section 6, chapter 15: systemic arteries
DESCRIPTION
systemic blood vesselsTRANSCRIPT
systemic arteries
Section 6, chapter 15
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• Aorta - Main trunk of the systemic circulation.
• Divisions of the aorta• Aortic root = attachment to heart
• Ascending Aorta
• Aortic arch
• Thoracic aorta
• Abdominal aorta
Arterial Divisions
1. Aortic Valve
2. Aortic Sinus - Swelling at aortic root
3. Aortic Bodies• Chemoreceptors - monitor CO2 & O2 levels in blood
4. Right and left coronary arteries
Structures at the aortic root
Right Coronary Artery branches• Posterior interventricular artery:
• supplies walls of both ventricles
• Marginal artery:• supplies right atrium and right ventricle
Coronary Arteries
Left Coronary Artery branches• Anterior interventricular artery:
• supplies walls of both ventricles
• Circumflex Artery:• supplies left atrium and left ventricle
Blocked coronary artery = myocardial infarction
1. Brachiocephalic artery • Right common carotid artery:
supplies right neck and head
• Right subclavian artery: supplies right arm
2. Left common carotid artery • supplies left neck and head
3. Left subclavian artery • Supplies left arm
Branches of Aortic Arch
Branches of Thoracic Aorta
Grant’s Anatomy. Branches of the thoracic aorta
1. Bronchial Arteries – supplies bronchi
2. Pericardial artery – supplies pericardium
3. Esophageal arteries – supplies esophagus
Branches of Abdominal AortaPhrenic arteries
• supply diaphragm
Celiac Trunk 1. Gastric a. - supply stomach2. Splenic a. – supply spleen & pancreas3. Hepatic a. – supplies liver with O2 blood
Superior Mesenteric a. • Supplies small intestine
Suprarenal a.• Supplies adrenal glands
Branches of Abdominal Aorta
Gonadal arteries. • Male = testicular arteries• Female = Ovarian arteries
Renal arteries• Supplies kidneys
Lumbar arteries• Supplies skin and muscles of lower back
Inferior mesenteric artery• Supplies most of large intestine
Divisions of Common Carotid Arteries
1. External Carotid Arteries• Supplies blood to
face, neck, and scalp
2. Internal Carotid Arteries• Supplies blood to brain
• Provides 75% of blood to brain
Carotid Sinus - point of bifurcation• Carotid bodies – chemoreceptors• Carotid baroreceptors• Common site of stenosis (narrowing)
Arteries to the Brain, Head, and Neck
Branches of Internal Carotid Artery
1. Ophthalmic artery• supplies eyes
2. Anterior cerebral artery • supplies medial surface of brain
3. Middle cerebral artery • Supplies lateral surface of brain
Internal carotid arteries
Arteries to the Brain, Head, and Neck
Vertebral Arteries• Provides 25% of blood supply to brain
• Branch from subclavian arteries
• Pass through transverse foramen of cervical vertebrae
• Enter skull through foramen magnum
Arteries to the Brain, Head, and Neck
Basilar Artery• Both vertebral arteries merge to form a
basilar artery at the base of the brain.
• Supplies blood to brainstem
• Branch: Posterior cerebral artery• Supplies occipital and temporal lobes
Arteries to the Brain, Head, and Neck
Cerebral Arterial Circle (Circle of Willis)• Joins the internal carotid arteries with basilar artery at base of brain
• Provides anastomoses (alternate routes) for blood flow
Arteries to the Brain, Head, and Neck
Arteries to the Shoulder and Upper
LimbAxillary Artery
• Arises from subclavian artery
Brachial Artery • Continuation of axillary artery• Used for measuring blood pressure
Ulnar Artery• Continues along medial arm to wrist
Radial Artery • Continues along lateral arm
to wrist
• Convenient vessel for taking your pulse
Veins that drain the head and neck
Dural Venous Sinuses• Located between 2 layers of dura mater• Major CSF draining pathway from brain
Internal Jugular Veins• Drains blood from brain and deep face• Arise from dural sinuses
External Jugular Veins• Drains blood from face, scalp, and neck
Veins that drain the arm
Ulnar & Radial Veins • drain forearm and hands• Merge for form brachial veins
Basilic Vein• Located on medial aspect of arm• Joins the brachial vein near the axilla
Cephalic Vein• Courses upward on the lateral arm• Joins axillary vein to form subclavian vein
Axillary Vein• Formed from the merging of basilic and
brachial veins
Median Cubital Vein• Joins basilic and cephalic veins at elbow• Often the site of venipuncture
Hepatic Portal System
Portal System – drains blood from one capillary bed into a second capillary bed.
Hepatic Portal Vein (HPV)• Carries nutrient rich blood
from abdominal viscera to the liver for processing
Hepatic Portal SystemTributaries of Hepatic Portal Vein
• Gastric vein – blood from stomach
• Splenic vein – blood from spleen & pancreas
• Superior mesenteric vein – blood from small intestine
• Inferior mesenteric vein – blood from large intestine
Abdominal Sinusoids Inferiorviscera HPV of Liver Hepatic Vein Vena Cava heart
Pathway of Hepatic Portal System
End of Chapter 15