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Sea creatures

Look Closero o

A Dorling Kindersley Book



LONDON, NEW YORK, MUNICH,

MELBOURNE, and DELHI

Text by Sue MalyanEditor Caroline Bingham

Senior art editor Janet AllisPublishing manager Susan LeonardManaging art editor Clare Shedden

Jacket design Simon OonPicture researcher Sarah Mills

Production Luca BazzoliDTP Designer Almudena Díaz

First published in Great Britain in 2005 by Dorling Kindersley Limited

80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL

A Penguin Company

2 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3 1

Copyright © 2005 Dorling Kindersley Limited, London

A CIP catalogue record for this bookis available from the British Library.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,

recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.

ISBN 1-4053-1168-1

Colour reproduction by Colourscan, SingaporePrinted and bound in China by Hung Hing

Discover more at www.dk.com



Contents

Look out for us. We will

show you the size of every

animal in this book.

6 Mobile home

8 An inky trail

10 Feeling my way

12 Crusty crab

14 Look! No head!

16 Snappy shells18 Look! No arms!

20 Sea stars

22 Open wide!

23 Index and

Glossary



M o bile ho me

This hermit crab dragsits home wherever it

goes. It finds a shell to

live in, then hides inside

with just its head and

front legs poking out.This shell once belonged

to a whelk. It was just the right size, so I moved in.

6

This hermit

crab’s body

reaches up to

10 cm (4 in)in length. As it

grows, it finds

larger shells

to move into.



D i d

y ou k n o w . . .

... If a hermit

crab is scared, it hides in its shell.It uses its biggest

pincer to nipan attacker.

7I can see all around

because my eyes

are on stalks.

Mmm, a dead

fish - just what

I fancy for my

breakfast.

m u n c h

m

u n c h



A n ink y t r a i l Whoosh! An octopushas been startled, so it

has squirted a cloud of

black ink into the water.

Now it shoots off to

hide in its home

under a pile

of rocks.

8

I suck in water, thensquirt it out of this funnel

to push me along.

I use my arms towalk and to catch

crabs and shellfish for my dinner.

swis h s w o o

s h

This

common

octopus is

1 m (3 ft)

long.



This is my eye. My pupil isslit-shaped, not roundlike yours.

D i d

y ou k n o w . . .

9

I grip my preywith these rows

of suckers.

... An octopuscan change colour.If it is frightened it turns white, and

if it is angry it turns blue.



F e e l ing m y w a y

This strawberry shrimp liveson a coral reef, hiding amongthe corals or in a burrow inthe sand. Its long feelers,or antennae, help it to find food.

I use my claws for picking up food and

digging in the sand.If I lose a claw, I cangrow another one.

10

n i p

This shrimpis 5 cm (2 in)

long. It is alsocalled a bloodor fire shrimp.

n i p

11



D i d y ou k

n o w . . .

... Fish visit thisshrimp to be

cleaned up. Theshrimp eats the tiny creatures that live

on their scales.

11

My skeleton grows on the outside of my body, like a shell.

I have two pairs of antennae to help me find food.

12



C r ust y c r ab

Scuttling around a rockpool, a pie-crust crab islooking for food. It gets itsname from the top part of its shell, which lookslike the pastry on a pie.

c r u n

c h

c r u n

c h

c r u

n c h

12

The colours of my shell help me to hide among the pebbles.

I have two huge pincers forgrabbing my food.

An adult pie-crust crabmeasures about

15 cm (6 in)across its shell.

That’s about thesize of your hand.

u k 13



I eat shrimps and mussels.My mouth is sharp to help me

bite through their shells.

D i d

y ou k n o w . . .

13

... Duringher life, the

female crab lays at

least three millioneggs. Only a fewsurvive to be

adults.

14

k! N



The world’slargest sea

cucumber isabout 2 m (6 ft) long.Most are smaller. This

one is about 12 cm(5 in) long.

M y s

k i

n

i s

t o u g h

a n d

s p i n y.

14

I use the sticky tentacles

around my mouth to

catch my food.

This strange-looking animalis a sea cucumber. It has nohead or eyes, just a mouthand a flexible body.

L o o k! No head!

I feel around for tiny plants and animals.

15



My mouth is hiddenin the middle of

my tentacles.

D i d

y ou k n o w . . .

15

These tiny tubes are my feet. I use them to push myself along slowly.

... A seacucumberbreathes throughits bottom! It usesthe same hole tobreathe and get

rid of waste.

s t

i c

ky

p r i c

k l

y

16



S n app y s he l l s

Lying on the seabed, a groupof queen scallops are waiting for

their next meal to float past. They

trap tiny plants in the waving

hairs around their shells.

D i d

y ou k n o w . . .

... You can tella scallop’s age by

counting the ridges

on its shell. Themore ridges, the

older it is.

16

I swim along by opening andshutting my shell, a bit like

you clapping your hands.

s n a p!

s n a p

!

17



o p e n, s h u t

, o p

e n, s h

u t

17

I’ve got rows of eyes, but I can’t see well.I only sense light and

things that move.

These queen scallopsreach 9 cm

(3 1 ⁄ 2 in).

18



L o ok! N o ar m s!

These seahorses live on acoral reef. They can changecolour to match the corals, which helps them to hide.

I hang on tight with

my tail.

Seahorsesare small.

These ones willgrow to just 12 cm (5 in)in length.

18

I can suck upwhole shrimp in

my mouth, which isshaped like a straw.

s u c k

s l u

r p

19



D i d

y ou k n o w . . .

... Seahorseseat all day long.

A young one canhoover up as many

as 3,500 shrimpin one day!

I move around by beating the fin on my back, and I steer with

two fins on my head.

I’m a grape coral. Don’t touch me, or

I’ll sting you with my poisonous tentacles.

st20



S e astar s

Did you know that if astarfish or a brittle starloses an arm, they just grow another?

I’m called a brittle star.I move around by wriggling

my arms from side to side.

This scarlet serpent brittle star’s

arms reach15 cm (6 in).

I ’ m too

s p

i n y

t oea

t

!

I trap shrimp and other

food in the spines along my arms.

w r i g g l e

w r i g g l e

you k21



D i d

y ou k n o w . . .

... Starfish eat mussels and

scallops. They pulltheir victims’ shellsapart with their

strong arms.

I have an eye

on the end of

each arm.

en wid !22



O p en w i d e !

This beautifully coloured shellbelongs to a giant blue clam.It can open and shut its shell,but it can’t moveabout.

At 15 cm (6 in),this clam is

quite small, but

giant clams cangrow to be 1 m(3 ft) across.

s q u i r

t !

23I h ll t f d I d



My green patches are tiny plants

called algae.I eat them!

D i d y ou k n o w

. . .

... Sometimes ablue clam makes apearl. It can growto be as big as a

golf ball!

I open my shell to feed, and shut it tight ifI am frightened.

I suck in water and flush out

waste through two big tubescalled siphons.

algae 23antennae 11

brittle star 19clam 22coral 19crab

pie-crust 12-13

hermit 6-7fin 19hermit crab 6-7ink 8octopus 8-9

pie-crust crab 12-13pincers 7, 12

scallops 16-17sea cucumber 14-15sea horses 18-19shell 6, 7, 12, 16, 22shrimp 10-11

siphon 23starfish 21suckers 9tentacles 14, 15, 19

Index

Glossary Algae are simple plants.Seaweeds are types of algae.

Antennae feelers that acreature uses to sense where

it is or to find food.

Coral is made up of tiny animals called polyps. Millionsof polyps join together to forma coral reef.

Fin a flattened limb used by fish to move or changedirection.

Pearl a hard, round substance. A pearl forms inside somemolluscs around a grainof sand.

Poison a liquid or othersubstance that kills or harmsan animal if the animaltouches or eats it.

Suckers cup-shaped padsthat stick to surfaces, helpinga creature to grip.

Siphon a tube that a seacreature uses to suck in orsend out seawater.

Tentacles a long arm usedfor touching, feeding, and

smelling.

sea creatures-dk look closer - dk

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