selection of gas turbines
TRANSCRIPT
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SELECTION OF HYDRAULIC TURBINES
Rishabh BoonliaVIT University
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On the basis of heads
High heads(350 m and above): Pelton turbine
Reaction turbines not suitable (losses) Medium heads: Francis turbine
(sometimes impulse turbines can also be used)
Low heads(below 60 m): Propeller type of turbine is used.
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Selection Criteria
Hydrological Data:
The maximum working head� The design Head� The design discharge � Available discharge Speed and nature of load
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DESIGN ANALYSIS
Type of turbine:(for e.g. adjustable blade axial flow turbine or a kaplan turbine) The power generated( in bhp): Diameter of the hydraulic turbine Rotational speed
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THE SPECIFIC SPEED
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The permissible suction height
In order to achieve no-cavitations in the turbine, the suction height should be limited
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Spiral Casing
Spiral casings are either made of metal for heads ranging from 40 to over 200m or of concrete for low and medium heads, i.e. up to 75m
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Draft tube
The role of the draft tube is to convert kinetic energy into pressure energy with a minimum of losses Straight conical draft tube Elbow draft tube
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Penstock diameter
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Weight of runner
A propeller-type runner rated 28,000 hp (21 MW)
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Shaft arrangement
Vertical shaft: (for reaction turbines) Great variations of tail water level Deep foundations, as the weight of the
rotating parts acts in the same direction of the axial hydraulic thrust
Horizontal shaft: (for impulse turbines) Grouping of two or more runners can be
done Foundations are not that deep, but
occupy more surface area