secured, but still poor: a comparative analysis of the...
TRANSCRIPT
Secured, but still poor: A comparative analysis of the formalisation of land rights in Namibia
27 January 2016
Why do we want to secure land rights?
• 1990: Start of a comprehensive land reform process
• National Conference on Land Reform and the Land Question, 1991
• Land Conference resulted in land policy development
• Agricultural (Commercial) Land Reform Act, 1995
• National Resettlement Policy, 1997
• National Land Policy, 1998
• Communal Land Reform Act (CLRA), 2002
• The National Conference on Land Reform and the Land Question, 1991
• Consultative Conference on Customary Law, Ongwediva 1993
• People’s Land Conference, Mariental 1994
• Consultative Conference on Communal Land Administration, 1996
Land on the continental and international agenda
What can we learn from Namibia?
Omusati Kavango Otjozondjupa Hardap
Total population 243,166 223,352 143,903 79,507
Population density
(persons/km²)
9.1 4.6 1.4 0.7
Cultural group Ovambo Kavango Herero Nama
Main language Oshiwambo Kavango Herero Khoekhoegowab
Land uses (small-scale
agriculture on communal
land)
Crop and Large
Livestock
Crop and Large
Livestock
Large and Small
Livestock
Small Livestock
Average annual rainfall (mm) 400-450 500-550 400-450 150-200
Total number of registered
communal land parcels (Oct.
2014)
21,261 0 2,647 1,426
Total number of expected
communal land parcels to be
registered
54,000 47,000 5,000 2,000
Percentage of total already
registered
40% 0 53% 71%
Region Parcel density per km²
Kavango n/a
Omusati 28
Hardap 1.4Otjizondjupa 1.8
Omusati Region
Otjozondjupa Region
Hardap Region
Main income on communal farms
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Kavango Omusati Hardap Otjizondjupa
Registered for a land right?
Yes No
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Brick Expansion and Maintenance
Registration vs. intended investment in housing structures
Registered Not registered
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Plans to develop No plans to develop right now
Registration vs. plans to develop farming operations
Registered Not registered
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Yes No
Is the decision to take a loan based on having a land right?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Yes No
Does having a land right influence decision to invest in farm?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Kavango Omusati Hardap Otjizondjupa Total
Proof of permission
Written Verbal No proof
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Kavango Omusati Hardap Otjizondjupa Total
Fear of land being taken away
Yes No
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Kavango Omusati Hardap Otjizondjupa Total
Do you trust your TA more than Govt?
Yes No Equally
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Kavango Omusati Hardap Otjizondjupa Total
Can your TA protect your land rights more than Govt can?
Yes No Equally
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Safer Same
Do you feel safer on your land after obtaining a land right?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Male Female
Do you feel safer on your land after obtaining a land right?
The lessons for change are….?
