Self Replicating Mechanical SystemsMAS.S62 FAB2

3.6.12

0] Complexity Per Cost1] Exponential Manufacturing2] Swarm Robotics3] Reconfigurable Robotics4] Self Replicating Systems

…Can we use this map as a guide towards future directions in fabrication?

Semi-conductor Chip

High Speed Offset Web TFT DVD-6

Liquid Embossing

Design Rule Smallest Dimension (microns) 0.1 10 2 0.25 0.2Number of Types of Elements 8 6 8 2 4Area of SOA Artifact (Sq. Microns) 7.E+10 2.E+12 1.E+12 1.E+10 8.E+09Volume of SOA Artifact (Cubic Microns) 7.E+09 2.E+12 1.E+11 7.E+12 8.E+08Number of Elements in SOA Artifact 7.E+12 2.E+10 3.E+11 2.E+11 2.E+11Volume Per Element(Cubic Microns) 1.E-03 1.E+02 4.E-01 4.E+01 4.E-03Fabrication Time(seconds) 9.E+04 1.E-01 7.E+02 3 6.E+01Time Per Element (Seconds) 1.E-08 7.E-12 2.E-09 2.E-11 3.E-10Fabrication Cost for SOA Artifact($) 1.E+02 1.E-01 2.E+03 3.E-02 2.E-01Cost Per Element 2.E-11 6.E-12 6.E-09 2.E-13 1.E-12Complexity 2.E+13 4.E+10 6.E+11 1.E+11 3.E+11Complexity Per Unit Volume of SOA(um^3) 2.E+03 2.E-02 5.E+00 2.E-02 3.E+02Complexity Per Unit Time 2.E+08 3.E+11 9.E+08 4.E+10 5.E+09Yielded Res. Elements Per $ 1.E+11 3.E+11 3.E+08 4.E+12 1.E+12Cost Per Area 2.E-09 6.E-14 2.E-09 3.E-12 3.E-11

Cost Per Resolution ElementThe Case for Printed Electronics

Stephen Chou (Michigan/Princeton) et. al.

Imprint Lithography

http://www.molecularimprints.com/Technology/technology2.html

Step & Flash Lithography

Emerging Lithographic Technologies X, edited by Michael J. Lercel,Proc. of SPIE Vol. 6151, 61510J, (2006) · 0277-786X/06/$15 · doi: 10.1117/12.655604Proc. of SPIE Vol. 6151 61510J-1

MultiLayer Step and Flash Lithography

                                     

www.panasonic.com

DVD6 Disk Replication

• 3 second replication time.• ~ 3 cents per disk• 20 GB Data• Pit Size: 0.25 um

All-Printed All-Inorganic Transistors Solution Based Inorganic Semiconductor Chemistry

Ridley et al., Science, 286, 746 (1999)Science 297,416 (2000)

Molecular Machines (Jacobson) Group - MITwww.media.mit.edu/molecular

NanoTectonics

Offset Liquid Embossing (OLE)

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Bulthaup et. Al. APL 79(10): 1525 (2001) Molecular Machines (Jacobson) Group

Multilayer Liquid Assembly

All Printed-All Inorganic Logic

Elements

Department of Mechanical Engineering

NANOTECTONICS

2 mm 200 nm

Offset Liquid Embossed Gold

Exponential ReplicationStamp and Shrink

MIT MIT MIT

Stretched

MIT MIT

MIT MIT

MIT MIT

MIT MIT

MIT MIT

MIT MIT

ElastomericSheet

Electrospray

http://www.waters.com/waters/nav.htm?cid=10073251&locale=en_US

http://www.newobjective.com/electrospray/

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x9sE0cisM58

Puff Pastry

J.A. Henckels

Geometric Scaling Manufacturing

Damascus Steel

Swarm Robotics

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YQIMGV5vtd4

Quadcoptor

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZgRfXXeDwM

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W18Z3UnnS_0

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qBUFX41e1mc

Kilobot

Building Swarms

http://micro.seas.harvard.edu/

Harvard – MobeePop-up Fabrication

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rTcp2UkgvSk

Reconfigurable Snake robot-MTRAN

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gq3rkMHCwnEhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4oSavAHf0dg&NR=1

Reconfigurable Robotics

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LumLzSQE5Vw

Self Replicating Systems

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7rwXiVb2QEk

Lipson

Penrose Griffith

StStochastic Self Replicating Systems

Saul

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Saul Griffith, Dan Goldwater,JosephM. Jacobson NATURE|Vol 437|29 September 2005

See also: Evolvable physical Self replicators http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/artl_a_00056

BEGINNING

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DrawingHands.jpg