seoul national university functional & molecular imaging system lab progress in nuclear imaging...
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![Page 1: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab
Progress in Nuclear Imaging
Mikiko Ito, PhDDept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National Univ., Seoul
심광숙 교수님 퇴임기념 워크샵June. 11-12, 2011
![Page 2: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab
1. PET/MRI
2. New DOI detector
![Page 3: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Positron Emission Tomography
What is PET• based on the coincidence detection of a
pair of positron annihilation gamma-rays
![Page 4: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Positron Emission Tomography
What is PET• based on the coincidence detection of a
pair of positron annihilation gamma-rays
• Provide biochemical information by
using positron-emitter labeled
pharmaceuticals
• have higher performance for resolution,
sensitivity, and quantitative accuracy
compared with SPECT
![Page 5: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Imaging Technique
Range of EM Wave
Spatial Reso-lution
Sensitivity Anatomical Imaging
Molecular Imaging
PET 511 keV 1 ~ 10 mm10-11 ~ 10-12 mole/L + +++
MRI Microwave 25 ~ 100 μm10-3 ~ 10-5 mole/L +++ +
CT X-ray 50 ~ 200 μm +++
PET MRI CT
Motivation for PET/MRI
![Page 6: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
MR-Compatible SiPM PET Insert
PET insert with12 detector modules
(D=13.6 cm)
Dedicated FPGA-basedacquisition system
LGSO (1.5x1.5x7.0 mm3)
20x18 arraySiPM (4x4 MPPC) 2x2 array
Shielding box
Position encoding (64 4 ch)
LGSO & SiPM
Temperature sensor& Amplifiers
![Page 7: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Simultaneous PET/MR Imaging
Siemens MAGNETOM Trio 3T MRI
4-cm loop receiver coilX2
![Page 8: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
With RF shielding
MR Compatibility of SiPM PET
Without RFInside 3T MRI
T2 Turbo Spin Echo
![Page 9: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Simultaneous PET/MRI Studies
T2 MRI Fusion SNU SiPM PET
FDG PET & T2 MRI in BALB/c Mouse
Kidneys
![Page 10: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab
1. PET/MRI
2. New DOI detector
![Page 11: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Why DOI Measurement?
Long crystal
Small cross section
Small diameter
Small-ring PET system: Small animal, breast, brain…• Small cross section of crystal• long crystal
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Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Why DOI Measurement?
Small-ring PET system: Small animal, breast, brain…• Small cross section of crystal• long crystal
If the DOI position is unknown
Parallaxerror
![Page 13: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Why DOI Measurement?
If the DOI position is unknown
Parallaxerror
If the DOI position is known
Depth of interac-tion (DOI)
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Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Multi-layer detectorMulti-layer detector
DOI Detector Designs
Multi-anode PMT
Typically5~10 mm
• Discrete DOI information• High manufacturing cost
Dual-ended readout detector
• Continuous DOI information • High manufacturing cost• Damage of front sensor by gamma rays
![Page 15: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Multi-layer detectorMulti-layer detector
DOI Detector Designs
Multi-anode PMT
Typically5~10 mm
Dual-ended readout detector
• Continuous DOI information • High manufacturing cost• Damage of front sensor by gamma rays
• Discrete DOI information• High manufacturing cost
Cons
![Page 16: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Dual-ended readout detectorDual-ended readout detector
DOI Detector Designs
Multi-anode PMT
Typically5~10 mm
Multi-layer detector
• Continuous DOI information • High manufacturing cost• Damage of front sensor by gamma rays
• Discrete DOI information• High manufacturing cost
Cons
![Page 17: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
DOI Detector Designs
Multi-anode PMT
Typically5~10 mm
Multi-layer detector
Dual-ended readout detector
• Discrete DOI information• High manufacturing cost
• Continuous DOI information • High manufacturing cost• Damage of front sensor by gamma rays
ProsCons
Cons
![Page 18: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Direct DOI measurement
DOI Detector DesignsDirect DOI measurement
Flex circuit
PS-APD
Crystal
• Discrete DOI with high resolution• Low packing fraction• Large output channels• High manufacturing cost
WLS strip
Crystal
SiPM
![Page 19: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Direct DOI measurement
DOI Detector DesignsDirect DOI measurement
Flex circuit
PS-APD
Crystal
• Discrete DOI with high resolution• Low packing fraction• Large output channels• High manufacturing cost
WLS strip
Crystal
SiPM
ProsCons
![Page 20: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Direct DOI measurement
DOI Detector DesignsDirect DOI measurement
Flex circuit
PS-APD
Crystal
• Discrete DOI with high resolution• Low packing fraction• Large output channels• High manufacturing cost
WLS strip
Crystal
SiPM
ProsCons
Aim of our study
: To develop new DOI detector that does not require
additional crystals or photo-sensors
![Page 21: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Concept of DOI Measurement
Single-layer crystal array + Single-ended readout
Cost-effectiveness
Multi-anode PMT
Triangular teethreflector
![Page 22: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Concept of DOI Measurement
Tailoring light spread
Continuous DOI
Multi-anode PMT
Reflector grid
Single-layer crystal array + Single-ended readout
Cost-effectiveness
Triangular teethreflector
![Page 23: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Concept of DOI Measurement
Multi-anode PMT
Reflector grid
Triangular teethreflector
Reflector grid: constructed by crossing
the triangular-teeth strips
![Page 24: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Concept of DOI Measurement
Multi-anode PMT
Reflector grid
Triangular teethreflector
yx
z
Reflector grid: constructed by crossing
the triangular-teeth strips
![Page 25: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Concept of DOI Measurement
Triangular teethreflector
yx
z
Reflector grid: constructed by crossing
the triangular-teeth strips
Upper-half
Lower-half
Direction of light dispersion
• Within the upper-half block : in the y direction• Within the lower-half block : in the x direction
Amount of dispersion
: depends on the DOI position
![Page 26: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Concept of DOI Measurement
Triangular teethreflector
yx
z
Reflector grid: constructed by crossing
the triangular-teeth strips
Direction of light dispersion
• Within the upper-half block : in the y direction• Within the lower-half block : in the x direction
Amount of dispersion
: depends on the DOI positionUpper-half
Lower-half
![Page 27: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Concept of DOI Measurement
Reflector grid: constructed by crossing
the triangular-teeth strips
Direction of light dispersion
• Within the upper-half block : in the y direction• Within the lower-half block : in the x direction
Amount of dispersion
: depends on the DOI position
Triangular teethreflector
yx
z
Upper-half
Lower-half
DOI information : by comparing X and Y signal distributions
![Page 28: Seoul National University Functional & Molecular Imaging System Lab Progress in Nuclear Imaging Mikiko Ito, PhD Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020320/5697bf9a1a28abf838c924df/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Detector Design
Triangular-teeth shape
Conventional strip shape
Detector design• Unpolished LYSO (22 x 22 array)• Crystal : 2.0 x 2.0 x 28 mm3
• H8500 PMT (8 x 8 anode array)
Triangular teethreflector
yx
z
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Seoul National University FMIS Lab
( bx , by , (ax – ay + A )/E )
DOI Response
2 mm
26 mm
6 mm10 mm14 mm18 mm22 mm
H8500 PMT
3D DOI response function
2yb
2xb
(ax –
a y +
A )
/E
26 mm
22 mm
18 mm
14 mm
10 mm
6 mm
2 mm
3D DOI response map
“Side on” irradiation
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Seoul National University FMIS Lab
DOI Response
Estimation of DOI resolution
3D DOI response map
2yb
2xb
(ax –
a y +
A )
/E
Bbb xy 22
7
3
(ax –
a y +
A )
/E
B
DOI
Cou
nts DOI resolution
: 3.52 mm
2D projection map histogramDOI
Average DOI resolution : 3.5 mm for 28 mm crystal array
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Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Crystal Identification
Flood image
40 cm
“Front on” irradiation
22 x 22 array
All crystal positions were well separated in flood image
H8500 PMT
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Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Summary
1. New DOI detector
: monolayer crystal array + single-ended readout
2. DOI dependency
: 2D light dispersion tailored by geometry of reflector
frame (triangular teeth shape)
3. Initial performances
- Average DOI resolution of 3.5 mm for 2.0 x 2.0 x 28 mm crystals
- Energy resolution of 15.8 ~ 18.8 %
- Time resolution of 1.2 ~ 1.8 ns
- All crystals are separated in flood image
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Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Thank you for your attention
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Seoul National University FMIS Lab
Dept. of Nuclear Medicine