Seminar in IPM Theory and Practice (ENY 6934)

Norm LepplaNorm LepplaUniversity of Florida, IFAS

Introduction to Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

• History of IPM• What is IPM?• IPM practices and applications• Pest outbreaks and growers reaction • IPM education, training and credentials• Access to IPM information• Future of IPM in Florida and elsewhere

IPM PartnershipsIPM Partnerships

StateStateRegionalRegionalNationalNational

Integrated Pest Management, or IPM, is a long-standing, science-based decision-making process that identifies and reduces risks from pests and pest management strategies. It coordinates information on pest biology, the environment, and available technology to prevent unacceptable levels of pest damage by the most economical means, while posing the least risk to people, property, resources, and the environment. IPM provides an effective strategy for managing pests from developed agricultural, residential, and public areas to wild lands. IPM provides an effective, all encompassing, sustainable approach to protect natural resources, crops, animals and people from pests. IPM recommendations are frequently recognized as Best Management Practices (BMP’s) to manage weeds, disease and insects for production of food and fiber (USDA National Road Map for Integrated Pest Management).

What is IPM?What is IPM?

• Pest outbreaks & disease epidemics

• Environmental contamination

• Human health hazards

• Pest mgmt. costs

• Reduce

risk…

IPM System ObjectivesIPM System ObjectivesINCREASE…

• Reliability

• Sustainability

Cultural Methods

Biological Control

Chem

IPM Practices

Biological knowledgeBiological knowledge Monitoring and inspectionMonitoring and inspection Act to control pests when necessaryAct to control pests when necessary Choose least-risk options Choose least-risk options Long-term, preventative practicesLong-term, preventative practices Evaluation and recordsEvaluation and records Pesticide managementPesticide management Continual improvementContinual improvement

Generic IPM ProgramGeneric IPM Program

What Causes Pest What Causes Pest Outbreaks?Outbreaks?

Alien invasive speciesAlien invasive species Disrupted environmentsDisrupted environments Pesticide resistancePesticide resistance Local invasionsLocal invasions PerceptionsPerceptions Others causes?Others causes?

Alien Invasive Species

Florida has > 13,000 insect species

New alien invasive species arrive

A few become established pests

Disrupted EnvironmentsDisrupted Environments

1896 in Lobby Pool 1896 in Lobby Pool RoomRoom ~400 people ~400 people incorporated Miamiincorporated Miami

Miami-Dade County Miami-Dade County Population 2-3 millionPopulation 2-3 million

Pesticide ResistancePesticide Resistance

The (mistaway) system uses a bio-degradable insecticide derived from the chrysanthemum

flower called pyrethrum.

Local InvasionsLocal Invasions

PerceptionsPerceptions

Grower’s Reaction Grower’s Reaction to Outbreaksto Outbreaks

Resistant Crop

• Competitors

• Natural enemies

• Resistant varieties

Vulnerable Crop

Alien Invasive Pest

Integrated pest management program: • Cultural practices• Scouting, Identification of pests and NE• Conservation of natural enemies• Augmentation of natural enemies• Reduced-risk insecticides• Resistance management

Pesticide program:• Application methods• Resistance management• New pesticides

Reaction to a New Pest

Major Florida Crops Approx. Ac IPM Programs Lead IFAS Entomology Faculty

IPM Asst.

Blueberry 10,134 X Liburd

Citrus (orchards) 576,577 X Rogers, Stansly X

Cotton 80,053 X ?

Corn (grain) 33,915 ? Nuessly

Corn (silage) 27,005 ? Nuessly

Corn (sweet) 29,000 ?, PMSP Nuessly

Grape 300 ? Liburd X

Melons 25,000 ?, PMSP Webb

Organic 5,974 X Swisher

Ornamental (woody) 35,000 X, PMSP Buss, Mizell X

Ornamental (GH & SH) 40,000 ? Osborne, Mannion, Arthurs

X

Pasture (forage) 354,860 ? ? X

Pasture (hay) 327,547 ? ?

Pecan 8,652 ? Mizell

Peppers (Field) 6,100 X Funderburk, Stansly X

Peanut 118,637 ? ?

Potato 27,200 ?, PMSP ?

Rice 11,376 ? ?

Snap bean 12,400 ? ?

Soybean 12,066 ? ?

Strawberry 7,500 X, PMSP Liburd, Price X

Sugarcane 378,587 ? Cherry

Tomato (Field) 35,000 X Funderburk, Stansly X

Tropical fruit 10,000 ?, PMSP Pena

Turf (Sod) 100,000 ? Buss X

Vegetables 224,837 X (PMSP) Stansly, Webb X

Vegetables (GH) 100 X (some) Osborne

IPM for Florida CrIPM for Florida Crops ops

Potential Threats to IPM Potential Threats to IPM SystemsSystems

Loss of pesticidesLoss of pesticides Offshore competitionOffshore competition Damaging weatherDamaging weather Population GrowthPopulation Growth EnvironmentalismEnvironmentalism Government “assistance”Government “assistance”

Potential Threats to IPM Potential Threats to IPM SystemsSystems

Food borne illnesses Food borne illnesses Land availability and useLand availability and use Labor and immigrationLabor and immigration Water quality and quantity Water quality and quantity Higher operating costs (fuel)Higher operating costs (fuel) New plant pests and diseasesNew plant pests and diseases

http://ipm.ifas.ufl.eduhttp://ipm.ifas.ufl.edu

IPM Florida provides statewide, interdisciplinary and inter-unit coordination and assistance for

UF/IFAS integrated pest management research Extension and education faculty