sehs option d: nutrition for sport, exercise and health
TRANSCRIPT
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SEHS Option D:Nutrition for sport, exercise and
health
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Outline the features of the principal components of the digestive system
• Mouth – mechanical digestionand start chemical digestion• Esophagus – begins peristalsis• Stomach – mechanical digestionand begins chemical digestion ofproteins
possess rugae – folded interior
that increases surface area lumen – open area
mucous coating preventsself digestion
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Cont’d• Small intestine – main organ for chemicaldigestion (produces monomers from polymers
possess – highly folded interior (villi andmicrovilli) to increase surface area
*Large intestines – water absorption andvitamin K production and absorption*Pancreas – produces digestive enzymes(lipase, proteases, disaccharidases) and hormones (insulin, glucagon)Liver – produces bile (mechanical digestionof fat)Gall Bladder – stores bile
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Identify typical pH values found in various parts of the digestive system
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Describe the functions of enzymes in the context of macronutrient digestion
• What are enzymes?- biological catalysts (speed up catabolic and anabolic
reactions)- made of proteins
LIPASE
Fats ----------------- Fatty acids and glycerolcarbohydrases
Polysaccharides ---------- monosaccharides proteases
Proteins ---------- Amino acids
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Cont’d• All enzymes are effected by the temperature and
pH of the solution they are in• (salivary amylase/pancreatic amylase. Why twice?)• Why super high fevers are deadly
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So why are enzymes sonecessary for digestion
• Metabolism can be accelerated by temperature increases….but at what costs?
• Enzymes allow metabolism to occur at relative low temperatures (98.6)
• http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.html
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List the digestive enzymes that are responsible for digestion of fats, carbohydrates and proteins
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Describe the absorption of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids from the intestinal lumen to the digestive capillary network.
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• Monosaccharides and amino acids (blood); fat (lymph)