ObjectiveTo determine the relationships between the Owens River Aqueduct and Quaternary faulting. Did the aqueduct designers consider the potential hazards of seismic interaction?

Results�e aqueduct passes over 19 distinct faults from 10 speci�c fault zones. All Major reservoirs and dams are within close proximity to faults Five reservoirs are less than a kilometer away from a fault.�e 3 meter wide, 8 km long Elizabeth Lake tunnel which connects Fairmont reservoir to the San Francisuito power plant runs directly through the San Andreas Fault zone at a depth of ~75 meters.

Data SourcesComplete Report on Construction of the LA Aqueduct, Dept of Public Service of the City of Los Angeles, 1916gis_data : volcanos, quaternary faulting, aqueducts, hydrology, county boundaries, roads, land useSieh, K.E., Slip along the San Andreas fault associated with the great 1957 earthquake, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 68, 1421-1448, 1978b.-h�p://www.slideshare.net/Aquafornia/picture-tour-of-la-aqueduct-2632466-h�p://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Department_of_Water_and_Power

MethodologyClip data to counties - update missing and out of date informationTable from Spatially Joined Dam and Fault shape�les of distances Graph Reservoirs, capacities to elevation and source distanceDigitize point shape�le from intersections of aqueduct and faults

Conclusions�ere are several locations along the aqueduct route that pose signi�cant seismic hazards. �e risk at most of these areas are minor, but a few pose more severe risk. �e riskier being dams with large capacities that are up aqueduct of populated areas and fault-aqueduct crossings where there is potential for large displacement. It is apparent that the aqueduct designers did not consider seismic hazards and risk during the building of the aqueduct, but in their defense, li�le was known at the time about the potential impact of a large seismic event and the damage they could cause.

Distance �om Dams to Nearest Fault

Distance from Reservoir Total Acre Feet Fault name/zone Fault Age Slip Sense Dam to Fault in meters Los Angeles - Van Norman Dam 23000 Sierra Madre fault zone, San Fernando section <150 Thrust 172 Pleasant Valley Reservoir Dam 3825 Unnamed faults in Volcanic Tablelands <15,000 Normal 343 Fairmont #2 Dam 7620 San Andreas fault zone, Mojave section <15,000 RightLateral 612 Tinemaha Dam 20235 Owens Valley fault zone, 1872 Rupture section <150 RightLateral 776 Franklin #2 Dam 300 Hollywood fault <15,000 LeftLateral 979 Grant Lake Dam 47171 Hartley Springs fault zone <15,000 Normal 3146 Haiwee Reservoir North Dam 23300 Southern Sierra Navada fault zone, Haiwee Reservoir section <130,000 Normal 3819 Haiwee Reservoir South Dam 23300 Southern Sierra Navada fault zone, Haiwee Reservoir section <130,000 Normal 3924 Stone Canyon Dam 4000 Newport-Inglewood - Rose Canyon fault zone, North Los <15,000 RightLateral 3985 Angeles Basin section Crowley Lake Dam 183000 Round Valley fault <15,000 Normal 4549 Boquet Reservoir Dam 36500 San Andreas fault zone, Mojave section <15,000 RightLateral 7193 St. Francis Dam 36580 San Andreas fault zone, Mojave section <130,000 RightLateral 13715 Drinkwater Reservoir Dam 100 Sierra Madre fault zone, San Fernando section <150 Thrust 16574

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CSUN

Mojave

Bishop

Cartago

Palmdale

Big Pine

Lone Pine

Ridgecrest

Lee Vining

The Cascades

Independance

Santa Clarita

Mammoth Lakes

Jawbone Canyon

Tinemaha

Grant

Mono

BouquetDrinkwater

Haiwee

Owens Dry

Van Norman

St. Francis DrySt. Francis Dry

Frankl inStone Canyon Frankl in

FairmontFairmont

Stone Canyon

Crowley

BouquetDrinkwater

Haiwee

Owens Dry

Van Norman

Pleasant Val leyPleasant Val ley

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Cholame Creek

Park�eld

Hwy 46 Cholame

Hwy 58

Wallace Creek

Van Matre

Ranch

Hwy 166

Santiago Canyon

Mil Potre

ro

Cuddy Valley

Frazier Park

Tejon Pass

Lake Hughes

Lake Elizabeth

Leona Valley

Lake Palmdale

Littlerock Creek

Pallett C

reek

Valyermo - B

ig Rock

Wrightw

wood

Cajon Creek

Cable Canyon

Devil Canyon

Waterman Canyon

City Creek Highland

1857 Fault O�sets along San Andreas Faultadapted from Sieh, K. 1978

Carrizo Plain

LA AqueductTunnelCholame

Valley

Cholame Segment

Bitter- water Valley

Righ

t Lat

eral

Dis

plac

emen

t (M

eter

s)

10

5

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 0 km

Little Lake fault zone

Unnamed faults in Volcanic Tablelands

San Andreas fault zone, Mojave section

Garlock fault zone, Western Garlock section

Sierra Madre fault zone, San Fernando section

Sierra Madre fault zone, Santa Susana section

Owens Valley fault zone, 1872 Rupture section

Owens Valley fault zone, 1872 Rupture section

Southern Sierra Navada fault zone, Haiwee Reservoir section

Southern Sierra Navada fault zone, Independence section

Aqueduct - Fault Intersections

47171 183000

382520235 46600

7620 36500

100

1325

23000

4000 3000

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

Elev

atio

n in

met

ers

Distance in kilometers from headwater

Reservoir Capacity, Elevation and Location in Los Angeles Owens River Aqueduct System

Acre feet

Grant

Crowley

Pleasant Valle

y

Tinemaha

Haiwee

Fairmont

Bouquet

Drinkwater

Dry Canyon

Van Norman

Franklin

Stone Canyon

Four County Study Area

Seismic Risk Along the Owens River Aqueduct

Projected Coordinate System: NAD_1927_AlbersGeographic Coordinate System: GCS_North_American_1927Datum: D_North_American_1927

!. Cities

Quaternary Faults

Reservoirs/Dams

Aqueduct

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0 50 10025 Kilometers

Mike TacsikGeog 306Professor Y. Sun

Aqueduct/Fault Intersection