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  • 1. Semester 1 EXAM REVIEWMS. ANSELMO

2. Qu hora es? 3. How do I tell time in Spanish?Son las ______.Es la _______. 4. After the half hour m e ny o s 5. a.m. = de la maanap.m. = de la tarde / de la noche 6. Son lasIt is= Es la Es la una de la tarde. It is 1:00 PMSon las dos de la tarde. It is 2:00 PM 7. Qu hora es?Son las diez. 8. Qu hora es?Son las cinco. 9. Qu hora es?Son las cinco y diez. 10. Qu hora es?Son las ocho y cuarto. 11. Qu hora es?Son las tres y media. 12. Qu hora es?Es la una en punto. 13. Qu hora es?Son las diez menos veinte. 14. Qu hora es?Son las siete menos cuarto. 15. Qu hora es?Es medianoche. (Son las doce.) 16. Son las nueve. 17. Son las seis. 18. Son las dos y media. 19. Es la unay cuarto. 20. Son las tresy diez. 21. Son las oncey veinticinco. 22. Son las sietemenos cinco 23. Son las dosmenos cuarto. 24. Qu hora es?1. 5:30 pm 4. 12:00 am2. 6:15 am 5. 9:45 am3. 8:40 pm 6. 1:25 pm 25. Las Respuestas Son las doce deSon las cinco y1. media de la tarde. 4. la maana.(Es medianoche) Son las seis y Son las diez menos2. cuarto de la maana. 5. cuarto de la maana. Es la una ySon las nueve menos3. veinte de la noche.6.veinticinco de latarde. 26. How to tell the date:December 28th Es el 28 de diciembreMay 5th Es el 5 de mayo 27. Infinitives The most basic form of averb is called theINFINITIVE. In English, you can spotinfinitives because theyalways have the wordTO in front of them: to swim, to read, to write 28. Infinitives Infinitives in Spanish, though, donthave a separate word like to in frontof them. Spanish infinitives are only one word,and always end in -ar, -er, or -ir: Nadar Leer Escribir 29. Negatives To make a sentence negativein Spanish, you usually putno in front of the verb orexpression. In English you usually use theword not. No me gusta cantar. I do not like to sing. 30. Negatives To answer a questionnegatively, in Spanish youoften use no twice. The first no answers thequestion. The second no says,I do not (dont). 31. Negatives In Spanish, you might useone or more negatives afteranswering no. Te gusta cantar? Do you like to sing? No, no me gusta nada. No, I dont like it at all. 32. Negatives If you want to say that you do notlike either of two choices, use nini: No me gusta ni nadar ni dibujar. I dont like either swimming ordrawing. I like neither swimming nordrawing. 33. Agreement orDisagreement To agree with what aperson likes, you usea m tambin. Its like saying metoo in English. 34. Agreement or Disagreement Me gusta pasartiempo con amigos. I like to spend time withfriends. A m tambin. Me too. 35. Agreement orDisagreement If somewone tells you that heor she dislikes something,you can agree by saying a mtampoco. Its like saying me neither orneither do I in English. 36. Agreement orDisagreement No me gusta nadacantar. I dont like to sing atall. A m tampoco. Me neither. 37. Adjectives Words that describe people andthings are called adjectives(adjetivos). In Spanish, most adjectives haveboth masculine and feminineforms. The masculine form usually endsin the letter -o and the feminineform usually ends in the letter -a. 38. Adjectives Masculine adjectives areused to describe masculinenouns. Marcos es ordenado ysimpatico. Marcos is organized and nice. 39. Adjectives Feminine adjectives areused to describe femininenouns. Marta es ordenada ysimptica. Marta is organized and nice. 40. Adjectives Adjectives that end in-e describe bothmasculine andfeminine nouns. Take a look 41. Adjectives Anita es inteligente. Anita is smart. Pedro es inteligentetambin. Pedro is also smart. 42. AdjectivesMasculineFeminine ordenado ordenadatrabajadortraqbajadorapaciente paciente deportista deportista 43. Adjectives When an adjectiveends in -or, an -a isadded to describe afeminine noun. Juan es trabajador. Luz es trabajadora 44. Adjectives Some adjectives that endin -a, such as deportista,describe both masculineand feminine nouns. You will need to learnwhich adjectives follow thispattern. 45. Adjectives Toms es deportista. Toms is sports-minded. Marta es deportistatambin. Marta is also sports-minded. 46. Definite Articles El , La , Los and Las arecalled definite articles. In English they meanthe 47. Definite Articles We use El and Los withmasculine nouns and Laand Las with femininenouns. 48. Indefinite Articles Un, Una, Unos, and Unas areindefinite articles. Un and Una mean a or an in English. Unos and Unas mean some in English. 49. Placement of Adjectives In Spanish, adjectives usuallycome after the noun theydescribe. Margarita es una chicaartistica.nounadjective 50. Placement of Adjectives In English sentences the adjective comes beforethe noun, but in Spanish adjectives mostly comeafter the noun. Memorize this pattern Subject + Verb + Noun + Adjective Margarita es una chica muy artistica. Pablo es un estudiante inteligente. La Sra. Ortiz es una profesora muy buena 51. Placement of AdjectivesSubject + Verb + Noun + Adjective Margarita es una chica muyartistica. Pablo es un estudianteinteligente. La Sra. Ortiz es una profesora 52. Subject Pronouns The subject of a sentence tells whois doing the action. You often use peoples names asthe subject: Gregorio escucha msica. Ana canta y baila. 53. Subject Pronouns(Singular) YoI T You Usted (informal)(Ud.) You (formal) l He Ella She 54. Subject Pronouns (Plural) Nosotros We (males/mixed) Nosotras We (females) Ustedes (Uds.) You All (formal) Ellos They Ellas(males/mixed) They (females) 55. Subject Pronouns T, usted, ustedes, and vosotros(as) all meanyou. Use t with family, friends, people yourage or younger, and anyone you call byhis or her first name. Use usted with adults you address with atitle, such as seor, seora, profesor(a), etc.Usted is usually written as Ud. 56. Subject Pronouns Alejandro y yo =nosotros Carlos y ella = ellos Pepe y t = ustedes Lola y ella = ellas 57. VERBSaction in aA verb usually names thesentence. We call the verb that ends in -r theINFINITIVE The INFINITIVE is the form youwould find in a Spanish dictionary. In English it means to + (verb) 58. These are some INFINITIVES you already know: EnsearEsquiar Estudiar Jugar Hablar Montar Bailar Nadar Cantar Pasar tiempo DibujarPatinar Escuchar And several more! 59. IN SPANISH: To change an INFINITIVE toa form that tells who is doingthe action, remove the -arand add the appropriateending. This action is calledCONJUGATION 60. TO STUDY (English)Istudy We studyYou study They studyHeShestudiesit 61. ESTUDIAR (Spanish)YoestudioNosotros estudiamos NosotrasTestudias Uds.Ud.EllosestudianlestudiaEllasElla 62. TOCARYo tocoNosotrostocamosT tocas NosotrasUd.l tocaUds.Ella Ellostocan Ellas 63. EnsearYo enseoNosotrosenseamosT enseasUd.l enseaUds.Ella Ellos ensean Ellas 64. NOUNS In Spanish, nouns have gender. They areeither masculine or feminine. Most nouns that end in -o are masculine. Most nouns that end in -a are feminine. For example: el libro la calculadora An exception: el da 65. Other Spanish Nouns Other Spanish nouns end in -e or a consonant. For example:el cineel marcadorla clase la televisinSome can be both masculine and feminine: el/la estudiante 66. Making Nouns Plural To make nouns plural you usually add-s to words ending in a vowel and -es towords ending in a consonant. silla sillas teclado teclados cartelcarteles 67. Making Nouns Plural Singular nouns that end in z change thez to c in the plural. El lpizlos lpices 68. Definite Articles El , La , Los and Las arecalled definite articles. In English they meanthe 69. Definite Articles We use El and Los withmasculine nouns and Laand Las with femininenouns. 70. Indefinite Articles Un, Una, Unos, and Unas are indefinitearticles. Un and Una mean a or an in English.Unos and Unas mean some in English.Un and Unos are masculine and Una and Unasare feminine. 71. The Verb Estar Estar is an IRREGULARverb. It means to be in English. 72. The Verb ESTAR It does NOT followthe pattern ofREGULAR-AR VERBS. 73. The Verb ESTAR In writing, be sure to usethe accent mark on allforms except the yo andnosotros forms. 74. TO BE (In English)IamWe areYouareHe They areSheisIt 75. ESTARYo estoy NosotrosestamosT ests Uds.Ud.Ellosestnl estEllasElla 76. USE OF ESTAR Estar is used to tell location of aperson or a thing. For example:El libro est en la mesa.The book is on the table.Maria y Carlos estn en clase.Maria and Carlos are in class. 77. USE OF ESTAREstar is also used to tell the condition ofsomething or someone.For example:Maria est enferma.Maria is sick.Elisa y t estn ocupados.Elisa and you are busy . 78. USE OF ESTARElisa y t estn ocupados.Elisa and you are busy. 79. Review the following: ALL VOCAB WORDS ANDPHRASES UP TO THIS POINT ALL GRAMMAR CORNELLNOTES UP TO THIS POINT