sentence transformation biẾn ĐỔi cÂu) -...

TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr. Bảo English BMT – : 0967. 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT city

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SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (BIẾN ĐỔI CÂU)

1. To + V_inf + be + adj... → It + be + Adj + to + V_inf

To sit here with you is so nice. → It’s so nice to sit here with you.

2. It + be + Adj + V_ing → How + Adj + (It + be) + to + V_inf

It’s so nice sitting here with you. → How nice (it is) to sit here with you!

3. To + V_inf ...+ be + Adj/N → S + V + IT + ADJ/N + to + V_inf

To be there on time is important. → I find it important to be there on time.

4. THAT CLAUSE + BE + ADJ → S + V + IT + ADJ + THAT CLAUSE

That we should keep calm is important → I think it important that we should keep calm.

5. too + Adj + (for O) + to + V_inf

→ ... so + Adj + that …

→ It + be + such + (a/an + Adj) + N + THAT …

The tea was too hot for me to drink.

→ The tea was so hot that I couldn’t drink it.

→ It was such hot tea that I couldn’t drink it.

6. Adj + enough + (for O) +

→ ... so + Adj + that …

→ It + be + such + (a/an + Adj) + N + THAT …

This song is simple enough for all of us to sing.

→ This song is so simple that all of us can sing it.

→ It is such a simple song that all of us can sing it.

7. ... so + Adj + that (phủ định)

→ It + be + such + (a /an + Adj) + N + THAT ……

→ too + Adj + (for O) + to + V_inf

→ S + be (not) + Adj + enough + (for O) + to + V_inf

The jacket is so small that I can’t wear it. → It is such a small jacket that I can’t wear it.

→ The jacket is too small for me to wear. → The jacket is not big enough for me to wear.

8. too + Adj + for ... + to + V_inf ↔ Adj + Enough + For ... to + V_inf

The tea was too hot for her to drink. ↔ The tea was not cold enough for her to drink.

9. ... so + Adj + that …… ↔ It + be + such + (a/an + Adj) + N + THAT ……

It is such lovely weather that we spend the whole day in the garden.

→ The weather is so lovely that we spend the whole day in the garden.


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10. CLAUSES AND PHRASES:

A. Clauses and phrases of reason: bởi vì

Because/ Since/As + Clause ( S + V )

→ Because of / Due to / Owing to / On account of + Phrase ( N phrase/ V-ing phrase )

B. Clauses and phrases of concession: mặc dù

Although / Though / Even though + Clause ( S + V ) = In spite of the fact that + S + V

→ In spite of / Despite + Phrase ( Noun phrase/ V-ing phrase )

*LƯU Ý: không dùng BUT sau Although/ Though/ Even though, In spite of / Despite

Cách đổi : S + V → Noun Phrase

1. S (Noun) + be + Adj → Adj + Noun

2. S + be + Adj → my, his, your, our, her, their, its + Noun (Noun’s Noun)

Adj → Noun

ill → illness Ex : He was ill → His illness

sick → sickness

noisy → noise

sad → sadness

happy → happiness

3. V + Adv → Adj + Noun

Verb → Noun

behave → behavior Ex: He behaves well → His good hehavior

rain → rain

work → work

Adv → Adj

very → great

well → good

heavily → heavy

4. Verb → Ving

EX:

1. Because the weather is hot, I open the window. → Because of the hot weather, I open the window.

2. Although the weather was hot, we went out. → In spite of the hot weather, we went out.

3. Because he is lazy , he often gets bad marks. → Because of his laziness, he often gets bad marks.


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4. Because the husbands were absent, women went to work in factories.

→ Because of the absent husbands, women went to work in factories.

→ Because of the husbands’ absence, women went to work in factories.

5. Although she didn’t ask him, he helped her.

→ In spite of her not asking him, he helped her.

6. It was raining heavily, but the boys were playing football.

→ Although / Though It was raining heavily, the boys were playing football.

10. IF ... NOT ... = UNLESS + S + V = WITHOUT + N ... (Nếu không ... thì / Trừ phi ...)

He’ll die if nobody brings him to hospital. ↔ Unless somebody brings him to hosital, he’ll die.

(Anh ấy sẽ chết nếu không có ai đưa tới bệnh viện/ Trừ phi có người đưa anh ấy đến bệnh viện, anh

ấy sẽ chết)

11. *Lưu ý: Viết lại câu với mệnh đề If

1. Thì hiện tại if loại 2

2. Thì quá khứ if loại 3

3. Loại 2 và 3 có thể kết hợp.

4 Sau “so” là mệnh đề chính.

5. Sau “because” là mệnh đề If

6. Nguyên nhân là mệnh đề If, kết quả là mệnh đề chính.

7. Câu phủ định → Câu xác định và ngược lại Câu xác định → Câu phủ định

EX :

1. I am not a teacher, so I can’t teach children.

↔ If I were a teacher, I could teach children.

2. We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money.

↔ If we had had enough money, we would/could have gone on holiday.

3. I’m having a lot of trouble now because I lost my passport last week.

→ If I had not lost my passport last week, I would not have a lot of trouble now

12. WISH / IF ONLY

Hiện tại: S + wish + S + V2/ed (BE WERE)

If only + S + V2/ed (BE WERE)

I am poor now. I wish / If only I were rich.

Quá khứ: S + wish + S + HAD +V3/ed

If only + S + HAD +V3/ed


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I didn’t meet her . I wish / if only I had met her.

Tương lai: S + wish + S + would / could + Vo

If only + S + would / could + Vo

I can attend your wedding next week. I wish I could attend your wedding next week.

Lưu ý: Khi viết lại câu với wish: câu phủ định → câu xác định và ngược lại xác định → câu

phủ định

13. S + HAVE/HAS+V3/ed + FOR + ( Period of time )

↔ SINCE + ( a point of past time ) ↔ IT IS + TIME + SINCE + S + last + V2/ed

I haven’t seen her for three weeks. ↔ It’s three weeks since I last saw her.

14. S + HASN’T/HAVEN’T/NEVER+ V3/ed + BEFORE

↔ IT IS THE FIRST TIME + S + HAVE /HAS+ V3/ed

I haven’t seen that man here before. ↔ It’s the first time I have seen that man here.

15. S + V2/ED + TIME + AGO.

↔ S + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + V_ing + SINCE/FOR + TIME

I started working for the company a year ago.

↔ I’ve been working for the company for a year.

↔ I’ve been working for the company since last year.

16. S + HASN’T/ HAVEN’T + V3/ED + SINCE + S + V2ed/TIME

↔ S + LAST + V2/ED + WHEN ... ↔ THE LAST TIME + S + V2/ED + WAS ...

Laurence hasn’t seen her sister since she left for Japan.

(Laurence đã không gặp chị cô ấy từ khi đi học ở Nhật Bản)

↔ Laurence last saw her sister when she left for Japan.

(Laurence gặp chị cô ấy lần cuối cùng khi cô ấy đi học ở Nhật Bản)

Lucy hasn’t worn that dress since Barbara’s wedding.

(Kể từ khi Barbara cưới, Lucy đã không mặc chiếc áo đó nữa)

↔ The last time Lucy wore that dress was Barbara’s wedding.

(Lần cuối cùng khi Lucy mặc chiếc áo đó là khi cưới Barbara)

17. S + Spend / spent + TIME + Doing (Sth)

↔ IT + TAKE/TOOK + (O) + TIME + TO_INF


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I spend thirty minutes a day studying/ to study English.

(Mỗi ngày tôi dành 30 phút học Tiếng Anh)

↔ It takes me 30 minutes a day to study English.

We wrote a letter in two hours. ↔ It took us two hours to write a letter.

18. S + V + DID/COULD + NOT + Vo.........UNTIL + TIME/CLAUSE

( Mãi cho đến................mới..............)

↔ IT WAS NOT UNTIL + TIME/CLAUSE THAT + S + V2/ed/COULD + Vo

He couldn’t speak French well until the second year.

↔ It was not until the second year that he could speak French well.

(Mãi đến năm thứ 2 anh ấy mới nói tiếng Pháp giỏi)

19. S + V + O ↔ HAVE + O(sb) + Vo↔ HAVE + O(st) + V3/ed

The garage is going to repair the car for us next week.

(Garage sẽ sửa xe cho chúng tôi vào tuần sau)

↔ We are going to have our car repaired next week.

(Tuần sau chúng tôi sẽ nhờ người sửa xe)

20. SOMEONE SAY

PEOPLE/THEY + KNOW/ THINK…… + (THAT) + S2 + V2

↔ IT + BE + V3/ED + THAT........ = S2 + BE + V3/ED + TO_Vo/ TO HAVE + V3/ED

They say that he speaks English well.

↔ It is said that he speaks English well.

↔ He is said to speak English well.

People rumoured that he (had) died in the battle.

↔ It was rumoured that he (had) died in battle.

↔ He was rumoured to have died in battle.

21. NOT SO/AS + ADJ/ ADV + AS ... ↔ ADJ/ADV + ER / MORE + ADJ/ADV+ THAN

I can’t cook as well as my mother does. ↔ My mother cooks better than I do/I can/me

(Tôi không nấu ăn giỏi như mẹ tôi). (Mẹ tôi nấu ăn giỏi hơn tôi)

I don’t know so much about it as she does. ↔ She knows a lot more about it than I do.


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22. ADJ/ADV + ER / MORE + ADJ/ADV + THAN

↔ THE + ADJ/ADV + EST/THE+ MOST + ADJ/ADV

This novel is more interesting than any other novel that I have ever read.

(Quyển tiểu thuyết này hay hơn bất cứ cuốn tiểu thuyết nào mà tôi đã từng đọc)

↔ This is the most interesting novel I have ever read.

(Đây là quyển tiểu thuyết hay nhất tôi đã từng đọc)

Have you got a cheaper carpet than this? ↔ Is this the cheapest carpet you’ve got?

23. Clause 1 , Clause 2

↔ THE + ADJ/ADV + ER / MORE + ADJ/ADV + S + V, THE + ADJ/ADV + ER / MORE +

ADJ/ADV + S + V

(So sánh kép 2 mệnh đề: càng…… càng…..)

I feel miserable when it is hot. ↔ The hotter it is , the more miserable I feel .

24. NO SOONER+ HAD + S + V3 +THAN + S + V2

↔ ... HARDLY/ONLY JUST/SCARELY...WHEN.... (ngay khi … thì……)

He had hardly left the office when the phone rang.

↔ No sooner had he left the office than the phone rang.

I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.

↔ Hardly had I put the phone down when the boss rang back.

25. V + NOT...+ V + NOT.....(EITHER) ↔ NEITHER....NOR... (...Không....cũng không...)

My sister is not very in telligent. I am not very intelligent.

(Chị tôi không thông minh lắm. Tôi không thông minh lắm)

↔ Neither my sister nor I am very intelligent./ Neither I nor my sister is very intelligent.

(Cả chị tôi và tôi đều không thông minh lắm)

The moon doesn’t have an atmosphere; the planet Mars doesn’t either.

↔ Neither the moon nor the planet Mars has an atmosphere.

He didn’t know where John was and I didn’t either.

↔ Neither he nor I knew where John was. ↔ Neither of us knew where John was.


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26.“WHY DON’T YOU + Vo...?”

↔ S + SUGGESTED THAT+S+(SHOULD) Vo (Gợi ý ai làm gì?)

“Why don’t you put a better lock on the door, John?” Jane said.

↔ Jane suggested that John (should) put a better lock on the door.

27. S + V2/ed ↔ V_ing...

(Rút gọn thành cụm hiện tại phân từ khi 2 câu có cùng chủ từ, 2 hành động cùng xảy ra)

The mother smiled happily. She took the baby in her arms.

↔ Smiling happily, the mother took the baby in her arms.

28. DIDN’T + Vo ↔ NOT + V_ing...

Because he didn’t know the language, he found it hard to get work.

↔ Not knowing the language, he found it hard to get work.

29. HAD + V3/ed ↔ HAVING + V3/ed

(Rút gọn thành cụm hiện tại hoàn thành phân từ khi 2 câu có cùng chủ từ, nhấn mạnh hành

động xảy ra trước hành động kia trong quá khứ)

Mr. Brown had failed twice, so he didn’t want to try again.

↔ Having failed twice, Mr. Brown didn’t want to try again.

30. V3/ed (Rút gọn dùng quá khứ phân từ cho mệnh đề bị động khi 2 câu có cùng chủ từ)

He lived alone. He had been forgotten by everybody.

He lived alone, forgotten by everybody.

He was waken by a strange noise. He couldn’t sleep any more.

Waken by a strange noise, he couldn’t sleep any more.

31. ...CAN /COULDN’T+ NOT + INF... ↔ S + PREVENT(ED) + O + FROM + V+ing...

We couldn’t drive because of the fog.

↔ The fog prevented us from driving.

32. ADJECTIVES ↔ VERBS

It isn’t necessary for you to finish by Saturday.

↔ You needn’t finish/ don’t need to fiish by Saturday. (Bạn không cần hoàn thành trước thứ 7)


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It is impossible for roses to be grown in such poor ground.

↔ Roses can’t posibly grow in such poor ground. (Không thể trồng hoa ở đất cằn cỗi này)

33. VERBS ↔ NOUNS

He decided to leave home. ↔ He made a decision to leave home.

(Anh ấy quyết định đi khỏi nhà)

I didn’t intend to stay here. ↔ I had no intention of staying here.

(Tôi không định ở đây)

The patient recovered more rapidly than expected.

↔ The patient made a more rapid recovery than expected.

(Bệnh nhân phục hồi nhanh chóng hơn mong đợi)

The two girls exchanged English lessons.

↔ There was an exchange of English lessons between two girls.

34. CLAUSE ↔ Ving_PHRASE

(Mệnh đề --> cụm danh động từ)

She laughed but she did not reply. ↔ She laughed without replying.

(Cô ấy cười nhưng không đáp lại). (Cô ấy cười mà không đáp lại)

She didn’t say a word as she left the room. ↔ She left the room without saying a word.

(Cô ấy không nói lời nào khi rời khỏi phòng). (Cô ấy rời khỏi phòng mà không nói câu nào)

35. SIMPLE SENTENCES ↔ COMPLEX SENTENCES.

(Câu đơn --> Câu phức)

The owners of newspapers are usually very rich.

↔ The people who owns newspapers are usually very rich.

Alice eats very little so as not to put on weight.

↔ Alice eats very little because she wants to lose weight.

After four years abroad, Mr. Brown returned home as an excellent engineer.

↔ After Mr. Brown had studied/ lived 4 years abroad, he returned home as an excellent engineer.

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36. CLAUSES AND PHRASES OF PURPOSE: (để chỉ mục đích)

Clause: S - V + so that / in order that + S + can / will(not) + V o (present)

Ex:They save money so that they can build a big house.

2. Clause: S - V + so that / in order that + S would/ could + V o (past)

Ex:They saved money in order that they could build a big house .

3. Phrase: : S - V + to/ so as to/ in order to + Vo

S - V + in order for+ some one +to + Vo

Ex:We study hard to pass the exam.

: S - V + so as not to/ in order not to + not to +Vo

Ex:We got up early so as not to be late for school

37. Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ

1. Active

------- noun + who / which / that + V ( chủ động ) … => noun + V-ing …..

Ex : The man who is smoking over there is my brother .

The man smoking over there is my brother.

2. Passive

------- noun + who / which / that + be + V 3/ed … => noun + V3/-ed ….

Ex: The letter which was sent to our customers yesterday was full of mistakes .

The letter sent to our customers yesterday was full of mistakes

3. To -Vo

The only/first/second/last + Noun + who / which / that + V ( chủ động) OR is/am/was…+ V 3/ed (bị động)

=>The only, first, second, last + Noun + to-Vo ….. ( chủ động) / to + be + V3/ed ….(bị động)

Ex: He was the first man that passed the exam.

-> He was the first man to pass the exam.

Ex: She is the last woman who is interviewed by Mr.Brown.

-> She is the last woman to be interviewed by Mr.Brown.

38. S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving /N

> Nana often cried when she meets difficulties.

↔Nana is used to crying when she meets difficulties


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39. S + V2/ED ↔ S + USED TO + Vo

I usually went swimming when I was young.

↔I used to go swimming when I was young

SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 2016

1. Mr. Minh often spends fifteen minutes leading the buffalo to the field.

It often takes ____________________________________________________________

2. Quan always walk to school.

Quan always goes ________________________________________________________

3. I found it a bit difficult to get into work this morning.

Getting _________________________________________________________________

4. Their game of badminton is always on Tuesday.

They __________________________________________________________________

5. I started to play the piano when I was six.

I have __________________________________________________________________

6. I’m in England for the first time in my life.

This ___________________________________________________________________

7. The children are too young to see horror films.

The children aren’t _______________________________________________________

8. The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough.

The sea was too __________________________________________________________

9. My father said I could use his car.

My father allowed ________________________________________________________

10. Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat ?

He suggested ____________________________________________________________

11. I’ll finish the work tonight if you like.

Would you like __________________________________________________________

12. The teacher didn’t allow the class to leave before 4:30.

The teacher made ________________________________________________________


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13. We haven’t seen him for over twenty years.

It’s ____________________________________________________________________

14. We couldn’t drive because of the fog.

The fog ________________________________________________________________

15. It is the most interesting novel I’ve ever read.

I have __________________________________________________________________

16. Although she lived in difficult countries, she worked very hard.

In spite of ______________________________________________________________

17. We haven’t met since 1981.

It was in 1981 that ________________________________________________________

18. I came to London ten years ago.

I have __________________________________________________________________

19. They haven’t seen their uncle for ten years.

It’s ____________________________________________________________________

20. Steve started learning the violin a month ago.

Steve __________________________________________________________________

21. I haven’t been to a Chinese restaurant for ages.

It’s age _________________________________________________________________

22. The last time Nancy came here was in 1986.

Nancy hasn’t ____________________________________________________________

23. It’s a long time since our last conversation.

We ____________________________________________________________________

24. “I think you should go by train.” He told us.

He advised ______________________________________________________________

25. Julia cleaned the house. Then she went shopping.

After __________________________________________________________________

26. Jim was travelling in Paris. He met his old friends there.

While __________________________________________________________________

27. First Jane checked all the prices. Then she bought a new car.

Jane bought _____________________________________________________________


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28. Jack went to Vietnam in 2002. He returned home in 2005.

Jack ___________________________________________________________________

29. They finished work and then left the office.

They __________________________________________________________________

30. We started learning English about 5 years ago.

We’ve _________________________________________________________________

31. How much do you pay for this computer ?

How much does __________________________________________________________

32. The last time Joe heard from his family was in June.

Joe hasn’t ______________________________________________________________

33. How long have you been living in this new house ?

When __________________________________________________________________

34. This is my third visit to Hồ Chí Minh City.

I have __________________________________________________________________

35. Jack wants to drive to work, but he doesn’t have a car.

If Jack _________________________________________________________________

36. We were late because of the heavy traffic.

If it ____________________________________________________________________

37. Why don’t you ask your teacher for advice ?

If I were ________________________________________________________________

38. I’ll never see you again if you don’t tell the truth.

Unless _________________________________________________________________

39. This is James. He helped me solve that problem.

James is ________________________________________________________________

40. The tea is so hot that I can’t drink it.

The tea is _______________________________________________________________

41. Mexico City is more densely populated than Tokyo.

Tokyo is not ____________________________________________________________

42. Sydney is larger than any other city in Australia.

Sydney is _______________________________________________________________


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43. China has the largest population in the world.

There are _______________________________________________________________

44. The book really interests me.

I ______________________________________________________________________

45. They didn’t go fishing because it was too cold.

If _____________________________________________________________________

46. When did you start learning English ?

How long _______________________________________________________________

47. I’m sorry I was so rude to you yesterday.

I apologize ______________________________________________________________

48. People say she is an honest and reliable person.

It is ___________________________________________________________________

49. It took me two hours to do my homework.

I ______________________________________________________________________

50. He left school and then joined the army.

After he ________________________________________________________________

51. What is your date of birth ?

When __________________________________________________________________

52. When Minh was small, he usually slept with his brother.

Minh used ______________________________________________________________

53. It’s three years since I started using this bicycle.

I have __________________________________________________________________

54. No one has ever answered the questions.

These questions __________________________________________________________

55. Julia is talking with a dump man.

The man who ____________________________________________________________

56. I’ve arranged to meet Mr.Trung tomorrow evening.

I’m ____________________________________________________________________

57. He was in the habit of getting up very late.

He used ________________________________________________________________


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58. He is talking to the girl with long hair.

The girl whom ___________________________________________________________

59. “You’d better go to see the doctor immediately.”

She advised _____________________________________________________________

60. They want to buy a bigger house but they don’t have enough money.

If they _________________________________________________________________

61. She is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.

She wouldn’t ____________________________________________________________

62. The fire destroyed the forest completely.

The forest ______________________________________________________________

63. I didn’t go to school on time this morning because the bus was late.

If the bus _______________________________________________________________

64. You can’t visit the USA unless you get a visa.

If _____________________________________________________________________

65. “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet ?” asked Peter.

Peter asked if ____________________________________________________________

66. She started working as a secretary five years ago.

She has ________________________________________________________________

67. My French friend finds driving on the left difficult.

My French friend ________________________________________________________


If we __________________________________________________________________

69. The children couldn’t go swimming because of the rough sea.

The sea was too __________________________________________________________

70. I’m always nervous when I travel by car.

Travelling ______________________________________________________________

71. Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job.

In spite of ______________________________________________________________

72. They haven’t cleaned the streets this week.

The streets ______________________________________________________________


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73. Apples are usually cheaper than oranges.

Apples are not ___________________________________________________________

74. I advised you to put your money in the bank.

You’d _________________________________________________________________

75. The restaurant is so dirty that no one wants to eat there.

It was such ______________________________________________________________

76. John only understood very little of what the teacher said.

John could hardly ________________________________________________________

77. I haven’t been to Bristol for 3 years.

The last time ____________________________________________________________

78. Jim will be eighteen next week.

It’s Jim’s _______________________________________________________________

79. How long is it since they bought the house ?

When __________________________________________________________________

80. He couldn’t repair the broken vase.

The ___________________________________________________________________

81. I’ve never met such a famous person before.

It’s ____________________________________________________________________

82. It was so late that nothing could be done.

It was too _______________________________________________________________

83. The garage is going to repair the car for us next week.

We ____________________________________________________________________

84. The bus takes longer than the train.

The train _______________________________________________________________

85. The train couldn’t run because of the snow.

The snow _______________________________________________________________

86. I haven’t seen that man here before.

It’s ____________________________________________________________________

87. The furniture was so expensive that I didn’t buy it.

The furniture ____________________________________________________________


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88. He learned to drive when he was eighteen.

He has _________________________________________________________________

89. Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of the car.

In spite of ______________________________________________________________

90. The cake was so hard that I couldn’t eat it.

It was __________________________________________________________________

91. The water was so cold that the children could not swim in it.

The water was not ________________________________________________________

92. Somebody repaired her car yesterday.

She ____________________________________________________________________

93. They will catch all the prisoners again by tonight.

All the prisoners _________________________________________________________

94. I started to work for the company a year ago.

I have __________________________________________________________________

95. Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.

If Susan ________________________________________________________________

96. Although he didn’t speak Dutch, Bob decided to settle in Amsterdam.

In spite of ______________________________________________________________

97. How long have Catherine and Henry been engaged ?

When __________________________________________________________________

98. In spite of his age, Mr. Benson runs 7 miles before breakfast.

Although _______________________________________________________________

99. The bread is so stale that we can’t eat it.

The bread isn’t __________________________________________________________

100. The zoo keeper feed lions at 3 p.m every day.

The lions _______________________________________________________________

161. We got lost because we didn’t have a map.

If _____________________________________________________________________

162. The bridge was so low that the bus couldn’t go under it.

It was __________________________________________________________________


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163. I last saw him when I was a student.

I haven’t _______________________________________________________________

164. It’s a six–hour drive from London to Edinburgh.

It takes _________________________________________________________________

165. It’s ages since Alan visited his parents.

Alan ___________________________________________________________________

166. Mr. Will lost his job because he was late every day.

If _____________________________________________________________________

167. The police made the youth empty his pocket.

The youth ______________________________________________________________

168. Lawrence hasn’t seen his sister since she left for Japan.

Lawrence last ___________________________________________________________

169. John is fat because he eats so many chips.

If _____________________________________________________________________

170. If Joe doesn’t change his way, he will end up in prison.

Unless _________________________________________________________________

171. Having a vacation abroad is interesting.

It’s ____________________________________________________________________

172. The water was so cold that the children could not take a swim.

The water wasn’t _________________________________________________________

173. It’s two months since I last spoke to her.

I haven’t _______________________________________________________________

174. “Turn down the radio, Nam.” , his father said.

Nam’s father ____________________________________________________________

175. Lan will be seventeen next week.

It’s ____________________________________________________________________

176. How long is it since you bought the car ?

When __________________________________________________________________

177. Nam began to collect stamps in 2000.

Nam has _______________________________________________________________


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178. We have lived here for 15 years.

We started ______________________________________________________________

179. English and French are spoken in Canada.

People _________________________________________________________________

180. They are going to invite Nam to dinner.

Nam ___________________________________________________________________

181. I can’t cook as well as my mother does.

My mother ______________________________________________________________

186. He wrote the letter in two hours.

It _____________________________________________________________________

187. It was such hot tea that I couldn’t drink it.

The tea _________________________________________________________________

188. Because she behaves well, everybody loves her.

Because of ______________________________________________________________

189. Unless you water the flowers everyday, they will die.

If _____________________________________________________________________

190. I have studied English for 3 years.

I began _________________________________________________________________

191. She didn’t take your advice, so she failed in the exam.

If _____________________________________________________________________

192. We spend our childhood in that beautiful mountain resort and we always remember.

We always remember _____________________________________________________

193. The cake was so bad that I couldn’t eat it.

It’s ____________________________________________________________________

194. Without a passport, she couldn’t have left the country.

If _____________________________________________________________________

195. The weather was so bad that we couldn’t go sailing.

The weather wasn’t _______________________________________________________

196. The plane took off before we arrived at the airport.

By the time _____________________________________________________________


19

197. I don’t live in a big city, so I can’t go to the cinema very often.

If _____________________________________________________________________

198. She never seems to succeed even though she works hard.

In spite of ______________________________________________________________

199. Jeanie is the tallest girl in her class.

No one _________________________________________________________________

200. You didn’t plan things at the start, so we are in this mess now.

If _____________________________________________________________________

201. My father bought a car with a sun roof.

The car ________________________________________________________________

202. It’s said that English people are quiet and severed.

English people ___________________________________________________________

203. Fiona had to get on the plane though she was afraid of flying.

Despite ________________________________________________________________

204. Foxes can use their noses to find their dinners because they have a keen sense of smell.

Because of ______________________________________________________________

205. He was very old, but he walked ten miles everyday.

Despite ________________________________________________________________

206. Jenny ran fast but she didn’t win the race.

Despite ________________________________________________________________

207. He is too young to appreciate such a film.

He’s not ________________________________________________________________

225. If you run a lot, you will get fitter.

The more _______________________________________________________________

226. That’s the best meal I’ve ever eaten

I’ve ___________________________________________________________________

227. “I’m sorry I gave you the wrong number” said Paula to Susan.

Paula apologised _________________________________________________________

228. I didn’t know you were coming, so I didn’t wait for you.

If _____________________________________________________________________


20

229. People say that prevention is better than cure.

Prevention ______________________________________________________________

230. She likes learning Chemistry best.

Chemistry ______________________________________________________________

231. Nobody has invited her to the party.

She ____________________________________________________________________

232. Getting to know a person is always time–consuming.

It takes _________________________________________________________________

233. To find a house in this country is difficult.

It’s ____________________________________________________________________

234. Tom and Jane have been married for 5 years.

It’s ____________________________________________________________________

235. This room is too small for 5 people to live in.

This room ______________________________________________________________

236. They made me study hard when I was at school.

I ______________________________________________________________________

237. “Please don’t leave me on my own.”

Martin begged us _________________________________________________________

238. Parking is not permitted here

You aren’t ______________________________________________________________

261. I haven’t seen my cousin for 2 years.

It’s 2 years since _________________________________________________________

262. I haven’t seen that film before.

It’s ____________________________________________________________________

263. Despite her dislike for coffee, she drank it to keep herself warm.

Although _______________________________________________________________

264. Mary booked at before we got to her house.

By the time we __________________________________________________________

265. It started to rain at 2 o’clock and it is still raining.

It _____________________________________________________________________


21

266. They made her hand over her passport.

She ____________________________________________________________________

267. I tried to eat that cake but it was too sweet.

It was __________________________________________________________________

268. My brother and I went to that school.

I went to _______________________________________________________________

269. I often get up early in the morning.

I ______________________________________________________________________

270. Getting a good job doesn’t interest him.

He ____________________________________________________________________

271. The garden is too small to play football in.

The garden _____________________________________________________________

272. Be he rich or poor, she will marry him.

She will ________________________________________________________________

273. We haven’t been to the movies for a year.

It’s ____________________________________________________________________

274. John used to smoke.

John didn’t _____________________________________________________________

275. Lock the door carefully before going to bed.

The door _______________________________________________________________

283. People used to think that he was selfish.

He ____________________________________________________________________

287. The day was so cold that we stayed indoor.

It _____________________________________________________________________

288. I’ve never read a more romantic story before.

It’s ____________________________________________________________________

289. She likes to travel around the world but she doesn’t have a lot of money.

She wishes ______________________________________________________________

290. I haven’t met her for 3 months.

I ______________________________________________________________________


22

291. She usually wore uniform when she was a student.

She ____________________________________________________________________

292. There are many beautiful places in Ho Chi Minh City.

Ho Chi Minh City ________________________________________________________

293. I don’t have time to help you do this work.

I wish I ________________________________________________________________

294. The film is more interesting than the one I last saw.

The film I last saw was ____________________________________________________

295. Lan used to walk pass the mosque in the past.

Lan ___________________________________________________________________

296. We spent a whole day looking for these old pictures.

It took _________________________________________________________________

297. Learning a foreign language is interesting.

It _____________________________________________________________________

298. Although Tom took a taxi, he was still late for the party.

In spite of ______________________________________________________________

299. They will build a new market near my house.

A new market ___________________________________________________________

300. I haven’t visited my parents for three months.

I ______________________________________________________________________

301. It’s very convenient to wear jeans at work.

Wearing jeans ___________________________________________________________

302. I haven’t seen her at this club before.

This is _________________________________________________________________

303. How much is this book ?

What does ______________________________________________________________

304. People built this cathedral nearly 200 years ago.

This cathedral ___________________________________________________________

305. Take my advice and don’t drink so much whisky.

If I ____________________________________________________________________


23

306. I last went there when I was a child.

I have __________________________________________________________________

307. Hurry or you will late for the train.

If you __________________________________________________________________

308. “Did you go out with your brother last night ?” said John to me.

John asked me ___________________________________________________________

309. She last wrote to me 3 months ago.

She hasn’t ______________________________________________________________

310. It is very useful to speak English fluently.

Speaking English ________________________________________________________

311. “I’ll complete the work only if you pay me 10$ extra” said Tom.

“Unless ________________________________________________________________

312. The architect has drawn plans for an extension to the house.

Plans __________________________________________________________________


If _____________________________________________________________________

314. Unless he phones immediately, he won’t get any information.

If _____________________________________________________________________

315. The child will die if nobody sends for a doctor.

Unless _________________________________________________________________

316. The weather was so cold that children could not swim in it.

The weather was not ______________________________________________________

317. “You’d better not lend him anymore money, Elizabeth” said John.

John advised Elizabeth ____________________________________________________

318. I started to work for the company a year ago.

I ______________________________________________________________________

319. Because of the rough sea, the ferry couldn’t sail.

The rough sea ___________________________________________________________

320. This furniture is so old that it’s not worth keeping.

It is ___________________________________________________________________


24

321. “Where is the station car park ?” Mrs. Smith asked.

Mrs. Smith asked ________________________________________________________

322. Miss Taylor doesn’t like living in such a small house.

Miss Taylor wishes _______________________________________________________

344. He didn’t hurry, so he missed the train.

If _____________________________________________________________________

345. The fire has destroyed many houses.

Many houses ___________________________________________________________

346. I have studied English for 3 years.

I began _________________________________________________________________

347. They are building a new school in that village.

A new school ____________________________________________________________

348. Unless you water those flowers regularly, they will wither.

If you __________________________________________________________________

349. The driver said : “Don’t get off the bus while it’s moving !”.

The driver asked the passengers _____________________________________________

350. The robbers made the bank manager hand over the money.

The bank manager ________________________________________________________

351. “Why don’t you put a better lock on the door, Barny ?” said John.

John suggested __________________________________________________________

352. I haven’t eaten this kind of food before.

This is the ______________________________________________________________

353. “Can I borrow your bicycle ?” asked Peter.

Peter asked if __________________________________________________________

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