RIRiparian

Streamside ecosystems on floodplains and benches alongcreeks and rivers (bench, RI:fp), ecosystems in gullies withintermittent or permanent creeks (gully, RI:gu); fringeecosystems associated with pond and lake shorelines or siteswith significant seepage (fringe, RI:ff) and the river bed of largesystems (river, RI:ri)

BW Ecosystems dominated by deciduous species including aspencopses (BW:ac) in grassland areas, and aspen seepage(BW:as) slopes; excludes old forests

Broadleaf Woodland

NANot Sensitive

WNWetlands

Non-forested ecosystems where the water table is at or nearthe surface; includes marshes (WN:ms), swamps (WN:sp), andshallow open water (WN:sw) ecosystems including ponds

SVSparsely Vegetated

Shrubby rock outcrops (shrub; SV:sh), grassy or unvegetatedrock outcrops (SV:ro), talus (SV:ta) slopes, and cliffs (SV:cl)

OFOld Forest

Forest ecosystem dominated by large, old trees; excludes oldriparian forests (OF:co)

GRGrasslands

Ecosystems dominated by bunchgrasses (grassland; GR:gr)and shrubland (GR:sh) ecosystems that occur in a grasslandmatrix

WDConifer Woodlands

Open stands of Douglas-fir or Ponderosa pine, often on shallowsoils; excludes old forests

No Data/Outside Study Area

S Dot Density Base Dot Size (4 pt)

Sensitive Ecosystem Classifications

MFMature Forest

Forests dominated by mature trees; includes broadleaf (MF:bd)forests, coniferous (MF:co) forests, and mixed (MF:mx)deciduous and coniferous forests; excludes mature riparianforests and mature coniferous and broadleaf woodlands

DGDisturbed Grasslands

Grasslands with some noxious or invasive weeds

Other Important Ecosystem Classifications

Data Sources for 82L013

Aerial Photographs

Roll

C94049C94052C94054C94089C94099

F#

59 - 64113 - 11851 - 5392 - 9479 - 84

Date

July 11, 1994July 10, 1994July 15, 1994July 21, 1994July 26, 1994

Scale

1500015000150001500015000

Field Visits

Field visits were made during the summers of 2000 and 2001.

Local Gov't Jurisdictional Boundary

Hard Surface - Primary Route

Hard Surface - Secondary Route

Loose Surface - Major

Loose Surface - Minor

Streams

Provincial & Regional Park Boundary

Lake/Reservoir

Marsh/Swamp

Highway Route

Depression Contour

Index Contour

Intermediate Contour

Depression Index Contour

Area of Exclusion

SEI Study Area Polygon Outlines

$ Mountain Peak

# Spot Height

Non-SEI Features

Sensitive Ecosystems of theRegional District of Central Okanagan

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Shorts-Chapperon Provincial Park

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Sensitive Ecosystem InventoryRegional District ofCentral Okanagan

82L.013Map Sheet Approximate:

500 0 500 1000 1500

Meters

Scale 1 : 20,000

Contour Interval: 20 metersProjection: UTM; Datum: NAD83; Spheroid: GRS80

Sensitive Ecosystems are ecosystems that are ecologically sensitiveand or rare in the landscape. These areas also have significantbiodiversity values and provide many habitat features required bythreatened and endangered plant and animal species.

Rationale

The central Okanagan basin of British Columbia is an area of greatecological significance within both the province of B.C. and Canadaas a whole. It is an area with high biodiversity values, and many rareand endangered ecosystems, plant and animal species. The warmdry climate of this valley has long attracted humans to live here.The Okanagan Valley is also the area with the highest populationdensities in the interior of British Columbia and has a rapidly growingpopulation. This area has been subject to extensive agriculturalconversion, significant changes to ecosystem structure and functionthrough fire exclusion, and intense urban and rural developmentpressure. These pressures have resulted in the loss, fragmentation,and degradation of many of these natural areas. This SensitiveEcosystems Inventory (SEI) was initiated by the Regional Districtof the Central Okanagan to provide an inventory of the remainingrare and fragile ecosystems and habitats for many wildlife species tosupport sustainable landscape level land-use decisions and toencourage private land stewardship.

Ecological Significance

These sensitive terrestrial ecosystems are ecologically significantbecause of their rarity and fragility and as a result of the greatdiversity of species they support, including habitat for many rare andendangered species.

Moist and wet ecosystems are key ecosystems in a climate thatprimarily supported dry, open forests and grasslands historically.They support a rich diversity of species and have important hydrologicfunctions including filtering out pollutants, safely storing and releasingwater (especially during peak flows), preventing stream bank erosionand maintaining water quality and water temperatures.

Wetland ecosystems are extremely important because of their naturalrarity in this area with few collecting sites and because many of themhave been lost to development. Wetlands include marshes, swamps,and small water bodies. They support a wide diversity of organismsincluding food, shelter, and breeding sites for ducks, songbirds, fish,amphibian, and invertebrate species.

Wetland Ecosystems

Riparian ecosystems include benches along streams and rivers,gullies with intermittent or permanent creeks, and fringes of lakesand ponds and sites with significant seepage. These sites frequentlyform natural corridors through the landscape, connecting otherecosystems and providing passageways for animals. Damming,diversions, channelization, draining, and pollution have seriouslyaffected many riparian ecosystems.

Riparian Ecosystems

Old forest ecosystems are ecosystems that are dominated by large,old trees. Most of these forests have been lost to selection loggingof larger trees, ingrowth of dense trees resulting from fire exclusion,and development. Only small remnants of these forests remain today.Old forests and the old trees in them provide important habitat formany species including many woodpeckers, owls, and mule deer.

Old Forest Ecosystems

Grassland ecosystems are dominated by bunchgrasses but also havea wide diversity of forbs. Large areas of grasslands have been lost toagricultural and urban development and noxious weed invasion.Most of the remaining grasslands have been converted to disturbedgrasslands (see Other Important Ecosystems) through partial invasionby noxious weeds.

Grassland Ecosystems

Broadleaf woodland ecosystems are dominated by trembling aspentrees and include broad, moist basins in grassland areas. They aretypically very shrubby and provide important habitat for many birds,reptiles and mammals. These ecosystems are quite rare and theirmoist nature makes their soils sensitive to disturbance.

Broadleaf Woodland Ecosystems

Coniferous woodland ecosystems are like forests, but have very opencanopies or only scattered ponderosa pine or Douglas-fir trees. Theymost commonly occur on very dry sites where soils are shallow or veryshallow. Many sites have been lost to development and many areashave been altered by ingrowth of trees associated with fire exclusion,weed invasion, and other human disturbances.

Coniferous Woodland Ecosystems

Sparsely vegetated ecosystems occur on sites where exposed bedrockor rocks limit the places where vegetation can grow. They include cliffs,rock outcrops and talus slopes with sparse shrub or grass/herb cover.Many of these ecosystems are rare and their coarse or shallow soilsmake them sensitive to disturbance. They provide important habitat forbats, snakes, and raptor nests.

Sparsely Vegetated Ecosystems

Other important ecosystems are not sensitive ecosystems but havemany important values associated with them. They include matureforest and disturbed grassland ecosystems.

Other Important Ecosystems

Mature forest ecosystems provide important buffer sites, provide someof the values associated with old forest ecosystems and are recruitmentsites for old forests.

Mature Forest Ecosystems

Similarly, disturbed grassland ecosystems still provide many of theimportant habitat values associated with grasslands, but they havesome weeds (10 to 50% noxious weeds) or have lost many climaxgrassland species. Given the very limited extent of remaininggrasslands, these are important sites for grassland restoration andmaintenance of many grassland values including habitat for many rareand endangered species.

Disturbed Grassland EcosystemsData Limitations

The map is intended to be used as a flagging tool to accompanyplanning processes and management of land resources in the studyarea. For site-specific evaluations, more detailed field assessmentsare needed. The accuracy of the boundaries of the mapping is limitedby the scale of the aerial photographs used (1:15,000).

Enlargement of the data beyond the source scale may result inunacceptable distortion and faulty registration with other datasets.Rapid changes are ongoing within the study area making it importantto refer to the dates of information sources.

Credits

Participating Agencies:

Regional District of the Central Okanagan, Ministry of Sustainable ResourceManagement (MSRM), Conservation Data Centre (MSRM), Canadian WildlifeService (Environment Canada) and the Habitat Conservation Trust Fund.

Base Terrestrial Ecosystem Mapping:

Iverson, K. and C. Erwin. 2001 and 2002. Ecosystem Mapping of Portionsof the PPxh1 and IDFxh1 in the Central Okanagan. Prepared for the RegionalDistrict of the Central Okanagan and the Ministry of Sustainable ResourceManagement.

Sensitive Ecosystem Themes:Conversion tables were developed by Kristi Iverson (Iverson & MacKenzieBiological Consulting Ltd.) and Carmen Cadrin (MSRM).

Base Mapping Data:

Selected digital layers are from the Terrain Resources Information Management(TRIM) Program, Geographic Data BC, Ministry of Sustainable ResourceManagement.

Digitizing:

Bon Lee (Baseline Geomatics Inc., Victoria, B.C.)

Cartography:

Iain Lawrence (Regional District of the Central Okanagan, Kelowna, B.C.)

Funding:

Regional District of the Central Okanagan, Ministry of Sustainable ResourceManagement, the Habitat Conservation Trust Fund, and Environment Canada.

For further information please contact:

The Regional District of Central Okanagan (250) 868-5227

Methodology

The entire study area was systematically ecosystem mapped followingprovincial Resources Inventory Committee standards. Bioterrain andecosystem polygons were delineated on 1:15,000 scale colour stereoaerial photographs from Geographic Data BC taken in 1994 and 1996.Field sampling (survey intensity level 4; 15-25% of polygons are fieldinspected) was used and a total of 19% of polygons were inspectedin the field during the summers of 2000 and 2001. Three differenttypes of plots were used, each with different levels of detail: 42 fullplots, 192 ground inspections, and 505 visual inspections werecompleted. Following fieldwork, bioterrain labels were updated andecosystem labels were generated for each polygon using aerialphotography interpretation and field data. Up to three ecosystemswere mapped in each polygon and were assigned proportions of thepolygon that they occupy (to the nearest 10%). Linework on photo-graphs was digitized using the monorestitution method, databaseswere compiled, reviewed, and verified, and digital (ArcInfo) andhardcopy maps were produced.All ecosystems mapped wereevaluated for rarity and sensitivity and an algorithm was developed toconvert ecosystem labels to Sensitive Ecosystem and Other ImportantEcosystem labels (and to eliminate those ecosystems not consideredsensitive). Each Sensitive Ecosystem and Other Important Ecosystemhas been assigned a colour and random dots of those colours havebeen applied to polygons proportional to their presence in the polygon.The location of these dots does not reflect the specific location ofthat Sensitive Ecosystem within the polygon.

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