sea floor spreading chapter 4.4. what is the mid-ocean ridge? what do we use to map the mid-ocean...

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Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4

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Page 1: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

Sea Floor SpreadingChapter 4.4

Page 2: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

• What is the mid-ocean ridge?

• What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge?

• The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains in the world.

• The mid-ocean ridge is mapped using Sonar.

Page 3: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

Page 4: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

• What idea did Harry Hess propose?

• Harry Hess proposed that ocean floors move like conveyer belts, carrying the continents along with them. This movement begins at the mid-ocean ridge called Sea Floor spreading.

Page 5: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

• How does this movement at the mid-ocean ridge begin?

• At the mid-ocean ridge, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts. The molten material then spreads out, pushing older rock to both sides of the ridge.

Page 6: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

Page 7: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

Page 8: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

• What types of evidence support the theory of sea-floor spreading?

Three Types of Evidences:

1. Evidence from Molten Material

Page 9: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

• How does magnetic stripes support the theory of Sea floor spreading?

2. Evidence from Magnetic Stripes

Page 10: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

In Order to understand Magnetic Stripes lets talk

about the Earth’s magnetic North!

Presented by Ms. Macris and Ms. Burke from UCLA

Page 11: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

What exactly is the North Pole?

Page 12: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

The Earth acts like a giant magnet because of it’s metallic core!

Page 13: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

Sometimes the magnet flips over!

Magnetic reversal video

Page 14: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

Page 15: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

Page 16: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

Page 17: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

How the seafloor got it’s stripes!

Page 18: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

• Drilling Samples

• Evidence of Sea floor spreading video

3. Evidence from Drilling SamplesYoungest rock was found in the center and older further away.

Page 19: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

• What is subduction?

• Subduction is the process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle.

• animation of subduction • another animation of plate tectonics

Page 20: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

Subduction

Page 21: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

• What is created where subduction occurs?

• The ocean floor plunges into deep underwater canyons called deep-ocean trenches.

• Deep Ocean Trench

Page 22: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

How does this help explain Wagner’s idea of continental drift?

Page 23: Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4.4. What is the mid-ocean ridge? What do we use to map the mid-ocean ridge? The mid-ocean ridge is the longest chain of mountains

• Why doesn’t the ocean floor keep getting wider?

• The Pacific Ocean is getting smaller and the Atlantic Ocean is getting bigger.

• Bill Nye sea floor spreading video

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