Section 2: Hinduism and Buddhism Develop

The beliefs of the Vedic Age develop into Hinduism and

Buddhism.

• Hinduism– Collection of religious

_________________ that developed slowly over time

– No _________ founder with a single set of ideas

• Origins and Beliefs– 7509-500 B.C. Hindu teachers create

Upanishads—______________ of teachings– Each person has _____________—soul

united with all others in Brahman– In reincarnation, people ________________

to new lives– A soul’s good and bad deeds,

________________, determines course of new life

• Hinduism Changes and Develops– Over last 2,500 years different

________________ of gods grow in importance

– Today, Hindus choose own path to ___________—a state of perfect understanding

• Hinduism and Society– Hinduism strengthened the ______________

system

• New Religions Arise– Jainism, a ___________ religion, arises in

500s B.C.– Jains will ______________ harm any creature– They work in trade, commerce; practice

religious ___________________

The Buddha Seeks Enlightenment

• Siddhartha Gautama– _________________ of Buddhism; priest

prophesized his greatness

• Siddhartha’s Quest– Raised in __________________, Siddhartha

Gautama wants to learn about world– Seeks _________________________

(wisdom), how to escape human suffering– Tries _______________ methods; gains,

enlightenment by meditating– Becomes the _________________, the

“enlightened one”

• Origins and Beliefs– Buddha begins to teach _____________________– Preaches ____________ Noble Truths—basic

philosophy of Buddhism– Fourth Noble Truth is to follow the Eightfold Path to

achieve ________________– Nirvana:

• a perfect state of _______________• a release from selfishness and _________________• a ______________ from the chain of reincarnations, rebirths

– Buddha _________________ caste system and multiple gods of Hinduism

• The Religious Community– Some followers devote lives to religion,

become _________________ and nuns– Three bases of Buddhism: Buddha, religious

___________________, teachings

• Buddhism and Society– Many followers at first among

_________________ and lower caste– Monks and nuns ___________________

Buddha’s teachings– Teachings written to become

__________________ literature

• Buddhism in India– Spreads to other parts of

_________________– Never gains firm hold in

____________________; Hinduism remains strong

– Buddhist pilgrims often _________________ India

• Trade and the Spread of Buddhism– Buddhism spreads by _______________ to:– Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Sumatra,

________________, Korea, Japan