see heritage brochure

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www.seeheritage.org South Eas European Heitage Network

South East European (SEE)

Heritage is a network of civil society

organizations from South East Europe,

established in 2006. Since 2010, the SEE

Heritage Network has been registered

as a civil society organization based

in Kotor, Montenegro (in Montenegrin

language its ofcial name is Mrea za

nasljee Jugoistine Evrope). Its work is

administered by the Secretariat located in

Kotor.

The mission of the SEE Heritage

Network is to work towards

protecting and promoting the

common cultural heritage

with the aim of encouraging

sustainable development of the

region.

The vision of the SEE Heritage

Network: South East Europe

(SEE) - region where people

cooperate, understand and

respect each other on the basis

of their cultural differences,

believing that cultural, ethnic and

religious diversity is a valuable

resource.

Issuing of this publication was supported by the Headley Trust, United Kingdom

SEE Heritage Network gathers all those

willing to contribute to protecting and

promoting the South East European

heritage as part of the common European

and world heritage.

Kotor2011

The initiative to establish a network of

CSOs (civil society organizations) working

on cultural heritage came from the Swedish

organization CHwB (Cultural Heritagewithout Borders ). CHwB has started its

activities in recognizing the CSOs that will

try to create a common ground for acting.

Initially, twelve partner CSOs from the

region (Albania, BiH, Kosovo, Macedonia,

Montenegro, Serbia) expressed their

willingness to meet and exchange views

and experiences with their colleagues. In

mid-2006, based on the CHwB initiative,

these CSOs met in Sarajevo.

The lack of cooperation among CSOs

working in the eld of cultural heritage in

the South East Europe was identied and

discussed at the initial meeting. The idea ofcreating a network for the joint promotion,

preservation and sustainable usage of

cultural heritage emerged.

At this meeting, the CSOs decided to

enhance their own eld of activity and to

extend their work in the cultural heritage

sector beyond the borders of their own

countries by establishing links with other

regional and international partners.

In 2006 in Sarajevo, 12 CSOs together with representatives of the CHwB,

signed a commitment statement to develop and strengthen a regional

network, which they named SEE Heritage (where SEE stands for South East

Europe, and also for to see, i.e. to see, to recognise, to acknowledge, to

look at the heritage).


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We, the members of the South East European Heritage Network (SEE Heritage), in

this Membership Declaration set forth our common vision to develop and preserve

the multicultural heritage in our countries in order to promote the SEE region where people

cooperate, understand and respect each other based on their cultural differences.

We, as a network of civil society organizations, believe that cultural, ethnic and religious

diversity are valuable resources. Our work aims to protect and promote our common

heritage as a tool for sustainable and responsible development.

We recognize cultural heritage as:

An expression of personal and community identities & differences

A heritage that we all share

A means for building social capital & cohesion as well as for fostering peoples good-will &

co-operation;

A unique resource for the sustainable development of our countries.

We, as promoters of cultural heritage, envision the South East European Heritage

Network as a focal point for consolidating and spreading the internationally recognized

cultural heritage values. We will work openly and honestly by upholding ethical principles,

safeguarding human rights, and respecting individuals inalienable right to feel and express

their differences.

We, as signatories of this Membership Declaration, underscore our Networks role in the

alleviation of regional poverty, tension and instability and, above all, in the preservation and

promotion of the tremendous wealth and diversity found in SEEs cultural heritage.

We, in light of the aforementioned values, commit ourselves to the future development of

the Network and to utilizing all of our resources, experience and knowledge to help SEEcommunities cultivate the values that we support.

Signatories:

Albanian Heritage Foundation, Albania

Albanian National Trust, Albania

Association for Rehabilitation of the Cultural Heritage ARCH, Serbia

Butrint Foundation, Albania

Center for Cultural Heritage Projektor, Montenegro

Civic Association SUBURBIUM, Serbia

Cultural Heritage without Borders, Regional Ofce in Bosnia and Herzegovina

EC MA NDRYSHE, Kosovo

Europa Nostra Serbia, Serbia

EXPEDITIO Center for Sustainable Spatial Development, Montenegro

Foundation Open Society Macedonia, Macedonia

MJAFT!Movement, Albania

Notar Centre for Preservation and Promotion of Kotor Documentary Heritage, Montenegro

Ohrid, Macedonia, 4 July 2007


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The members of the SEE Heritage Network are, at the moment, 20 civil society

organizations which deal with cultural heritage protection or have one part of their

programme activities dedicated to cultural heritage protection, and which are registered or

work in the South East Europe countries:

Albanian National Trust, Tirana, Albania www.butrinti.com

Albanian Heritage Foundation, Tirana, Albania http://albanianheritage.net

Association for Rehabilitation of the Cultural Heritage ARCH, Belgrade, Serbia

Butrint Foundation, Tirana, Albania www.butrint.org

Center for Cultural Heritage Projektor, Tivat, Montenegro www.projektor.chc.org

Civic Association SUBURBIUM, Petrovaradin, Serbia www.suburbium.org

Cultural and Natural Heritage, Konjic, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Cultural Heritage without Borders /CHwB/, Regional Ofce in Sarajevo, Bosnia and

Herzegovina www.chwb.org/bih

EC MA NDRYSHE, Prishtina, Kosovo www.ecmandryshe.org

Europa Nostra Serbia, Serbia, www.europanostraserbia.org

EXPEDITIO, Kotor, Montenegro www.expeditio.org

Foundation Open Society - Macedonia, Skopje, Macedonia www.soros.org.mk

GENIUS LOCI, Zagreb, Croatia www.geniusloci.hr

Gjirokastra Conservation and Development Organization, Gjirokastra, Albania

www.gjirokastra.org

Heritage - Association for the Care and Preservation of Cultural Heritage in Macedonia,Skopje, Macedonia

MJAFT! Movement, Tirana, Albania www.mjaft.org

Mozaik, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina www.mozaik.ba

Notar - Centre for Preservation and Promotion of Kotor Documentary Heritage, Kotor,

Montenegro www.cdknotar.org

Kupreka visoravan, Bosnia and Herzegovina

PRO TORPEDO, Rijeka, Croatia www.torpedo150rijeka.org

Transylvania Trust, Cluj-Napoca, Romania http://transylvaniatrust.ro

Besides the members, the Network has a group of supportersof its work. Supporters ofthe Network can be from or outside the SEE region: civil society organizations, individuals,

organizations, state/government institutions, media, or private sector, that support the

vision and mission of the SEE Heritage Network.

How to become the SEE Heritage Network member?

Visit our web site www.seeheritage.organd look for SEE Heritage Membership Criteria

and SEE Heritage Member Application Form


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The AssemblyMembers - all CSOs

The SecretariatSecretary + Other members

(depending on needs)

The Managing Board1 CSO representative per country

Workshops and Conferences

Public debate Misuse of cultural

heritage in political, ideological and

other causes - July 2, 2007, Skopje,

Macedonia

The event, organized by the Foundation

Open Society - Macedonia, had a regional

character including key speeches by three experts from the SEE region. The following

issues were discussed: The age of nations: from academic discourse to cultural tourism;

Economy of ethnisation: misuse of the ethnic component of cultural heritage; the Ohrid

Declaration (2002) and the relation among the cultural heritage and the catastrophes;

cultural heritage of one ethnic community being refuted beyond its border even when

that community extends beyond it; heritage being misused for the purpose of politics and

development, especially in tourism; how we can avoid abusing culture and using it for

reconciliation of communities.

Workshop Devastation of cultural

heritage - February 8-10, 2008, Kotor,

Montenegro

The workshop, organized by Expeditio

and Notar, focused on one of the

crucial problems when the heritage of


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Montenegro, as well as of other countries is concerned. The rst part of the workshop

consisted of the tour around the Boka Kotorska Bay aimed at mapping the zones of heritage

devastation. It was followed by presentations on heritage devastation in the participants

countries. As the workshop conclusion, the participants adopted a joint Appeal to stop the

indifference towards the devastation of SEE heritage, which was sent to the authorities and

responsible institutions of the SEE countries. A press conference was organized, followed

by a public presentation of cultural heritage of the two participating countries: Azerbaijan

and Albania. Two Azerbaijan civil society organizations were present as guests of the

SEE Heritage Network: CSO for Islam, Democracy and Human Rights and Association ofProtection Womens Rights.

Workshop Cultural tourism and

local economic development

- January 23-26, 2009, Prizren,

Kosovo

A thematic workshop, organized by

the EC Ma Ndryshe, revealed and

discussed the potential of cultural

tourism and local development, as

a common opportunity and need

of many South East European cities and rural areas. The discussion was mainly focused

on the city of Prizren and its potential to attract tourist through its rich cultural heritage,

contributing thus to the local economic development of the city. The workshop brought two

positive examples of civil society engagement in utilizing the cultural and heritage potential

of Prizren and Kosovo (restoration works of the Cultural Heritage without Borders, ofce in

Prishtina and DokuFest lm festival).

Conference Cultural heritage tourism as a tool

for dustainable development - June 21-23,

2008, Berat, Albania

The conference organized by Butrint Foundation/

Albanian Heritage Centre expounded upon

through country presentations coupled with two

professional lectures delivered by international

experts. Signicant threats, the most prominent ofwhich is the potential destruction of cultural heritage

resources through the irresponsible development

of tourism, emerged through the discussions. The inclusion of local communities in

the development of cultural heritage tourism was deemed one of the most important

preventative measures to be taken to control this threat.

Conference Cultural landscapes and

the Implementation of the European

Landscape Convention in South East

Europe - the role of CSOs - October 11-14,

2009, Novi Sad and Belgrade, Serbia

The Conference, organized by Suburbuim

and Europa Nostra Serbia, involved

speeches of representatives of the regional

and national authorities of Serbia. The

discussions regarded the topics of the role

of CSOs in putting the European Landscape Convention into practice, the South East

European cities in the natural environment, experiences of Ombudsmans of Vojvodina,


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Greece and Spain, Canadian experience and approach related to the stewardship of cultural

landscapes. Representatives of the SEE Heritage Network gave short presentations about

their experiences related to landscape protection and the implementation of the European

Landscape Convention in their countries.

4th International conference on industrial

heritage Rijeka and shipbuilding

heritage: Yesterday-Today-Tomorrow

- April 23-23, 2010, Rijeka, Croatia

The Conference was organized by Pro

Torpedo, in the Rijeka Maritime and History

Museum of the Croatian Littoral. The SEE

Heritage Network members participated,

presenting posters on the industrial heritage

in their countries. The conference gathered

55 authors from Croatia, Austria, Germany,

Hungary, Italy, Slovenia, Serbia, the

United Kingdom and the USA. The

programme consisted of two general

themes: Ships and shipbuilding

heritage and General topics of

industrial heritage. The participants

had an unique opportunity to

explore the City of Rijeka and the

area of Istria and their historical and

industrial monuments.

Appeals

A joint APPEAL to stop the indifference

towards the devastation of the SEE

natural and cultural heritage - February

10, 2008, Kotor, Montenegro

The appeal was sent to the local and

central governments of Albania, Bosnia andHerzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Macedonia,

Montenegro and Serbia. It emphasized

the uncontrolled urban development and

inadequate urban planning, mass tourism, expansion of industry and infrastruction in

touristic areas, lack of correct management of heritage sites. The appeal urged for the

implementation of principles of protection of cultural heritage in planning and development

processes, involving experts in those processes and active public participation in the

decision making concerning the abovementioned subjects.

A joint APPEAL about the Implementation of the European Landscape Convention in

South East Europe - October 13, 2009, Novi Sad, Serbia

The Appeal emphasized the importance of interdisciplinary work in treating this topic, as

stressed in the European Landscape Convention, adopted by the Council of Europe in

Florence in 2000 as the rst international document which promotes a unique approach in

landscape protection, management and planning. Due to the transition processes in the

SEE region, the landscape is at constant risk of uncontrolled urbanization. The appeal urged

the decision makers and political structures in the region to ratify the Convention, and begin

its implementation. Regardless of whether the Convention is adopted or not, it is necessary


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to raise awareness of the landscape values, and its adequate protection, management and

planning.

Suggestions for the Plan for detailed regulation of the Petrovaradin Fortress in Novi

Sad, Serbia - October 12, 2010, Novi Sad, Serbia

The SEE Heritage Network and some of its members individually, together with the

European Movement in Serbia, appealed to the local and national authorities in Serbia

to reconsider the planning documentation that envisages building a new bridge on thefoundations of the former Franz Josef bridge and new tunnels under the Petrovaradin

Fortress, which could permanently destroy the landscape values of the area and this

important cultural site. The suggestions included concrete measurements and sustainable

approach for management of protected cultural heritage and landscapes.

The meetings are opportunities for

the members to meet each other, to

exchange news, experiences, and toagree upon further functioning of the

Network and its future activities. So far

the SEE Heritage Network has held the

following meetings:

Leaet Web page

Booklet SEE Heritage Network Meeting &

Workshop, Cultural Landscapes and the

Implementation of the European LandscapeConvention in South East Europe the Role of

NGOs - Presentations and discussions from

the Conference, held in Belgrade and Novi Sad

on October 11-14, 2009

SEE HeritageNetworkMeeting &

WorkshopCulturalLandscapes

and theImplementationof

theEuropean

LandscapeConventioninSouth

East Europe theRoleofNGOs

October 11-142009,

Novi Sad/Belgrade,Serbia

i r , r i j - kt r

CULTURAL HERITAGE AND

ITS MISUSE IN POLITICAL AND

IDEOLOGICAL CAUSES

Presentationsanddiscussion fromthe Publicdebate, heldinSkopje on July2, 2007, andsummaryof the Network meetingheldin Ohrid, on July 3-4, 2007

Booklet Cultural Heritage

and its Misuse in Politicaland Ideological Causes

- Presentations and discussions

from the Public debate, held in

Skopje on July 2, 2007

20-22 September 2006, Sarajevo, Bosnia

and Herzegovina

06-10 December 2007, Gjirokastra,Albania

02-04 July 2007, Ohrid, Macedonia

08-10 February 2008, Kotor, Montenegro

21-23 June 2008, Berat, Albania

23-26 January 2009, Prizren, Kosova

11-14 October 2009, Novi Sad and

Belgrade, Serbia

23-25 April 2010, Rijeka, Croatia

h it S th E s E H it N t k


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Suburbium, Petrovaradin, Serbia |author:AleksandarStanojlovi|

www . s e e h e r i t a g e . o r gSouthEastEuropea(SEE) a regionwherepeoplecooperate,understandand respecteachother onthe

basisoftheir culturaldifferences,believingthatcultural, ethnicandreligiousdiversityas avaluableresource.

www . s e e h e r i t a g e . o r gSouthEastEuropea(SEE) aregionwherepeoplecooperate,understandandrespecteachother onthe

i f t h i r cu lt ur l i f f r n c , l i i n t h t cu lt ur l , t h ni c n r l i i u i r i ty l u l r u rc .

The SEEHeritage network gathers allthose willing to contribute to

protecting and promoting the South East European heritage as part

of the common European and worlds heritage.

SEE Heritage

Network

South East European (SEE)Heritage isa network of non-governmentalorganizations

fromSouth East Europe.Te Network wasestablished in 2006 and wasofficially regis-

tered in 2009asan NGO with its officialheadquartersin Montenegro.

Te vision of SEE Heritage Network isSouth East Europe aregion where people coop-

erate,understand and respect each other on the basisof their culturaldifferences.

SEE Heritage isanetwork of non-governmentalorganizationsthat believe in cultural,

ethnicand religiousdiversity asa valuable resource.Te work of SEE Heritage network is

aimed at protectingand promotingour common heritage which isleadingto sustainable

and responsible development.

Te initiativeto establishthe Network wasstarted by the SwedishorganizationCultural

Heritage withoutBorders-CHwB,beinganNGOitself and workingregionallyinthe West-

ernBalkans.After aninitial meetingin Sarajevo (Bosniaand Herzegovina),the Networkheld

sixmore meetings,organized apublicdebate,workshopsand publicpresentations,pub-

lished two bookletsand launched two publicappeals.

Te network nowhas20members non-governmental organizationsfrom SouthEastEu-

rope,thatdeal withor have partof their program activitiesdedicated to the protectionof cul-

tural heritage,aimingto continue developingitscapacityand itsmembership.

Generalactivity areas of the Network include education,conservation,awareness-raising,

management of culturalheritage,research and capacity building.

Trough itsweb portalwww.seeheritage.orgthe SEE Heritage network promotesthe val-

uesand importance of the South East European culturalheritage and presentsallimpor-

tant information and newsrelated to activitiesin heritage field in the SEE region.


basisoftheir culturaldifferences,believingthatcultural,ethnicandreligiousdiversity asavaluableresource.

Te shipyardsinBokaKotorskaBaydate back to the ancienttimes.Itisbelieved thatas early

asatthe time of the Illyrianqueeneutathere had beena shipyard inBokaBaywhere the

Illyrianshad beenbuildingtheir liburnas.Ten,the Greek colonistsused to transfer well

knowndocksand arsenals,like the onesinAthens,Corinth,Syracuse,Ostia,Ravenna,etc.

Te Romanmerchantfleet,then,founded anassociationcalled the Associationof Adriatic

Ship-ownerswithitsbranchesinall importantportsof thattime.All that,coupled withthe

unique geographic positionof BokaKotorskaBaypointsoutto the factthat trade,shipping

industry,thusalso shipbuildingindustryhad beenquite developed back inthe ancienttimes.

Te oldestpreserved writtendocumenttestifiesto the existence of the shipyard atPrevlaka

near ivatalreadyin1361.Kotor shipbuildersare mentioned inalmostall public notary

volumesstartingfrom the 14thcenturyonwards.Tere are shipbuilderslike Branko from

Kotor who buildsbargesand sailingshipsoutof good oak wood,thenRadobrat,master

shipbuilder from Kotor,bothfrom the 14thcentury.Inthe fifteenthcentury,however,Kotor

shipyard buildsall typesof vessels,mostlycaravels,butalso brigantines,cogs,fustas,barksand

manyothers.Some writtendocumentsspecifythe price of the constructionof suchvessels.

Tus,Branko,together withRadi,wasbuildingabark for the price of Perpers226.As

documentsread,the shipyard inKotor wasemployingsome tenmastersand certainnumber

of ancillarystaff.

Beside the Kotor one,the fifteenthcenturyhad witnessed the shipyard atPerastwhichbuilds

differenttypesof vessels.

Tere had beenshipyardsinHercegNovi and other settlementsinBokaKotorskaBayand

thistraditionhasbeenpreserved until the moderntimes,so thatnowadaysthere isashipyard

atBijela,inthe vicinityof HercegNovi,offeringall kindsof servicesto the vessels belonging

to variousmerchantand passenger fleetsof the world,with the tendencyof beingtransformed

into acontemporaryshipyard for the needsof nautical tourism.

Naturally,one cannotavoid mentioningthe Arsenal ativat,whichwasestablished atthe end

of the 19thcentury,duringthe Austrianrule over the area of BokaKotorskaBay.Te Arsenal

doesnotexistanymore.Followingthe wave of privatizationand transition,the Canadian

billionaire Peter Munk purchased the Arsenal intendingto build there one of the most

prestigiousmarinas inthe Mediterranean,whichwill offer all kindsof servicesnecessaryfor

thatbranchof economy,includingservicing,maintenance and eventhe constructionof yachts.

Woodworkers caulkers,shipbuilders,seamen,ship-ownershad formed the membershipof

the Confraternityof Seamenwhichhad itswrittenstatute alreadyin1463-Te Statute of

the Confraternityof SaintNicholasthe Seamanin Kotor.

Shipbuildingtrade led to the flourishingof other crafts,like the manufacturingof ropes.

Tese craftsmenestablished the Confraternityof rope makers.Or,for instance,90master

blacksmithswere active inthe 15thcenturyKotor.Tese had beenof varioustradeswith the

productswhichfound their use inshipbuildingindustry.Tese mastershad mostlybeenof

Slavic descent,comingfrom the immediate surroundingsof the presentdayMontenegrin

littoral,whichistestified by their names:Branko,Stojko,Radovan,Radi,Ratko,Matko,

Gruboje,Radoslav,Radelja,etc.

Numeroussignificantdataonthistopic canbe found in the moveable cultural heritage which

isstored invariousarchives,librariesand museumsof BokaKotorskaBayand Montenegro

asawhole.Knowingthis,itbecomesclear how importantarchival material isfor the study,

renewal,touristexploitationand preservationof peopleshistorical memory,of the memory

of humanactivitieswhichmarked certainhistorical epochs.Terefore,archival and library

materialsneed to be treated withequal attention,justlike everythingelse we term architectural

heritage of mankind.Whatismore,these are and ithasalwaysgot to be anunavoidable

complementarysource for the study,economic valorisation,processionand presentationof

the shipbuildingheritage.Te attentionfor thissegmentof cultural heritage should be even

greater if one bearsin mind the vulnerabilityof the very material.For the more complexprotectionand studyingof the shipbuildingheritage,especiallythe one inthe Adriatic basin,

one should think alongthe line of creatingacommonelectronic database whichwould store

professionallyinserted datafrom archives,librariesand museums.

Te NGONotar Centre for Preservationand Presentationof Kotor Documentary

Heritage hasmade asignificantstepin thatdirectionbyinitiatingthe projectentitled Central

Maritime Catalogue of Montenegro the intentionof whichisto expand and achieve regional

networking.(the DraftProjectcanbe seen online atwww.ckpcg.ac.me)

NOTARCentreforPreservation and Presentation of KotorDocumentaryHeritage, Kotor, Montenegro

The shipyards in

Boka Kotorska Bay

Barkozija(barchosum,barcoxium,barchossium,barcusium,barcussium) - A type ofsailingship with completely covered deck,equipped with twoLatin typesails.

Barka(barcha) - A typeofvessel with partly covered deckatthestern.Ithad onemastequipped with Latin typesail,butwhich alsoused oars.

SNX353Stojkoand Brajko- Kotor shipbuilders,november 1443 On disputebetween ship ownersand caulkersin Kotor 1523

Bokelian Navy 1909,IAKFIOR album 2


basisoftheir culturaldifferences,believingthatcultural,ethnicandreligiousdiversityas avaluableresource.

Albanian HeritageFoundation, Tirana, Albania |author: IlirParangoni|

Albanian Industrial

Heritage

Albaniahashad asignificantindustrial developmentduringthe communistperiod.Te

developingof industryrepresented atthe same time the powerful ideologyof proletarian

dictatorshipwhichinthe other hand reflected also the extraordinaryrelationsbetween

Albaniaand biggestcommunistand developed StatesasSovietUnionand China.Besidesthe

political impactthe industrialisationof the countryduringthistime has also had animpact

onthe environmentaswell asinsociety.Agood example of thisapproachisthatduringthe

constructionof extilesCombine in1950,named Stalinonthe outskirtsof irana,the area

where itwasbuiltcomesto adeep transformation.From amarshyenvironmentthathad

beenatthe beginningitwastransformed to anurban areawithaconsiderable social life and

constructionof accommodationbuilding.

However,after communism fell inthe early1990sfew industriessurvived.Manyof them

due to non-adaptive processtowardsnew requirementsof technologyof trade were closed.

Manyotherswere destroyed bybeingidentified withthe system whichhas produced them;

meantime anew phenomenonbeganemerging.Tisperiod,knownasthe yearsof transition,

led to industrial cities,especiallyirana,aninfluxof people who started to become new owner

of industrial territoriesand forciblychangingthem into residential premises.Tusthe turning

of industrial ambience into residential familybuildingsslowlybeganto change the landscape

of these placesbyshowinga phenomenonof coexistentof obsolete machinery,buildings,

warehouse etc.withresidentsthatcame from rural areas,more prevalentinpost-communist

places.

Whatever,aspartsof anewsocial-economic phenomenon,IndustrialMonumentsare

stillthere provingabout society and itstransformationsover the years.So,naturally when

you have alook closely to these situationsaquestion arises: Isthisthe way to preserve and

to present the historicalevidencesand the heritage of a society?

Posters of SEE Industrial Heritage



Arsenal uTivtupredstavljajednuod prvihpojavaindustrijalizacije napodrujuBoke

Kotorske i znaajandio industrijsko-pomorskog,aposebno vojno-pomorskognasljea

Jadranske regije.Usvom 120godinjem postojanjubio je povezanbrojnim istorijskim,

strunim,politikim,geostratekim i drugim aspektimasaslinim ili istovjetnim institucijama

naobalamaJadranskogi Sredozemnogmorakoje su povezane zajednikom istorijskom

sudbinom.Ouvanje industrijsko-istorijskognasljeaArsenalatrebasagledati ukontekstu

nasljeacijeloggeografskogprostoraJadranskogbasena,svihsusjednihzemalja,i naroito

nasljeaaustrougarskogperioda.Zbogsvoje uloge i znaajaurazvojuTivtai Boke Kotorske

Arsenal predstavljasimbol jedne epohe,mjesto sakojim se identifikujugeneracije njenih

stanovnika.Arsenal je mjesto gdje suse decenijamaljudi izsvih krajevairegregiona

obrazovale zairok spektar strunihi zanatskihznanja,sticale navike organizovanogi

kvalitetnograda,to je zajedno sakontinuiranim prenoenjem znanjai iskustvatokom vie od

jednogvijekapredstavljalo pokretakusnagui uslov razvojapodruja.

Godine 2007.Remontni zavod SavaKovaevi uTivtuprestao je sa radom i krozproces

privatizacije njegovafunkcijase promjenilaumarinuza megajahte pod nazivom Porto

Montenegro.

Valorizacijasauvanognasljea

Sauvano nasljee tivatskogArsenalaimaizuzetnuistorijsku,tehniko-tehnoloku,arhitek-

tonskui memorijalnuvrijednostkoje se ogledajuusnanom duhumjesta.

Ukategorijunematerijalnognasljeaspadajuzanati,vjetine i znanja,obiaji,nainivota,

radai privreivanjakoji sustvorili duhArsenala,akoji sugeneracijamanjegovali i razvijali

stanovnici Tivtai Boke.

Poto je kompleksArsenalakao vojno-mornarikabazaod samognastanka imao

poseban reimbezbjednosne zatite,njegovo nasljee nikadanije naodgovarajuina in

proueno ivrednovano.Zbogtakvogstatusa, niArsenalkao cjelina, niijedan od njegovih

pojedinanih dijelovaiobjekata,nije upisan u Registar spomenikakulture u Crnoj Gori.

Uprkostome,prilikomprve civilne posjete strunjakazaindustrijko nasljee ovom

kompleksu njegove vrijednostisu prepoznate,avrijeme nastankaArsenala,atraktivna

lokacija,njegovitehniko-tehnolokiprocesi,arhitektonskii industrijskiobjektii

predmetinastaliu vrijeme prve pojave industrijalizacije u ovomdijelu Evrope,nesumljivo

gasvrstavaju u nasljee izuzetnih vrijednostikoje se moratititi,ne samo izpravnih

razloga,vei zbogpotovanjanacionalne iregionalne kulture itradicije.

Projektor, Tivat, Montenegro |author: KatarinaNikoli|

Tivat Arsenal

IstorijskirazvojArsenalauTivtumoesepratiti kroztri glavneepohe:

1889-1918- Austro-ugarski period

1918-1941- Period KraljevineSHS/Jugoslavije

1944-2007- Socijalistiki period

Od kraja19.Vijeka(1897.g.) vieod jednogvijekaArsenal jebiopokretakasnagarazvojaTivtai BokeKotorske.Unjemusu

radili i kolovali sevojni pitomci,zanatlijei inenjeri saprostoraitavebiveJugoslavije.Vojnoureenjei uspjenaindustrijaformi-

rali sunain ivotalokalnogstanovnitvakoji karakteriestrunostusloenim zanatskim i inenjerskim poslovima.Arsnal jebio

jedinstvenomjestonaistono-jadranskoj obali nakomesuseobavljalesvefazeprocesaremontaprijesvegavojnih domaih ali i stra-

nih brodovai drugih plovila.

Izgradnjom ArsenalaTivatjedoivljavaopostepenuali korjenitupromjenunainaivotai privreivanjanjegovih stanovnika,

pretvarajui seizpitoresknogidilinogpejzaaumoderni urbani industrijski grad.

NovijaistorijaTivtapoinje1814.godinekadasugaponovoosvojili Austrijanci i vladali svedo1918.godine.Gradnjom pomor-

skogArsenalazaaustrougarskupomorskuflotu- nazvanim ArsenaleFilialeTeodo,1889.godine,stvorili susepreduslovi zapoetak

industrijalizacijeuTivtu.

Uljeto1889.godineoformljenajeupravaDistacoamentokojapoinjeizgradnjupomorskogArsenala.Upravnazgradasagraena

je1898.godine.Neposrednonakon osnivanjapoinjesesaintenzivnom izgradnjom specijalizovanih radionicai pogonaapodiese

i drugi navoz.Godine1900.cijeli prostor Arsenalaograen jevisokim kamenim zidom.NapetapolitikasituacijauEvropi toga

vremenakaoi trkazanaoruanjem uinilajedaArsenal dobijanaznaaju.

Bokokotorski zaliv jepoetkom ISvjetkogratabiobazazadvadesetakratnih brodova,aulaskom Italijeu ratovaj broj sepoveao.

Poetkom 1916.godinepoinjeizgradnjaElektrinecentralezakojujeopremadopremljenaizNjemake.Neposrednonakon toga,

izgradjenesuMainskai Kotlarskaradionicai Livnica.Nataj nain Arsenal jepostaobazasamogunouizvoenjasloenih re-

montnih radova.

Nakon zavretkaISvjetskogratai nakon stvaranjaKraljevineSHS,Pomorski Arsenal uTivtuostaojejedinoovakvopostrojenjena

jugoslovenskoj obali Jadranakojesu1921.godineFrancuzi sveanopredali Ratnoj Mornarici Kraljevini SHS.

Tojeusloviloosamostaljivanje,reorganizacijui modernizacijuArsenala,paje1921.g.otvorenai Mornarikakolakojajevre-

menom preraslauVojno-zanatskukolu.

Modernizacijajezahtevalai adaptacijupostojeih i izgradnjunovih objekata,paje1921. godineosnovanaGraevinskaupravakoja

evremenom preuzeti svegraevinskeradove.Adaptirani su prostori Stolarske,Elektroi Bakrokovakeradionice.Gradnjavelikog

hangaraukomesusmjeteneTokarskai Mehaniarskaradionica,dovrenaje1923.godine.Neposrednonakotoga,izgraenesu

Cjevarskaradionicai Livnica,apotom i Brodoeljeznaradionica.

Napadom Njemakei ItalijenaJugoslavijufaistiketrupesu1941.godinepreuzelevojnukontrolunad Bokom.

Arsenal jebombardovan godine1944.godineod stranesaveznikeavijacije,aneposorednopred povlaenjeNjemci suunitili veliki

dioobjekatai postrojenja.

Izgradnjom socijalizmanakon IISvjetskograta,Tivatjepostaosavremeni grad sanovim ulicama,zgradama,kolamai hotelima.

Njegovarazvoj neraskidivojevezan zarazvoj Mornariko-tehnikogremontnogzavodaSavaKovaevi.

Vremenom,Zavod jerazvioproizvodni program koji jeobuhvataoremontdomaih i stranih ratnih brodova,remontbrodova

trgovakemornarice,proizvodnih sredstavaratnetehnikei protivratnih raketa.PosebnaspecijalnostZavodabiojeremonti

odravanjepodmornica.



Albaniasheritage hasalwaysbeendefined inatop downway: expertswould determine

the listof potential monumentsand after their values would be examined and certified,the

monumentswould be partof the national listof preserved monuments.

Butsomethingcuriousishappening:inthe World Heritage ownof Gjirokastra,(alate

medieval town)foreignvisitorsare expressingtheir interestonthe townscommunistheritage

whichincludesbunkers,(some sayAlbaniahasaround 600000of them scattered around

the nation),bunkerstunnelsable to shelter the leadinginstitutionsinGjirokastra,the Enver

HoxhascommunistdictatorsEnglishbooksand house amongothers.

Tisexpressed interestsintriguedthe GjirokastraConservationand Development

Organization(GCDO),anAlbanianFoundationworkingfor the sustainable development

of Gjirokastrabased atitsheritage.Te main questionwas:canthese never used concrete

buildingsbe considered heritage?Whataboutthe industrial plants/structure thatproduced

thisconcrete bunkers?

Inaddition,thisprocessisnotinitiated neither by the ownersof the building,the community

and itslocal institutions,nor bythe central government,butbyitspotential users the

tourists.o add upto the weightof the question,Gjirokastrahasenoughbuild heritage to be

takencare already,some 600monumental housesand notenoughfunding.

GCDOisendeavoringto give an answer to these questions:from researchingand establishing

whatare the valuesof one of the mostdistinguished communistbuiltdeedsof Gjirokastra,a50room bunker shelter underneaththe GjirokastraCastle,to identifyingwhatthe community

of Gjirokastrathinksaboutthe communisteraand itsconcrete testimoniesand aimingto

build the firstCold War Museum inAlbania.

GjirokastraConservation and DevelopmentOrganization (GCDO), Albania

The Albanian Communist built heritage as

a part of the Albanian Industrial Heritage

Posters of SEE Industrial Heritage


basisoftheir culturaldifferences,believingthatcultural,ethnicandreligiousdiversity asavaluableresource.

Te industrialheritage (of Serbia)givesevidence of the activitieswhich have had and still

have profound historicalconsequences,while the motivesfor researchingand protecting

thisheritage can be based not only on itsuniversalvalue, but also on the specificcharacter

of itsunique sites.Te aimsof researchingthisheritage are to study the materialremains

of old industriesand technologicalprocesses,to consider their wider culturalcontexts,as

wellasto create alasting database.Duringthe research of the industrialheritage of Serbia

an effort hasbeen made to achieve the followingobjectives:to identify asmany industrial

heritage sitesaspossible,both those that have or have not maintained the manufacturing

process;to create archivaland photo-documentation;to establish/enhance international

cooperation asaparticularly suitable approach to industrialheritage preservation;and,

which isthe most complicated and so far hasnot been so successful,to protect important

sitesand buildingsby legal measures.Tese measuresshould be sufficiently strongto

ensure the preservation of importance of these sitesand to stressthe enormousimpact of

industrialization on regionsor cities.

Duringthe fieldwork,ithasbeen ascertained thatalarge number of major industrial facilities

still exist.However,individuallyspeaking,largeindustrial facilitieshave experiencedpartial

or evencomplete change,so to sayrecycling,of their function, so thatsome of them have

become virtuallydestroyed,i.e.their functionand appearance have beengreatlychanged.Tis

observationappliesalso to some minor facilities,aswell asto the sitessituated inzones that

have undergone seriouschangesrecentlydue to major constructiondevelopment,especially

inthe former industrial zonesof Belgrade.Itcanbe assumed thatthe trend of treatingsuch

zonesof major citiesasbrownfieldsor evengreenfieldswill spread to Ni,Kragujevac,Novi

Sad ...Te questionof current interestisthe difference betweenprotectionand functional

maintenance of industrial buildingsand attitudestowardsheritage,wider /and our attitude

towardsbuildingsthatare,today,primarilycharacterised byarchitectural featuresof large-

scale industryintroduced ahundred yearsago or earlier (and evenmodernism, broadly

speaking).Industrial archaeologyisonlyone of the fieldsthat should give ananswer to this

question.

Itisnotpossible to give anoverall estimationof the state of the industrial heritage inSerbia.

Itischaracteristic of larger settlements,especiallyBelgrade,thatalarge number of old

industrial facilitieshave either changed their functionor stopped operating.Tere are casesof

factoriesor facilitiesthathave beenseriously damaged or destroyed.Te state of preservation

of industrial buildingsvariesfrom excellentto rather poor,and evendevastated.Onlyin

extremelyrare cases,some old factories,whichare,in fact,complexesconsistingof five or

more workshopsand/or buildingshave beenthoroughlyrenovated.Almostall facilitiesthat

are partof industrial heritage,whichare still operating,are inaverygood co nditionalthough

sometimeswe cangetanimpressionthattheyare inthe state of neglect,and veryoften,it is

possible to see the buildinginterventionsundertakenover the pastdecadesinorder to ensure

their smoothoperation.Ageneral attitude isthatall facilitiesthatare operatingshould keep

their functionand the protectionmeasuresthatneed to be applied refer primarilyto their

painting,veryrarelyto moisture isolation,and alwaysto emphasizingtheir functional context.

Onlysome of the numeroussitesof the industrial heritage of Serbiaenjoythe statusof

cultural properties.Luckily,alarge number of them are inagood condition,while some are

inthe state of full and continuous operation.Notwithstandingthe above-mentioned status,it

should be said thatthe survivingfactoriesof old textile industry,mainlycomplexescomprising

several buildingssituated onanareaof afew acres, builtbetweenthe late 19thand the first

half of the 20thcentury,generallyor since recentlyhave notor have onlybeenpartlyoperating.

The Industrial

Heritage of SerbiaARCH, Belgrade, Serbia |author: Rifat Kulenovi|

Consequently,partof their original workingprocessand the meansof productionhave been

preserved.Tere are manymechanical millsinVojvodina,inthe surroundingsof Belgrade

and some incentral Serbiathatare still successfully operating.Tese millsare equipped with

the original enginesand theyhave beeninconstanto peration.Similarly,the old irreversible

systemsused bypumpingstations,canalsand drainage systems,aswell as several hydroelectric

power plantsare still inoperation...

Te initiative goingonsince the 1980swithinthe framework of sustainable developmentof

Europe isbased onaninnovative approachto heritage protection.Itsemphasisis onthe fact

thatEuropeansshare unique Europeancultural heritage,whichstrengthensbothindividual

societiesand the EuropeanUnion,and thuspositivelyinfluencesthe social,cultural and

scientific traditionsof all Europeannations.Tere are some examplesof the industrial heritage

of Serbia:

-Hydroelectric power plantVuje,near Leskovac | constructed in1903| inworkingc ondition

| enginesSiemens,AEG

-Hydroelectric power plantSvetaPetka,near Ni| constructed in1908| inworking

condition| enginesSiemens,AEG,Germany

-Hydroelectric power plantGamzigrad,near Zajear | constructed in1909| inworking

condition| enginesSiemens,AEG,Germany

-PumpingstationDubovac,near BelaCrkva| constructed in1910| inworkingcondition|

enginesGanz,Hungary

-Mill Boinovi,Debelicanear Negotin| constructed in1924-26| inworkingco ndition|

enginesJos.ProkopaSynove, CzechRepublic

StaralivnicaKragujevac

AlbatrosSremskaMitrovica

CiglanaBon Kikinda

SeceranaBeograd

ZorkaSubotica

HEGamzigrad.

PivaraZrenjanin

www . s e e h e r i t a g e . o r gSouthEastEuropea(SEE) aregionwherepeoplecooperate,understandandrespect eachother onthe

basisoftheir culturaldifferences,believingthatcultural, ethnicandreligiousdiversityas avaluableresource.

InBosniaand Hercegovina,asa industrial heritage,the Comissionto Preserve NationalMonumentshasdesignated two national monumentsinthe categoryof industrial heritage:

ITe group ofindustrial buildingsof theelectric power stationatHrid (Dudin Hrid) in Sarajevo

Te groupof industrial buildingsconsistsof a)the electric power stationand apparatus

(generators,turbines,controlsand switchgear)and the original toolsfor the maintenance of

the power station,b)aresidential buildingand c) accompanyinginfrastructure systems.

Te propertyisanextremelyrare surviving example of the industrial heritage datingfrom the

Austro-Hungarianperiod inBosniaand Herzegovina,withseveral interestingfeatures:the

Austro-Hungarianauthoritiesdecided to build anelectric power stationatHrid justbefore

the outbreak of World War I,and itwasbuiltduring and beganoperatingatthe end of the

war.Itwasused notonly for productionof electrical power,also for providingthe cityof

Sarajevo withpotable water.

Te worldsfirstelectric power stationwasbuiltinNew York (New Jersey)in1882,so that

the constructionof asteam-powered electric power stationatHisetaby the Miljackain1895

and of the hydro power stationatHrid in1913-1917putSarajevo onanequal footingwith

other world capitalsof the day.

IIProduction ofsaltin uzla,the industrial heritage

National monumentProductionof saltinuzla consistsof three components:

1. Old SaltPansKrekawithits chimney,workshopsand warehouse of rare materials,

Museum of Saltwithintangible heritage,

2. Saltwellswithwater pipe and pumpterminal onBori hill

3. Saltwellsfrom Ottomanperiod

Saltproductioninuzlaisongoingfrom Neolittill now.Old SaltPanswithSaltf actorywas

built 1950s,while firstsaltwellsused for saltingoutwater are builtbyOttomans1474.Te

original saltwell from thatperiod issituated atthe Saltsquare (Solni trg)whichgotits name

bysaltdepositsused for takingoutsaltand saltproductionatthatplace.ownuzlagotits

name acoringthe urkishword UZ=salt.

Withthe arrival of the Ottomansin1460, saltproductionmodernized increased fivefold so

the townbeganto gaininimportance.Saltproductionand the gained profitwere the key

factorsfor establishinguzlaasatown.

uzlasaltproductionwasrecognized evenoutside BH borders.Inthe 17thcenturythe

FrenchKingLouisXIVwas supplyinghispalace withthe saltfrom uzlathroughhistraders

and in1876Bosnianregiondemonstrated itssalt productiononthe International rade Fair

inPhiladelphia.

UponAustro-Hungarianannexationof BiH,the firstSaltFactory,builtin1885in Simin

Han(the suburb of uzla),represented the beginningof the industrial saltproduction.Te

old SaltFactoryfrom 1885inKreka,saltwell from 1477on the Soni rgand the complexof

saltwellswithwater pipe and pumpterminal onBori hill are the firstsites beendesignated as

anational monumentsinthe categoryof industrial heritage.Te museum of saltproductionoperatingwithinthe SaltFactorypossessesphotographic documentationand objectsthat

confirm the longhistoryof saltproductioninuzla.

However,the followingsites,whichare partof historical-industrial heritage of uzla,are also

considered to have certaintourism potential.

(* Sources:Comission toPreserveNational MonumentsofBosniaand Hercegovina)

Cultural HeritagewithoutBorders, Regional ofce, Bosniaand Hercegovina

Industrial Heritage

in Bosnia and

HercegovinaCultural HeritagewithoutBorders, Regional ofce, Bosniaand Hercegovina

www seeheritage org South Eas European Heitage Network


10/11


SouthEast Europe(SEE)8regionwherepeoplecooperate,

understandandrespect eachotheron

thebasis of theirculturaldifferences.

www.seeheritage.org

FinancedbyCHwBthrough SIDA

www.seeheritage.org

SouthEast Europe(SEE)8regionwherepeoplecooperate, understandandrespect eachother

onthebasisof theirculturaldifferences, believingthat cultural,ethnicandreligiousdiversityisavaluableresource.

www.seeheritage.org

SEE Heritage NetworkINFOVol. I, Issue1, January-April 2011

Ourvision: SouthEast Europe

(SEE)regionw herepeople

cooperate, understandandrespect

eachotheronthe basisof their

culturaldifferences, believingthat cultural, ethnicandreligious

diversityisa valuableresource.

Ourmission: weworkt owards

protectingandpromotingthe

commonculturalheritagewiththe

aimof encouragingsustainable

development of theregion

STUDYTOUR:Thecontribution ofcivil societyto the

preservation ofcultural heritage

Representativesofthe SEE Heritage

NetworkmembersGjirokastra Conservation

andDevelopment Organization(Albania),

Expeditio(Montenegro)andSuburbium

(Serbia),the CHwB Regional Ofce in

Pristina,andSEE Heritage Secretary,took

part inthe People topeople (P2P)studytour

inBrussels(Belgium)on 29March 1April

2011.The meetingwasorganizedbythe

EuropeanCommission,DGEnlargement.The aim ofthe studytourwasto

introduce tothe participantsthe EUpoliciesandprogrammesrelatedtocultural

heritage,andtooffer them exchange andnetworkingopportunitiesamong

themselvesandwithotherEuropean-level civil societyorganisationsactive in

thiseld.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TheHeadleyTrustsupportsSEE HeritageNetworkSecretariat

The UKbasedfoundation,HeadleyTrust,will support the

activitiesofthe SEE Heritage

networkSecretariat inthe

periodof2 years.The HTBoard

agreedtogive institutional

support tothe Secretariat with

anaim toenable efcient work

ofthe SEE Heritage network

andtocontribute tomore

successful work& fulllment

ofthe missionsofits members,

contributingtoprotectionand

promotionofthe cultural heritage

inthe region.The grant will

be usedforthe workof the

Secretariat ofce,maintaining

communicationwiththe

members,technical maintenance

ofthe website,organizingoftwo

networkmeetings(in2011and

2012)aswell asfor PR activities

(SEE Heritage calendar,leaet

andreport).

Thankyoufor devotingyourtime toreadthis Newsletter!!!Questionsor comments? E-mail usat [email protected] ,or call +382323025 20

www.seeheritage.org

SEE HeritageCalendar2011

The newSEE Heritage Calendarfor2011is alreadyon

yourdesks,illustratingthe reachheritage ofourregion.

We wouldlike thanktoourfriendsand memberswho

sent ustheirphotosfor the Calendar,althoughnot all

ofthem couldbe usedforthisversionof the Calendar.

However,we enjoyedphotosandwill keepthem inour

data base.

SEE HeritageNetworkAssociatememberof theCSEProject

SEE Heritage Networkbecame anassociate memberofthe project Civil So-cietyEngagement incommunitybuildingthroughthe understanding,develop-

ment,management andpreservationofthe built cultural heritage of theWest-

ernBalkans CSEinHeritage,supportedbythe EuropeanCommissionDG

Enlargement underthe IPA2009Civil SocietyFacility Multi-beneciary

ProgrammesSupport to PartnershipActionsbetweenCultural Organizations.

The project isimplementedbythe EUand WesternBalkanNGOs: Transilvania

Trust (Romania)asproject leader,Europa Nostra Netherlands,Cultural Heri -

tage without Borders(Sweden),EXPEDITIO(Montenegro),Europa Nostra

Serbia,andEmancipimi Civil Ma Ndryshe (Kosovo).

Itsoverall objective isto strengthenthe role ofcivil society/cultural operatorsin

raisingawarenessofthe value of the built cultural heritage insocietybuilding

andcommunitydevelopment.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sout hEast Eur ope(SEE)8r egionw her epeoplecooperate, understandandrespect eachother

ont hebasisof t heir culturaldif f erences, believingt hat cult ural,ethnicandr eli giousdiversityi savaluabler esour ce.

www.seeheritage.org

Calendars

The SEE Heritage Network

cooperates with:

Europa Nostra

European Commission-P2PProgramme

Quebec-Labrador Foundation

(QLF), Canada

Is an Associate partner in the

CSE in Heritage Project funded

by the European Comission

E-newsletter Presentation by Adrienne Blattel from QLF

So far the SEE Heritage Network meetings and activities have been nanced by:

CHwB through funds provided by Sida

Open Society Institute (The East- East: Partnership Beyond Borders Program)via

the Foundation Open Society Macedonia and the Foundation Open Society Institute,

Representative Ofce in Montenegro

The work of the SEE Heritage Network and its Secretariat is nancially supported by the

Headley Trust, United Kingdom, and Sida, Sweden


11/11

SEE Heritage Network SecretariatP.O.Box 85kaljari bb, 85330 KotorMontenegro

t. +382 32 302 520f. +382 32 302 521m. + 382 69 773 890

[email protected]@seeheritage.org

www. seeheritage.org

see heritage brochure

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