is also

an artist! It’s quite obvious that Kingly T’s career is transitioning as his goals, fans, & music ascend to

new heights.

With great power comes great responsibility & in that light Kingly T is & will be responsible for a lot as his

influence grows. ‘Kingly T’ promises to bring positivity to music & is serious about that positivity having an

impact on fans/listeners.

This more than exceptional artist is set to set a new bar in the world of Reggae music. We are very honored

to assist in & be a part this artists spectacular Journey!

KINGLY TRESPECT.

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VIRSIMPLICITY JAHRISINGSUN

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Simplicity JahRisingSun

Featured Single

Nubian ManSeptember 21, 2018

WEBSITE

jahrisingsun.com

Simplicity JahRisingSun after a quiet meditation was the artist name he chose to carry him on his lyrical

journey of spreading love and teachings to the world. Simplicity JahRisingSun, also known as Karim T.

Anthony, was born on St. Thomas, one of the four (4) islands that comprise the United States Virgin Islands

to Mr. Randolph Anthony and Ms. Sarah Weekes. Growing up in the areas known as Smith Bay and Donoe

made a great impression on Simplicity, as both environments gave him life teachings about the ups and

downs and the ins and outs of how we live united and divided as a people.

Simplicity JahRisingSun, “The Lion with the ‘lover’s rock’ voice”, has been compared to some greats such as

Glen Washington, Dennis Brown, and Gregory Isaacs in the way he takes hold of the rhythm and gives it a

soul. Simplicity’s love for reggae began when he was around the age of five (5) years old, and even though

he constantly got in trouble for listening to his brother’s oldie but goldy cassette tapes on his brother’s

boom box, his love of reggae grew more and more. As he embraced the love and teachings from the music,

he began to seek and was guided to a life of RASTAFARI. 

In the summer of 2011, Simplicity JahRisingSun began his journey into the reggae realm and released his

first two singles ‘When I Hail Far-I’ and ‘By Your Side’. Experience has taught Simplicity much wisdom, and

has prepared him for what he feels he is destined to do. Simplicity JahRisingSun intends to use his lyrical

vibration and melodic tones to edify peace and love, and to touch the hearts, minds, and souls of all in the

world today. Simplicity Jah Rising Sun’s first official EP Album entitled, ‘Simply Me Simplicity’ was released

on September 21, 2018, which includes songs entitled, ‘Give Me A Chance’, ‘Never Give Up On Far-I’, ‘Wake

Up I Say’, and ‘Nubian Man’. Simplicity JahRisingSun’s EP Album is available for purchase online at www.

jahrisingsun.com. Simplicity’s his first official full length album to be released in the early part of 2019.

Photography By: Andrea T. Wallace

SIMPLICITY JAHRISINGSUNRESPECT.

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IRIE CHANNEL.GIARKI’VE BEEN THERE

JAM

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Featured Single

I’ve Been ThereMarch 30, 2018

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GiARKMeet Artiste, Composer and Producer, GiARK! GiARK is the name coined by the artist, producer, and com-

poser Craig Dixon. As the son of Bobby ‘Digital’ Dixon, the artist inherited his father’s passion for quality

music production.

From birth, the young prodigy knew he was destined to carve a name for himself. The name GiARK,

meaning ‘to eliminate crosses’, sheds light on the need for more positive music out of the island of Jamaica.

His recent press features include VP Records Presents: I’ve Been There and the BBC1Xtra Presents:

GiARK LIVE at Big Yard Studios. GiARK is on a mission to energize the reggae movement across the

world, starting with the land of wood and water.

Some of his recent recordings include ‘Kingsun’ and ‘So Nice’, his lyrical subjects range from roots and

culture to love and reality.

He has been instrumental in creating music for artists worldwide including Chronixx, Kabaka Pyramid,

Daniel Bambaata Marley, Fay-Ann Lyons and Raging Fyah among others. He is currently working on a

cache of new musical creations infusing dancehall, contemporary reggae and urban music with his own

unique sound.

IRIE Magazine is proud to present GiARK’s ‘I’ve been there’ as our featured music video on the IRIE Channel!

IRIE CHANNEL.

I’VE BEEN THEREGIARK

Attract what you expect,

reflect what you desire,

become what you respect.

“Attract what you expect, reflect what you desire, beome what you respect.”

GiARK

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Alex Marley

WEBSITE

alexmarleymusic.com

RELEASE INFO

LABEL 717642 Records DKCOPYRIGHT © 2018 Alex MarleyTOTAL LENGTH 34:14TOTAL TRACKS 9FORMAT AlbumGENRES Reggae

RELEASES.

RETURN OF THE REBELALEX MARLEY

Featured Album

Return of the RebelJune 22, 2018

TRACK LIST

01. Rebel Music 4:52

02. Conspiracy Theory [Explicit] 3:12

03. X Girl 3:26

04. Far Away Girl 3:17

05. Love Song Pon My Guitar (feat. Dakyd) 3:49

06. Love You So (feat. Keith Batlin) 3:49

07. Tear Drops (feat. J. Barrett & K. Batlin) 3:47

08. Religious Persecution [Explicit] 4:07

09. All the Same (feat. Keith Batlin) 3:55

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IRIE would like to thank the following people who helped make this issue a successful one. Without their efforts, this magazine would not be possible.

Michelle Monreal, Giovanna Guimarães, Ashley Hyde, Lion Twin & Dread Radio, T.O.K.Y.O Photography & Tami Tsansai (Tuff Like Iron), Aimee Catt (Rogue Siesta), Andrea T. Wallace (Simplicity JahRisingSun), Alex Marley and GiARK! Nuff Respect!

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