section b 09.doc

Science SPM: Paper 2 Section B 100

SECTION B

In this section the students will be tested on their knowledge and understanding. The students can get the answer from the stimulus of the question explicitly. CHAPTER 2 : BODY COORDINATION

1 Figure 1 shows an impulse pathway when a student accidentally touches a hot pot.

FIGURE 1

(a) Name P, Q and R in the boxes provided in figure 1. [3 marks]

(b) What happens to R when the student accidentally touches the hot pot?

………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(c) (i) What type of action is involved in (b)?

………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) Which part of the nervous system controls the action in (c)(i)?

………………………………………………………………………………[2 marks]


2 Figure 2 shows the endocrine system of man.

FIGURE 2

(a) (i) Name gland R.

…………………………...…………………………………………………[1 mark]

(ii) What will happen to the man if gland R secretes less hormone?

……………………………………………………………………………...[1 mark]

(b) (i) Name gland S.

………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(ii) State one function of the hormone secreted by gland S.

………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

3. Diagram 5 shows a stretch receptor in human muscle.


(a) Name structure P in the box provided in Diagram 5. . (b) State one part of the human body other than at a muscle, in which a

stretch receptor can be found. ______________________________________________________ (c) State two functions of a stretch receptor.

1. _______________________________________________________

2. _______________________________________________________

(d) Mark (/) the activities that involved a stretch receptor.

CHAPTER 3 : HEREDITY AND VARIATION


1. Figure 1 shows the types of ear lobes that can be inherited by a child from his or her parents.

(a) Name the types of variation shown in Figure 1.

……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(b) Give another example of the same type of variation mentioned in (a).

……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(c) What factor influences the above variation?

……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(d) Write down each child’s pair of genes in the boxes provided in Figure 1. [2 marks]

(e) Based on Figure 1, which type of ear lobe is dominant?

……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

2. Haemophilia is a hereditary disorder controlled by a sex-linked by a recessive gene. The blood of a haemophilia patient clots very slowly. Use the symbols H to represent the gene responsible for normal clotting of blood and h to represent the gene responsible for haemophilia.

(a) One possible genotype for a woman is XHXH. Write down all other possible genotypes for women and men.

Childdd

Free earlobes


Women: …………………………………………………………………………

Men:……………………………….……………………………………………

[2 marks]

(b) The pedigree (family tree) in below figure shows how haemophilia has been inherited in the family.

What are the genotypes of Mr. Lee and Mrs. Lee?

Mr. Lee: ………………………………………………………………….

Mrs. Lee: ………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]

(b) What is the probability that Rachel suffers from haemophilia?

Probability:………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]

3 . Diagram 6 shows a process of cell division. Chromosomes at stage Q are not shown.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan suatu proses pembahagian sel. Kromosom pada peringkat Q tidak ditunjukkan.


(a) (i) Name the type of process shown in Diagram 6. ......................................................................................... ii. State the importance of the process in 6(a) (i).

…………………………………………………………. b.(i) During stage R, the chromosomes line up on the equator. What happens to the chromosomes during this stage? ……………………………………………………………. (ii) What is the effect of the process in 6(b)(i) on the offspring?

…………………………………………………….


(c) In Diagram 6. draw the chromosomes at stage Q. .

(c) How many daughter cells are produced at the end of Division II in Diagram 6?

…………………………………………………………………………

CHAPTER 4 : MATTER AND SUBSTANCES

1.

Figure 1

Figure 1 above shows a periodic table which is not complete.

(a) How are the elements in the periodic table arranged?

…………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(b) State the changes of the type of elements from R to W in the periodic table.

………………………………………………………………………..…………… [1 mark]

(c) Q, R, W, X and Y represent certain elements. Based on the periodic table above

(i) State the type of element X

……………………………………………………………………...………… [1 mark]

(ii) State an element which has the highest proton number.

……………………………………………………………...…………………


[1 mark](d) Element Q is an isotope with nucleon number 13 and proton number 6.

(i) State the number of electron in isotope element Q ……………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark] (ii) State the number of neutrons in isotope Q

……………………………………………………………………………….. .[1 mark]

2. Matter can exist in three forms that is solid, liquid and gas.

(a) In the squares given, draw the arrangement of particles for matter in the form of solid, liquid and gas.

[3 marks]

Solid Liquid Gas

(b) What are the differences in the attraction force between the particles in a solid and a liquid.

………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 marks]

(c) During the melting process, the temperature does not increase even though there is continuous heating is done. What happens to the heat that is supplied?

…………………………………………………………………………………… [1 marks]

(d) (i) Name the process where solid changes directly to gas.

…………………………………………………………………………………… [1 marks]

(ii) Give one example of a chemical that goes through the process in d(i).

………………………………………………………………………………….


[1 marks]

3. Study Table 1 below carefully. It shows the proton number, nucleon number of the atom K, L, M and N.

Table 1

(a) Complete Table 1. [3 marks]

(b) Explain the meaning of isotope.

…………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]

(c) Based on table, which pair are isotopes?

……………….……………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]

(d) What is the meaning of proton number ?

……………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

4. Figure 2 shows the graph on temperature against time for a heating process in substance X.

Atom Proton Number

Nucleon Number

Number of Electrons

Number of Neutrons

K 5 11 5 6L 6 12 6M 6 6 7N 8 17 8


(a) State the physical state of substance X in stages

(i) PQ:………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) QR: ……………………………………………………………..…………..

(iii) ST:……………………………………………………………..……………

(iv) TU: ………………………………………………………...……………….

[4 marks]

(b) Name the process of physical changes at stage

(i) QR : ………………………………………………….……………………..

(ii) ST : …………………………………………………..……………………..

[2 marks]

CHAPTER 5 : ENERGY AND CHEMICALS CHANGES

1. Figure 1 shows a simple cell which can be used to produce electrical energy.

Figure 1

(a) Label the negative electrode and positive electrode of the cell in figure 1.[2 marks]

(b) Suggest a suitable substance which can be used as the solution.

……………………………………………………………………………………....[1 mark]

(c) Show the direction of the electrons flow in box Z with arrow marks ().


[1 mark]

(d) State the energy change occurring in the cell.

………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(e) Give one example of a chemical cell that is used in everyday life.

………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

CHAPTER 6 : NUCLEAR ENERGY

1. Figure 1 shows radioactive rays in an electric field.

Figure 1

(a) Fill in the boxes in Diagram 1 using the following terms.

[2 marks](b) Why does ray Q not deflect?

………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

Negative plate

Radioactive substance

Positive plate

Ray P:

Ray Q:

Ray R:

Alpha Beta Gamma


Carbon-12 Carbon-13 Carbon-14 Uranium-235

Table 1

(c) (i) In Table 1, mark with a (√ ) the examples of radioisotopes.[2 marks]

(ii) Based on Table 1, which radioisotope is used to determine the age of ancient bones?

…………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

2. Diagram 6 shows the use of a radioactive substance in food preservation..

(a) State the function of gamma radiation in this process. Nyatakan fungsi sinaran gama di dalam proses ini. ______________________________________________________

(b) State two uses of gamma radiation other than food preservation. Nyatakan dua kegunaan sinaran gama selain daripada pengawetan makanan. 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________


(c) Name one material which can stop gamma radiation. _______________________________________________________ (d) State two dangerous effects of gamma radiation to human beings. 1. _______________________________________________________ 2. _______________________________________________________

3 . Diagram 5.1 shows a process that occurs in the nucleus of radioactive substance.

(a) (i) What is process X in Diagram 5.1? .................................................................................................. (ii) Name particle Q and particle R in Diagram 5.1 Particle Q / Zarah Q: …………………………………………


Particle R / Zarah R: ………………………………………..

(b) Diagram 5.2 shows the flow of the process of generating electrical energy from nuclear energy.

(i) What is the radioactive element used in reactor Y? ................................................................................................. (ii) Name the process which produces heat energy in reactor Y. ...........................................................................................................

(c) Complete Diagram 5.3 to show the energy changes which take place in diagram 5.2.

Lengkapkan Rajah 5.3 untuk menunjukkan perubahan tenaga yang berlaku pada Rajah 5.2.


CHAPTER 7 : LIGHT, COLOUR AND SIGHT

1. Figure 1 shows an arrangement of apparatus to study the formation of a spectrum

X P

Q

(a) (i) What happens to the white light at X?

...………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(ii) Give a reason for your answer to a (i)

……………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(b) (i) How many colours can be observed from P to Q ? …………...………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark] (ii) Write down the colours as seen from P to Q.

……..……………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

(c) (i) name a natural phenomenon where a spectrum can be seen.

….………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark ]

(ii) Explain how is it happens?

……………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………

White screen

Glass prism

Ray box

White light


.[1 mark ]

Pinhole camera

Object Screen

. Figure 2

Figure 2 shows an experiment to study the characteristic of image formed in a pinhole camera.

(a) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image by the pinhole camera. [ 2 marks]

(b) State two characteristic of the image formed on the screen of the pinhole camera.

……………………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]

(c) State the effect on the image if the pinhole camera is moved further away from the object.

……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(d) State the effect of putting a convex lens in front of the pinhole.

………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(e) State the effect of increasing the size of the pin hole .

…..………………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]


CHAPTER 8 : CHEMICALS IN INDUSTRY 1

Figure 1

(a) What are gases P and Q?

Gas P....................................................

Gas Q..................................................... [2 marks]

(b) (i) Name the process shown in the figure above? ……….………………………………………………………………………..

.[1 mark]

(ii) Write a word equation to show the process

………...………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

(c) What are the function of iron in this process?

…………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(d) In industry liquid X is used to react with carbon dioxide gas to form a fertilizer. Name the fertilizer.

…………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

Gas Q

Temperature 500 oC Pressure 200 atm Catalyst Iron

ammonia gas

Liquid X

Gas P


CHAPTER 9 : MICROORGANISMS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON LIVING THINGS

1. The graph shows concentration of antibodies in the blood versus time in BCG vaccination.

(a) What is a vaccine ?

………………...…………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(b) What type of immunity is given through vaccination ?

………………………………………..……………………………………………. [1

mark]

(c) Why is a second injection given after 6 years ? ……………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………... [2 marks]

First injection Second injection

3 6 9 12 15

Time (years)

The concentration of antibodies in the blood

Level of immunity


(d) A baby who has not been given the BCG injection may get infected disease. What disease is it and why this baby infected ?

….……………………………………………………………………………… …….…………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]

2. Figure 4 shows the life cycle of an Anopheles mosquito.

(a) State the names of stages P and Q of the Anopheles mosquito.

(i) Stage P :…………………………………………..[1 mark]

(ii) Stage Q :…………………………………………..[1 mark]

(b) Why is the female Anopheles mosquito considered a vector ? ……………………………………………………………………………………

……………............................................................................................................[1 mark]

(c) (i) State the type of microorganism which is spread by the female Anopheles mosquito.

…………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(ii) Name the disease caused by the microorganism in ( c ) (i)

……...………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]

(d) State one way to control this mosquito at the stages of the egg, P and Q.

……..………………………………………………………………………………


[1 mark]

CHAPTER 10 : NUTRITION AND FOOD PRODUCTION

1 Diagram 1 shows the energy requirements of males and females.

(a) (i) Based on the graph in Diagram 1, state one factors that affect the calories requirement of an individual.

………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(ii) State one other factor that affect the calories requirement of an individual.

………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(b) Why male teenagers require more calories compare to male adults?

…………………………………………………………………………........[1 mark]

(c) Suggest a class of food that is needed by the male teenagers.

………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(d) Estimate the amount of calories that is needed by the pregnant women.

………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(e) What may happen to a female teenager if food is taken in excess?

………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

5000

10000

15000

20000

Male(Teenagers)

Female(Teenagers)

Male(Adults)

Time (Day)

Energy (kJ)


CHAPTER 11 : PRESERVATION AND CONSERVATION OF THE ENVIROMENT

1 Figure 1 shows an environmental phenomenon.

FIGURE 1

(a) What is the main role of the ozone layer?

………...………………………………………………………………………...[1 mark]

(b) Name one substance that causes the thinning of the ozone layer.

…...……………………………………………………………………………...[1 mark]

(c) Give two negative effects of the thinning of the ozone layer.

…..……………………………………………………………………………...

…..……………………………………………………………………………...[2 marks]

(d) Suggest two way to reduce the thinning of the ozone layer.

…..……………………………………………………………………………...

…..……………………………………………………………………………...[2 marks]


CHAPTER 12 : CARBON COMPOUND

1. Figure 1 shows an extraction process of a type of oil in a laboratory.

(a) On Figure 1, name stage X. [1 mark]

(b) At what stage are microorganisms in the oil palm fruit destroyed?

………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(c) In the industrial production of the oil, name the stage after the filtration stage.

……………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(d) (i) What is M?

……….…………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]

(ii) Name one vitamin found in M.

……..……………………………………………………………………….


[1 mark]

(e) Figure 2 shows parts of an oil palm fruit.

Figure 2

Circle the label to show the part of the oil palm fruit that produces a lot of substance M.

[1 mark]

2. Figure 2 show the structure of latex molecules before and after acetic acid is added.

Figure 2

(a) What is the ionic charge of the latex molecules?

…………………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]

(b) What happens to the latex molecules when acetic acid is added?


……………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]

(c) Name the acid that can be used in this process (b). ……………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark] (d) Name one solution that can prevent latex from coagulating. …………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark] (e) What happens to the latex when it is kept for sometime and why? ……………………………………………………………………………….

.[1 mark]

3.. Diagram 7.1 shows two examples of carbon compounds, P and Q. a. (i ) Based on Diagram 7.1, which is an inorganic carbon compound?

……………………………………………………………………………….

( ii) State one characteristic of an inorganic carbon compound. ............................................................................................................................ b.( i ) State one use of compound P. ………………………………………………………………………………. ( ii ) State one effect of compound P on the nervous system if consumed excessively.


…………………………………………………………………………. (c) Diagram 7.2 shows a tank containing gas R used for gas stoves. Gas R is a hydrocarbon compound.

(i) State two elements present in gas R. 1. …………………………………………………………………………….... 2. ……………………………………………………………………………… (ii) State one source of gas R. ..........................................................................................................................

CHAPTER 13 : MOTION

1. Figure below shows a stack of three boxes. Box Y is knocked out of the stack.

(a) (i) What happen to box X ?

Force

Box X

Box Y

Box Z


…………………….………………………………………………………………..[1 mark].

(ii) Explain what your answer in a (i)

…………..…………………………………………………………………………..

……………..………………………………………………………………………..[2 marks]

(b) Name the principle applied in this situation.

…….………………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

(c) State one example of the principle named in (b).

………………………………………………………...……………………………[1 mark]

2. Figure 1 shows Bernoulli’s tube.

(a) Draw in figure above the water level in each capillary tube. (1 mark]

(b) What is the relationship between the velocity of a liquid and the pressure produced ?

……………………..………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(c) Which capillary tube has the greatest pressure ?

…………………………………..…………………………………………………[1 mark]

(d) Figure 2 shows a modified Bernoulli’s tube.

Figure 2

Figure 1


(i) Draw the water level in the capillary tubes in Figure 2. [1 mark]

(ii) Which capillary tube has the lowest water level.

……………………………………………………………. [1 mark]

(iii) Give a reason for your answer in (d ) (ii)……………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]

CHAPTER 14 : FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND PRODUCTION

1 Figure 1 shows a food lable on a bottle of chilli sauce.

(a) Based on the Food

Act 1983 and the Food Regulation 1985 state two information that are missing from the food label.

…………………..…………………………………………………………………

…………………..…………………………………………………………………[2 marks]

(b) The phrase “ MSG added” is given on the food label.

(i) What does “ MSG “ stand for?

……………...………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(ii) What is the function of MSG in the food processing.

MSG added


…………………...………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]

(c) Give one reason for the importance of reading food labels carefully.

…………...………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]

(d) State the aim of food processing. ………….………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]

2. Diagram 8 shows foods that have been processed through three different methods.

(a) Write down the food processing methods, J, K and L, in the boxes provided in Diagram 8.

(b) What happens to the water content in the food that has been processed through method J?

…………………………………………………………………………

(c) The food is heated at 1210C during the process in method K. What is the purpose of the heating?

………………………………………………………………………………. (d) Fresh milk is heated for 30 minutes in method L. What is the temperature used?


………………………. o C

3. Diagram 8 shows a labelled container of a processed food.

(a) Based on Diagram 8, identify two chemicals written on the label. 1. _______________________________________________________________

. 2. _______________________________________________________________

(b) Based on the label in Diagram 8, which chemical is used as a preservative?

___________________________________________________________ (c) Name the method of food processing used in Diagram 8. __________________________________________________________


(d) What other information should be written on the label in Diagram 8 according to Food Regulations 1985?

Give two answers. 1. _______________________________________________________ 2._______________________________________________________

CHAPTER 15 : SYNTHETIC MATERIAL IN INDUSTRY

1. Figure 1 shows the molecular structure of a thermoset.

(a) (i) Relate one characteristics of a thermoset that is related to its molecular structure.

………………………………………………………………………...……………[1 mark]

(ii) State a reason for your answer in (a)(i).

…………………...…………………………………………………………………[2 marks]

(b) Name two examples of thermoset.

…………………….………………………………………………………………..

……………………….……………………………………………………………..

[2marks]

Figure 1


(c) State another characteristics of thermoset.

………………………………………………………...……………………………[1mark]

(d) Can the thermoset be recycles?

………...……………………………………………………………………………[1mark]

2. Figure 2 shows the processes involved in the production of different types of items from latex.

(a) X is a synthetic polymer that has some characteristics of natural rubber.(i) What is X?

……………………………………………………………..…………….[1mark]

(ii) Name two complex of X.

………………………………………………….………….……………

…………………………………………………………………………..[2marks]

(b) State two differences between natural rubber and X. ………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………….[2marks]

(c) Give other uses of natural rubber and X.

(i) Natural rubber : ……………………………………...……………………..

Figure 2


(ii) X : …………………………………………………………………………..[2marks]

3. Figure 3 shows improper disposal of plastics in an area.

(a) State two effects of improper plastics disposal on the area.

1. ……………………………………………………………………

2. ……………………………………………………………………[2marks]

(b) What is the effect of the burning of plastic on the environment?

……………………………………………………………………………………[1mark]

(c) What should the people living in this area do about the plastics wastes?

………………………………………………………………………………….[1mark]

(d) Suggest two good habits we should practice in disposing of synthetic polymers.

1. ……………………………………………………………………………

2. ……………………………………………………………………………

Figure 3


4. Diagram 9 shows containers which are made of a type of synthetic polymer.

(a) Name the type of the synthetic polymer shown in Diagram 9. _____________________________________________________ (b) State two characteristics of the synthetic polymer in Diagram 9. 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________

(c ) What is the effect of improper disposal of the synthetic polymer in Diagram 9 on the environment? ___________________________________________________________ (d ) State two correct ways to dispose of the synthetic polymer in Diagram 9 to

preserve the environment.


1. ____________________________________________________ 2. ____________________________________________________

CHAPTER 16 : ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION AND COMMUNATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)

1. Figure below shows a simple radio receiver circuit.

(a) (i) Complete the circuit in the figure above by drawing the symbol for a diode

(ii) State the function of the diode.

…………..……………………………………………………………………….[2marks]

(b) (i) What component is represented by M?

…….…………………………………………………………………………….. (ii) What is the function of M?

……..…………………………………………………………………………….[2marks]

(c) State the energy change that occurs at the loud speaker.

……………………………………………………………………………………[1mark]


2 . Diagram 9.1 shows three satellites used in a satellite communication system.

(a) Name the type of wave used in a satellite communication system. ……………………………………………………………………………….. (b) State two reasons why three satellites are needed in transmitting information.

1. …………………………………………………………………………...

2. …………………………………………………………………………..


(c) Diagram 9.2 shows two types of wave in a radio communication system.

(i) Draw wave M in the box provided in Diagram 9.2.

(ii) What is the process involved to produce wave M?

.....................................................................................................................

(iii) Name the equipment used in 9(c) (ii). ………………………………………………………………............................. .

section b 09.doc

Documents

mark b i

mark c i

marks2 figure

b state

marks b

d mark

mark d

body coordination1 figure