GREG PHARR AND DUSTIN

GALLIMORE

Section 3

Theory of plate tectonics

Plate tectonics

The theory that the Earth’s lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around on top of the asthenosphere.

Convergent boundary

When to tectonic plates push into one another.

Divergent boundary

When two tectonic plates move away from one another.

Transform boundary

When two tectonic plates slide past each other

Section 4

Deforming the Earth’s Crust

Stressis the amount of force per unit area

Compression

The type of stress that occurs when an object is squeezed

Tension

Is stress that occurs when forces act to stretch an object

Folding

Occurs when rock layers bend due to stress in the Earth’s crust

Fault

A break in the Earth’s crust along which blocks of the crust slide relative to one another due to tectonic forces

Normal fault

A fault in which the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall

Reverse fault

A fault in which the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall

Strike-slip Fault

Occurs when opposing forces cause rock to break and move horizontally