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A status report for the Scanditronix MC32 cyclotron in Copenhagen

Holger Jensen

PET and Cyclotron unit

Department of Clinical Physiology,

Nuclear Medicine & PET

Rigshospitalet,

University of Copenhagen

Denmark.

E-mail: Holger.Jan.Jensen@regionh.dk

Phone: +45 3545 1866

Mobile: +45 2725 8676

Fax: +45 3545 3896

SCX Users Meeting, Copenhagen, 19-20/06/2017

Agenda

Examples of upgrades/projects for our MC32 discussed at previous meetings. 1. Ion sources

2. Vacuum upgrade – new and better cooled baffles

3. Central region modification – new parts, better vacuum,

4. New 18F target “Lund/Uppsala type”

5. 18F target loading/unloading system

6. RF upgrade – replacement of RDRC, RLC and RPM electronics.

P2

Today (list of priority) 1. RF upgrade – status

2. SCADA system upgrade – latest news: IO board replacement

3. New chimney for radioactive gas waste

4. New Solid target – 62Zn/62Cu.

5. New 81Rb/81mKr target.

6. Question: Autogain-multiplexer card solution

7. Jumps in extraction

a. RF upgrade – status

b. SCADA system upgrade

c. Simulations, Dee-voltage measurements

d. He cooling flange in PEEK

e. New He cooling system for beam-line 2.

1A: RF upgrade – Status

P3

• Analysis in 2011 by an RF-engineer Thorsten Holst from “Danfysik”

• RLC, RPM and RDRA analysed for access to spare parts and if not for replacement components.

• Conclusion (in 2011):

Increasingly difficult to find spare parts and replacement components.

37 years more running time might be difficult.

Hard to find technicians too!

My +56- plan impossible.

• 2012:

Detailed pre-study by a new company: “Axcon”

RDRC included in upgrade.

• 2012/2013:

Application for money.

• 2014:

Jan. 2014: start

Axcon ApS,

Diplomvej 381,

DK-2800 Lyngby .

Denmark.

Tel +45 4822 9266

www.axcon.dk

info@axcon.dk

• 2015:

Jan/Feb 2015: Installation of the first two RLDC units.

• 2016:

Mar. 2016: Installation and test of spare RLDC unit.

1C: RF upgrade – The final RLDC units

P5 Axcon ApS · Diplomvej 381 · DK-2800 Lyngby · Tel +45 4822 9266 · www.axcon.dk · info@axcon.dk

3 RLDC units – one spare.

1D: RF upgrade – Status

P6

System has been running successfully since January 2015.

Only one minor problem at one board.

Expensive but very successful project. Franck Winther,

Wintek Aps.

Anders Enggaard,

Axcon Aps.

Axcon ApS · Diplomvej 381 · DK-2800 Lyngby · Tel +45 4822 9266 · www.axcon.dk · info@axcon.dk

Agenda

P7

Today

1. RF upgrade – status √

2. SCADA system upgrade – latest news: IO board replacement

2A: S5 + CP527 S7 + IGSS upgrade

New upgrade was started in 2012

Upgrade in 3 steps:

1. step:

New software company: Taangberg Pro Consult

(experience with big projects)

Replacement of S5-135-U PLC with S7-414-3 PN/DP PLC.

10 times more memory as compared to the “2000”-CPU. Much faster CPU.

Replacement of CP527 based GUI with only one server IGSS32 and two

operator/client stations.

IGSS ver. 2 9, 2000 5000 objects.

All hardware exchanged (out-dated).

Most of the old code-translation could be used.

S5/S7 conversion worked fine.

Pure 1:1 translation of the code.

Bugs fixed.

Unwanted features removed.

• Stripper foil carousel could collide with valve.

P8

Tångberg Pro-Consult ApS,

Brøndbyvej 210,

DK2625 Vallensbæk, Denmark.

Phone +45 4362 4733,

Mobile +45 2168 5153

E-mail: let@taangberg.dk

Web: http://www.taangberg.dk/

2B: S5 + CP527 S7 + IGSS upgrade

Step 1: Finished (2014). No problems observed. New software company: Taangberg Pro Consult

Replacement of S5-135-U PLC with S7-414-3 PN/DP PLC.

10 times more memory as compared to 2000-CPU.

Replacement of CP527 based GUI with only one server IGSS32 and two

operator stations.

IGSS ver. 2 9, 2000 5000 objects.

All hardware changed (out-dated).

Most of the old code-translation could be used.

S5/S7 conversion worked fine.

Pure 1:1 translation of the code.

Bugs fixed.

Step 3: January 2017. Very successful!

Replacement of all I/O modules.

Some changes in the code for making this.

Some new I/O (more AI).

Step 2: On-going (2015- …)

Moving stand-alone target control systems (18F, Kr, …) back to S7.

New 11C, 18F and 81Rb/81mKr target control system.

New target He-cooling system control pages.

P9

Tångberg Pro-Consult ApS,

Brøndbyvej 210,

DK2625 Vallensbæk, Denmark.

Phone +45 4362 4733,

Mobile +45 2168 5153

E-mail: let@taangberg.dk

Web: http://www.taangberg.dk/

2C: SCADA upgrade – IO replacement

P10

Before IO-replacement After/final look

TPC:

• Careful planning.

• Bench-test-

conversions of

signals for all IO

boards.

2D: SCADA upgrade – IO replacement

P11

Disconnect all connectors, move PLC Out with S5 racks and in with S7 backplanes.

In with IO boards

2E: SCADA upgrade – IO replacement

P12

DI + DO: Use S5-S7 adapter connector

Saves a d… lot of work!

AI+AO:

• Tedious manual work.

• But they were working fast.

AI+AO:

• VERY careful job needed.

• Only one misplaced cable!

• Two setup-changes of boards.

• One jump in I-MC reading

(mis-calibration of old IO

board)

2F: SCADA upgrade - The TPC “boys”

P13

Thomas

Martin Peter + Claus

Agenda

P14

Today

1. RF upgrade – status √

2. SCADA system upgrade – latest news: IO board replacement √

3. New chimney for radioactive gas waste and waste-filter bunker

3A: Heavy construction activities – New “Nordfløj”

P15

Old chimney position.

2 TBq/y

Temporary solution

20 TBq/y

New chimney vers. 1,

75m, 2014-2016?

50 TBq/y

Was to expensive!

(> “PETTrace”)

Old chimney,

1992

2 TBq/y

P 16

3B: Old and “New” chimney.

I ”Bekendtgørelse nr. 954 af 23. oktober 2000” omkring brug af åbne radioaktive kilder

kræves det, at

§6.8.5 Udsugningskanaler skal udmunde mindst 2 meter over taghøjde af de

omliggende bygninger …

Danish legislation: Chimney 2m higher than tallest building.

Start at “Nordfløj” in

2014.

New chimney vers. 2,

17m, 2017!

10 TBq/y

Under construction now.

P 17

3C: Artistic view

New “partly underground

bunker for filter units.

P 18

3D: Filter bunker

New “partly

underground bunker

for filter units.

Agenda

P21

Today

1. RF upgrade – status √

2. SCADA system upgrade – latest news: IO board replacement √

3. New chimney for radioactive gas waste and waste-filter bunker √

4. New Solid target – 62Zn/62Cu.

4A: 62Zn/62Cu generators

p. 22

62Zn

65Zn

High purity target material (natCu) is used (+99.9%). Any impurities produced in the irradiation can be separated in the chemistry (>99%).

Major concern is 65Zn (T½=244,3d).

Target thickness ∆x=1,1 mm and Ei=32 MeV gives Ef=18 MeV, and an activity ratio: A(65Zn)/A(62Zn) = 0,04%.

Production yield: 236 MBq/µAh or ≈ 50 GBq EOB in 2 h @ 50 µA. Production before [18F]-FDG. Ready early morning.

Amax(62Cu) = 0,93 Amax(

62Zn)

Several strong generators can be produced and distributed to all over Denmark and part of Sweden.

Production of 62Zn, for 62Zn/62Cu generators.

natCu(p,xn)62Zn, Ep = 32→18 MeV, Ip = +50 A

T½(62Zn)=9,13 h, T½(62Cu)=9,74 m, Pβ+ =97.4%, Emax(β+) = 2,927 MeV

Several commercial approved kits (ATSM, ETS, PTSM, …) are available.

4B: 62Zn/62Cu generators

p. 23

Target was build by HRS Kalundborg in 2014 (that we use for many other cyclotron parts).

4C: Pneumatically driven transport system

p. 24

Project delay due to lack of free target beamline positions.

Beam line 2 will be updated this year with a switch-magnet for 5 new target positions at the 32 MeV high energy beam line.

System to automatic target transfer (pneumatic driven shuttle) from target station (UK556) to hotcelle (UK566) is build together with the present filter bunker system.

Special coated hotcell (from Comecer) for the “acid”-chemistry was installed in 2016.

System still needs to be validated.

Coding in SCADA system is missing too, but simple.

4D: 62Zn/62Cu generators - From target to generator

Target

materiale

Dissolved in

hot 70% HNO3

Boiling in

2 x 10 ml 12 N HCl

1 x 5 ml 12 N HCl 62ZnCl2 +

Cu(NO3)2

Evaporation to dryness

Redissolved in 2 N HCl

Elution of 62ZnCl2

with water 62ZnCl2

Acidified with 12 N HCl

Elution with weakly

acidified NaCl solution

62CuCl2

62ZnCl2 and other

metals

We need:

• Dedicated lab – preferable close to the cyclotron

• Hotcell to handle strong acids and large amounts of radioactivity

• Automated process

• Automated system to transport irradiated target (1-300 mSv/h)

Agenda

P27

Today

1. RF upgrade – status √

2. SCADA system upgrade – latest news: IO board replacement √

3. New chimney for radioactive gas waste and waste-filter bunker √

4. New Solid target – 62Zn/62Cu. √

5. New 81Rb/81mKr target.

5A: New 81Rb/81mKr-target – old design

p. 28

Has been produced in Denmark for almost 40 years.

Today only 10 generators per week.

Our target was from 1992 and was a ”temporary solution.”

It was made out of Stainless Steel becomes heavily activated.

5B: New 81Rb/81mKr-target – new design

natKr(p,n)81mRb, Ep = 32 MeV, Ip = 20 A

P29

5C: New 81Rb/81mKr-target - cooling

P30

p. 31

5D: New 81Rb/81mKr-target Al-SS problem!

• Aluminium target body with Nickel coating. Otherwise Rubidium is

known to stick to the wall.

• Our Ni coating is not functioning: Problems with the generators and

difficulties to drive the 81mKr gas out of the generator.

• Will be studied further when our BL2 has been updated and we have

spare positions for experimental targets

• ZAG Zyklotron AG has offered to do a new (and better?) coating.

5E: New 81Rb/81mKr-target – mechanical stress study

P32

5F: New 81Rb/81mKr-target – flow and heat transfer

P33

Optimization of flow for water cooling: HRS_Kr-target_1609-0225.mp4

5G: New 81Rb/81mKr-target – flow and heat transfer

P34

5H: New 81Rb/81mKr-target – heat transfer

P35

• Heat transfer calculations can be done in ”SolidWorks” but the license is

very expensive.

• Hope to find a smart physics student that can do the calculations

(COMSOL, … ?).

• Q1: Any of you that have access to simulation codes?

• Aluminium target body with Nickel coating. Otherwise Rubidium is known

to stick to the wall.

• First production was successful, but the yield from the generators was very

low.

• Aluminium target body was replaced with a new Stainless Steel target

(similar design). Production yields back to normal after a few productions.

• Al-target yield problems should be investigated further.

p. 36

New SCADA solution under Siemens Simatic S7

5I: New 81Rb/81mKr-target - SCADA

Agenda

P37

Today

1. RF upgrade – status √

2. SCADA system upgrade – latest news: IO board replacement √

3. New chimney for radioactive gas waste and waste-filter bunker √

4. New Solid target – 62Zn/62Cu. √

5. New 81Rb/81mKr target. √

Finito, basta, … 1

P38