scottish index of multiple deprivation (simd) 2009 · 2014-06-28 · • the scottish index of...

www.scotland.gov.uk/simd

Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) 2009

Matt Perkins Office of the Chief Statistician

30th October 2009


• Methodology• Results

• Overall• LA (Local and National Share)• Income and Employment domains

• Outputs• Uses of SIMD

SIMD 2009


What is the SIMD?• The Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation

identifies small area concentrations of multiple deprivation across all of Scotland

• The SIMD ranks the 6,505 datazones in Scotland from 1 being most deprived to 6,505 being the least deprived in Scotland.

• Relative measure so always a most deprived 15% (976 datazones)


What are datazones?• Statistical geography• Fixed boundaries over time• 6,505 datazones in Scotland• Average population of 750 people


Calculating the SIMD 2009• Minimise change since SIMD 2006 to

ensure comparability• 38 indicators across 7 aspects of

deprivation (domains)• Same domains in SIMD 2009• No change to domain weights• Some changes to indicators• Mostly 2007 / 2008 data• 2007 populations


• Employment domain• Income domain• Health domain• Education domain• Access to services• Crime domain • Housing domain

SIMD 2009 domains


Employment Deprivation Domain• Based on benefits data (2008)

– Unemployment Claimant Count• 12 month average

– Incapacity Benefit recipients• Working age

– Severe Disablement Allowance• Working age

– Compulsory New Deal Participants• No change to 2004 indicators for 2006 or 2009• Datazone SAPE

– Working age population


Income Deprivation Domain• Not measuring income• Based on benefits data (2008 and 2007)

– Income support• adults and children

– Guarantee Pension Credit• adults

– Job Seekers Allowance• adults and children

• 2004 used WFTC and DTC data• 2009 – WTC and CTC (2006 data)• Datazone SAPE

– Total population


Health Deprivation Domain• Indicators used:

– Standardised Mortality Ratio– Hospital Episodes related to alcohol use– Hospital Episodes related to drug use– Comparative Illness Factor– Emergency Admissions to Hospital– Proportion of population being prescribed drugs for anxiety,

depression or psychosis– Proportion of live singleton births of low birth weight

• Methodological changes since 2004• Minor changes for 2009• Combined using factor analysis


Education Deprivation Domain• Indicators

– School pupil absences– Pupil Performance on SQA at Stage 4– Working age people with no qualifications– 17-21 year olds enrolling into HE– People ages 16-18 not in full time education,

employment or training• NEET indicator change for 2009• Populations relevant to indicator• Combined using factor analysis


Access to Services Domain• Drive Times

– GP– Shopping facilities (Supermarket in 2004)– Petrol Station– Primary and Secondary Schools (Primary only in 2004)– Post Office

• Public Transport (Not included in SIMD 2004)– GP– Shopping Facilities– Post Office

• Population weighted based on COAs• Factor analysis within sub-domains• Methodology and modelling changes• Change to sub-domain weights.


Crime Domain• Relevant to Neighbourhood Deprivation• ‘SIMD crime’ not ‘Total Crime’

– Crimes of violence– Drug Offences– Domestic Housebreaking– Minor Assault– Vandalism

• Does not include crimes in/near police station• First included in 2006• Total populations – rate per 10,000• Move to financial year for SIMD 2009


Housing Deprivation Domain• Census data

– No change since SIMD 2004– Persons in households which are

overcrowded– Persons in households without central heating

• Census populations– Total population

• No new indicators identified


Domains and Weightings2004 2006 2009

Domains weight

% of overall weight Domains weight

% of overall weight weight

% of overall weight

Current Income 6 29 Current Income 12 28 12 28

Employment 6 29 Employment 12 28 12 28Health 3 14 Health 6 14 6 14Education, Skills and training 3 14

Education, Skills and training 6 14 6 14

Geographic Access and Telecommu nications 2

10 Geographic Access:

4 9 4 9

~ Drive times 0.75 0.66

~ Public transport times

0.25 0.33

Housing 1 5 Housing 1 2 1 2- - - Crime 2 5 2 5


Points to watch• Data from 2007 and 2008 means the recent economic

downturn not picked up but it is unlikely to have a large effect on the relative differences across Scotland.

• Changes to methodology so care is needed when comparing over time eg crime domain, tax credit data.

• There will always be a 15% most deprived – if a datazone moves out another will move in.

• The Index is relative ie shows an area is more or less deprived than another one but not how much more deprived. Use Income and Employment domains and the indicators.

• The least deprived area is not the most affluent, it just lacks deprivation eg in the income domain there is a lack of benefit claimants


Points to watch• No datazones in the 15% most deprived does

not mean no deprivation, just no concentrations of multiple deprivation

• Not all people who are deprived live in deprived areas. The index measures concentrations of deprivation

• 36% of income deprived people live in the 15% most deprived areas 64% live out with 15% most deprived.

• Index does work in rural areas just fewer concentrations of multiple deprivation and more mixed populations.


SIMD 2009 Summary Results


Headline findings• Improvements in Glasgow• Concentrations of multiple deprivation becoming more

spread out geographically• Concentrations of deprivation in most deprived

datazones reduced slightly• 101 datazones moved into 15% MD and 101 moved out• 4 in 5 datazones in 15% in SIMD 09 have been in on

both SIMD 04 and SIMD 06• 4 in 5 datazones that moved out between 04 and 06

stayed out.


Change in Glasgow


Most deprived datazone

• S01003279• East end of

Glasgow.• Ranked 62 in

SIMD 2006• DZ ranked 1 in

SIMD 2006 now ranked 2


SIMD 2009 National Share


SIMD 2009 – National Share (part 1)

*The national share is the number/percentage of datazones in the 15% most deprived in Scotland that fall in each Local Authority


SIMD 2009 Local Share


SIMD 2009 – Local Share (part 1)

*The local share is the percentage of datazones within a Local Authority that fall within the 15% most deprived in Scotland


Datazone movement


Datazone movement by vigintile


Datazone moving out of 15% MD


Datazone moving into 15% MD


SIMD 2009 Domains


Employment domain

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

30.0%

35.0%

40.0%

45.0%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Employment Domain Vigintile

% W

orki

ng A

ge P

opul

atio

n Em

ploy

men

t Dep

rived

2004 2006 2009Most Deprived Least Deprived


Income domain

05

1015202530354045505560

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20Income Domain Vigintile

% P

opul

atio

n In

com

e D

epriv

ed

SIMD2004 SIMD2006 SIMD2009

Most Deprived

LeastDeprived


SIMD 2009 outputs


Where to find more..• General report with initial analysis • Technical report• Guidance leaflet• Interactive mapping website• Statistical Compendium

– tables, charts & maps • Background data for SIMD 2006• www.scotland.gov.uk/simd• More to come…

http://www.scotland.gov.uk/simd


Interactive mapping website


Interactive mapping


Uses of SIMD & Population• National and Local level

– Policy• Targeting of schemes / resources• Risk assessment

– Funding• Regeneration

– Population weighting

• Health– Dentists


ANY QUESTIONS?

Contacts:Matt Perkins

Tel: 0131 244 0443

[email protected]

Neighbourhood Statistics (SNS & SIMD)

Tel: 0131 244 0442

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

scottish index of multiple deprivation (simd) 2009 · 2014-06-28 · • the scottish index of...

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