seminar on scholarly communication and the uc community
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Seminar on Scholarly Communication and the UC Community. University of California Office of Systemwide Library Planning Fall 2003. Crisis in Scholarly Communications: Journals. Source: Bear Stearns European Equity Research report on Reed Elsevier. September 29, 2003. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Seminar on Scholarly Communication and the UC Community
University of California
Office of Systemwide Library Planning
Fall 2003
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Crisis in Scholarly Communications: Journals
Source: Bear Stearns European Equity Research report on Reed Elsevier. September 29, 2003
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Crisis in Scholarly Communications: Journals
Source: Graphic accompanied Weiss, Rick. A Fight for Free Access To Medical Research: Online Plan Challenges Publishers' Dominance. Washington Post. Tuesday, August 5, 2003; Page A01
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Crisis in Scholarly Communications: Journals
Average CostPer Title
Average CostPer TitleLC Subject
Classification 1999 2003
Percentage ofIncrease
1999-2003Anthropology 259.21 353.44 36.35
Chemistry 1,682.94 2,403.06 42.79
Education 207.79 305.73 47.13
Engineering 981.19 1,359.52 38.56
Philosophy &Religion
123.27 169.89 37.82
PoliticalScience
208.07 315.00 51.39
Source: Van Orsdel & Born, Library Journal, April 15, 2003
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Stress and Unsustainability: commercial publishers’ contributions
PRICE per PAGE PRICE per CITATIONField For-profit non-profit For-profit Non-profitEcology $1.19 $0.19 $0.73 $0.05Economics $0.81 $0.16 $2.33 $0.15Atmos. Sci. $0.95 $0.15 $0.88 $0.07Mathematics $0.70 $0.27 $1.32 $0.28Neuroscience $0.89 $0.10 $0.23 $0.04Physics $0.63 $0.19 $0.38 $0.05
Note: 66% of the STM journal market is occupied by commercial companies
STM Journal Prices Commercial vs. Non-commercial
Source: Carl T. Bergstrom and Ted C. Bergstrom. The economics of scholarly journal publishing. September 2002 at http://octavia.zoology.washington.edu/publishing/intro.html
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Crisis in Scholarly Communications: Reed Elsevier Case Study
25% 32%50%
75% 68%50%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Use (n= 10.2 milliondow nloads)
Titles (n=4736 titles)
Cost
All Others
Elsevier
Elsevier journals cost vs. use at UC 2002-03
Source: UC Systemwide Library Planning, September 2003
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Crisis in Scholarly Communications: Reed Elsevier Case Study
Elsevier average title price as percentage of industry-wide average title price*
Agriculture 1,428%
Chemistry & Physics 194%
Engineering 435%
Mathematics, Botany, Geology, General Science 287%
Medicine 209%
Psychology 254%
All subjects 642%
Elsevier is the dominant commercial publisher of STM journals. It has 23% of the market share and over a $1 billion in annual revenues. The next player is the American Chemical Society with 8% market share and $360 million in annual revenues* For 2002; calculated within disciplines; overall average based on 2003 Bowker Annual table entitled "U.S. Periodicals: Average Prices and Price Indexes"; Elsevier averages from list prices.
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Crisis in Scholarly Communications: Monographs
Source: Bear Stearns European Equity Research report on Reed Elsevier. September 29, 2003
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Crisis in Scholarly Communications: Monographs
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1988-89 1992-93 1996-97 2000-01
Book Titles Published Worldwide
Growth in Worldwide Book Publishing. 1988-2002
Volumes
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Crisis in Scholarly Communications: Societies
Sample of Society Titles Now Published by Blackwell
Disciplines Avg. price increase N (titles)
‘03-’04
Humanities & Soc. Sci. 15.7% 30
STM 19.4 30
All 17.6 60
Source: UC Systemwide Library Planning, September 2003
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Crisis in Scholarly Communications: Society Case Study - AAAS’s Science
UC Systemwide Subscription for Science
$31,050 $34,590 $34,590
$61,000
$93,000
$0$20,000$40,000$60,000$80,000
$100,000
2000
2001
2002
2003
(un
der
nego
tiatio
n)
2004
(un
der
nego
tiatio
n)
Year
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Alternative Forms of Scholarly Communication1. Personal and Departmental web pages
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Alternative Forms of Scholarly Communication2. Discipline based repositories (e.g. arXiv - a Physics/Comp.Sci./Math working paper repository)
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Alternative Forms of Scholarly Communication
3. Institutional repositories
UC’s eScholarship Repository (as at October 2003)
# of departments, ORU’s, MRU’s participating: 119# of papers deposited to date: 2291# of papers downloaded last week: 8139# of downloads since 04/02 launch: 230,000% of downloads from outside UC: 97# of countries from which people link: 76# of sites that link to the repository: 1608
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Alternative Forms of Scholarly Communication4. Competitively priced journals Machine Learning Journal
Publisher: KluwerPrice: $1050/yearNumber of defecting editorial board members in 2001: 40
Journal of Machine Learning ResearchEst. 2001, with help from SPARCPublisher: MIT PressPrice: $195/year
One of 16 alternative journals supported in part by SPARC – “motivated by service to the research community rather than by profit.”
Source: SPARC web site and Ted Bergstrom’s Journal Pricing Page
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Alternative Forms and Economic SustainabilitySimulated Price Projections for Three Journal Models
Based on 9% Annual Price Increase for Subscription Models
Time
Su
bs
cri
pti
on
Pri
ce
Commercial Publishers Competitively Priced Journals Open Access Journals
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Alternative Forms of Scholarly Communication
4. Open-access journals• ~100 journals• author publication charges• institutional memberships can replace
author charges
• author publication charges• 11 UC faculty on editorial board• 16 UC faculty represented in opening issues
• 551 journals listed•19 journals added this month• funded by the Open Society Institute – Budapest & SPARC
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Potential for UC faculty action
As authorsRetain some rights in your publicationsPlace articles with high-quality alternatives to high-cost publications
As editors, reviewers, and authors: Favor reasonably priced journals
As editorsConsider moving journals from publishers with unreasonable pricing
practices
As library usersSupport and encourage the library’s aggressive negotiating stance
with uncompetitively priced publishers even where that stance potentially results in title cuts
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Potential for UC faculty action
As participants in faculty promotions and rewards processesImplement promotion criteria that emphasize quality
without discouraging publication in fairly priced and open-access publications
As society membersEncourage societies’ adoption or maintenance of
reasonable pricing mechanism
Encourage societies to lead in the search for sustainable publishing models
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
Potential for collective institutional action at UC
• Leverage existing agencies able to support new modes of scholarly publishing (e.g. the Press, the libraries’ eScholarship program), supplementing them where appropriate
• Take a lead in national bodies such as AAU in identifying & mobilizing effective coordinated national actions
UC Systemwide Library Planning Faculty Seminars Fall 2003
UC Scholarly Communication Faculty Seminars
END