Scientist-LocalCommunityInteractions

ReportforAICCMeetingNovember9-10,2016

Seattle

LeeCoopercooper@umces.edu

ChesapeakeBiologicalLaboratoryUniversityofMarylandCenterforEnvironmentalScience

ArcticWaterwaysSafetyCommittee(http://www.arcticwaterways.org/)

AreaofresponsibilityinmauveThemissionoftheArcticWaterwaysSafetyCommitteeistoimplementlawfulbestpracticestoensureasafe,efficient,andpredictableoperatingenvironmentforallArcticwaterwayusers.

Organizational Structure

Subsistence HuntersWillie Goodwin

Alaska Beluga Whale Committee

Harry Brower*George Noongwook

Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission

John GoodwinAlaska Ice Seal Committee

Jack Omelak*Charles Brower

Alaska Nanuuq Commission

Vera Metcalf*Charles Brower

Eskimo Walrus Commission

IndustryDavid George, Shell

Oil and Gas

Greg Pavellas, CrowleyJim Dwight, Bowhead

Tug & Barge

TBDRegional Economic Development

TBDCommercial Fishing

TBDTourism

OtherMayor Denise Michels

City of Nome

Wendie SchaefferNorthwest Arctic Borough

Paul FuhsNorth Slope Borough

Austin Ahmasuk, KawerakRegional Tribal Organization

James BoyerAlaska Marine Pilots

Executive SecretaryJenny Evans

Ex-Officio ObserversDavid Pikul, State of Alaska; Capt. Ed Page, Marine Exchange of Alaska; CDR Hector Cintron, U.S. Coast Guard, Sector Anchorage;

Dr. Martin Robards, Science/NGO; Bob Poe, University of Alaska; OSRO/Marine Salvage

Willie GoodwinChairman

OfficersJames BoyerVice Chair

Jack OmelakTreasurer

Wendie SchaefferSecretary

* Alternates

Sub-Committees & ChairmanshipSubsistence: Harry Brower, Jr.

Standards of Lightering and Barge Operations: Jim Dwight & Greg PavellasScience: Dr. Martin Robards Infrastructure: Paul Fuhs & Denise Michels

ArcticWaterwaysSafetyCommittee

WorkshoponStrategiesandCommunicationProtocolstoMitigateImpactsofResearchVesselsonAlaskaNativeSubsistenceHuntsintheHighArctic

Anchorage,December10-11,2015

Follow-upMeeting,Juneau,March2-3,2016Informalmeetingwithscientistinvolvement

ArcticScienceSummitWeek,Fairbanks,March13andMarch16,2016

http://arcticwaterways.org

WhatisaStandardofCare?Intortlaw,thestandardofcareistheonlydegreeofprudenceandcautionrequiredofanindividualwhoisunderadutyofcare.Therequirementsofthestandardarecloselydependentoncircumstances.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_of_care“Whatseparatesacommonaccidentfromanactofnegligence,however,isthe"standardofcare"requiredinagivensituation.Byneglectingtheproperstandardofcareforagivensituation,anindividualmaybefoundliableforanyresultinginjuries.”Source:http://injury.findlaw.com/accident-injury-law/standards-of-care-and-the-reasonable-person.html

AICCcommentsonStandardofCareDocument

AICCcommentsondraftStandardofCaredocumentsubmittedbyBobCampbell,February25,2016

Revisedversioncommentssubmitted,October20,2016

Someofthemajorcriticismsrevolvedaroundunrealistictimelinesforcruiseplanningandthepotentialforsignificanttraveltomeetreportingrequirements,andotherfactorsthatscientistsmaynothavemuchcontrolover.NorthPacificResearchBoardhasalsocontributedcriticalsuggestions(perDanielleDickson)

MyconclusionisthatweneedaBestPracticesdocument,notaStandardofCare

Briefing Provided at PAG meetings 2016 meetings in Fairbanks, March 2016 (primarily about the Arctic Waterways Safety Committee and

need to communicate cruise plans to local communities)

Cruise information sharing for 2017, October 27, 2016

Sophia International Hotel Qingdao, China

Pacific Arctic Group (PAG): Informing our International Colleagues

h"p://pag.arc+cportal.org

Scienceaccessduringsubsistencewhaling:April-MayandSept-Octperiods-needtointerfacewithcoastalcommuni+es,contactAlaskaEskimoWhalingCommission,

EskimoWalrusCommission,andnewArc+cWaterwaysSafetyCommi"ee

[modifiedfromS.Danielsenmap2015]

NorthernBeringandSEChukchiSea

NEChukchiandBeaufortSea

Examples of one page summaries provided to Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission, February

2016

Pacific Arctic Group (PAG):

h"p://pag.arc+cportal.org

Canada’sThreeOceans(C30)andtheDistributedBiologicalObservatory(DBO)Program

CCGSSirWilfridLaurier,July10-22,2016Ports:Victoria,BC,CanadatoBarrow,Alaska,USA

USDBOContact:JackieM.Grebmeier,ChesapeakeBiologicalLaboratory,UniversityofMarylandCenter

for Environmental Science, Solomons, MD 20688, USA; ph. 410-326-7334, fax 410-326-7302; email:

jgrebmei@umces.edu;CanadianChiefScientist:SveinVagleSvein.Vagle@dfo-mpo.gc.ca

During the annual cruise of the Canadian Coast Guard icebreaker Sir Wilfrid Laurier from US into

Canadianwaters,weplantore-samplefiveregions(Figure1)extendingfromthenorthernBeringSeato

the northern Chukchi Sea as part of the Distributed Biological Observatory (DBO) program

www.arctic.noaa.gov/dbo/. We are tracking the seasonal and year to year changes in the marine

ecosystem, returning to the same “hotspots” of biological productivity each year. TheDBO has been

developedinthePacificArcticasa“changedetectionarray”sowecandocumentecosystemchangesas

seaicedisappearsearlier,returnslater,andtheoceanwarms.Thesefiveregionsareimportantfeeding

areasforPacificwalrus,beardedseals,bowheadwhales,anddivingseaducksatdifferenttimesofthe

year. Duringour cruise,wewill studywater column temperature and salinity, currents, nutrient and

chlorophyllcontent,phytoplankton,zooplanktonandbenthicspeciescomposition.Thedatawecollect

includes abundance and biomass, surface sediment characteristics, andmarinemammal and seabird

observations.Themapbelow (Figure1) shows theproposedsamplingduring July2016.Thesampling

withineachofthefiveregionstakes12-24hours,althoughsamplingforthehandfulofstations inthe

coastalzonebetween5-12milesfromshorearenormallycompletedwithin2hours.Wehopetohearof

anyconcernsorquestionsaboutourresearchplanfromlocalcommunities.Dataandotherinformation

on the research we have already completed as part of DBO effort are available at

http://www.arctic.noaa.gov/dbo/,butofcoursewewouldwelcometheopportunitytocomeinperson

tolocalcommunitiesasfundsandtimepermit.DBOstudiesarefundedbytheUSNationalOceanicand

AtmosphericAdministration,NationalScienceFoundationandothernationalgovernmentagencies.We

dothiswork incooperationwith internationalpartners includingscientistsonotherships fromChina,

Korea, Japan andRussia, in addition to theCanadian scientistswehaveworkedwith each year since

1998aboardtheSirWilfridLaurier.

Figure1.Mapandtimingofplanned

samplingsitesinJuly2016

• July14-southSt.LawrenceIsland

(DBO1)

• July15-ChirikovBasin(DBO2)

• July17:SEChukchiSea(DBO3)-

closeststation5milesfromcoast,

estimatetimewithin12milestobe

2hours

• July19:NEChukchiSeaoff

Wainwright(DBO4)-closeststation

30milesoffshore

• July20:offBarrow(DBO5)-closest

station5milesfromcoast,estimate

timewithin12milestobe2hours

Multidisciplinary.ocean.survey.in.the.western.Arctic.Ocean..

ARAON,&Aug&3&*&Aug&20,&2016:&Nome&to&Barrow,&Alaska&

&

&

Chief&Scientist:&Eun&Jin&Yang,&Department&of&Polar&Ocean&Environment,&Korea&Polar&Research& Institute,&

26,& Songdomirae*ro,& Yeonsu*gu,& Incheon,& 21990,& Republic& of& Korea;& ph.& 82*32*760*5334;& Email:&

ejyang@kopri.re.kr&&

&

The& icebreaker&ARAON&will&be& sampling&north&of& the&Bering&Sea,&Chukchi&Sea&and&East&Siberian&Sea&

from& Aug& 3& to& Aug& 20& during& the& summer& of& 2016.& The& objective& of& this& cruise& is& to& investigate& the&

structure&and&processes&in&the&water&column&and&subsurface&sediment&around&the&Pacific&Arctic&Ocean&in&

rapid& transition.& Another& objective& is& to& understand& sea& ice& dynamics& and& sea& ice& ecosystem& in& the&

Chukchi&Sea.&These&studies,& funded&by& the&Ministry&of&Oceans&and&Fisheries&and&Korea&Polar&Research&

Institute,&will&be&undertaken&by&a&team&of&scientists&from&the&Korea&Institute&of&Science&and&Technology&

Busan&National&University,&Inha&University,&Incheon&National&University,&Hanyang&university,&SAMS,&BAS,&

University&of&Seattle,&Ocean&University&of&China&and&Tokyo&University&of&Marine&Science&and&Technology.&

We&will& study& the&plankton& (bacteria,& phytoplankton&and& zooplankton),& phytoplankton&physiology& and&

pigments,&primary&production,&nutrients,&DOC,&POC,&PON,&DON,&pCO2,&DIC,&Amino&acid,& &N2O&gas,&black&

carbon,& interaction&between&water&column&and&atmosphere,&as&well&as&physical&oceanographic&studies&

of& the& currents& and& ice& conditions.& The& map& below& (Figure& 1)& shows& about& 40& stations& that& we& will&

sample& during& summer& 2016& that& are& similar& to& our& 2015& effort.& & Particularly,& & we& are& going& to& take&

samples&at&6&stations&in&DBO&line&3&between&4&and&6&August.&&

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.Figure.1.&Map&of&our&proposed&sampling&sites&(2016&Arctic&Cruise)&&

!!

R/V Mirai Arctic Ocean cruise

22 Aug – 23 Sep, 2016: Shimizu (Japan) to Nome (Alaska) Chief Scientist: Shigeto Nishino Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) 2-15 Natsushima, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan Tel. +81-46-867-9487; Email: nishinos@jamstec.go.jp

The Research Vessel Mirai (R/V Mirai) belonging to Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) will conduct hydrographic, marine biogeochemical, and meteorological surveys in the Arctic Ocean during September, 2016. The objective of this cruise is to quantify on-going changes in the ocean, atmosphere, and ecosystem, which are related to the recent Arctic warming and sea ice reduction.

The observational activities consist of CTD/XCTD/UCTD, drifting buoy deployments, mobile float observation with camera and sensors, optical measurements, water samplings, plankton net samplings, sediment samplings, visual observation of marine animals, wave and sea spray observations, ship-board ocean current and surface water monitorings, meteorological measurements and samplings, radiosondes, Doppler radar, sea bottom topography, gravity, and magnetic field measurements, and mooring and sediment trap recoveries and deployments.

Planned schedule is as follows. 22 Aug: Depart from Shimizu, Japan 2 Sep: Northern Bering Sea 3 Sep: Bering Strait 6 Sep: Northern Chukchi Sea 7 -16 Sep: Canada and Makarov Basins 17-20 Sep: Barrow Canyon 22 Sep: Bering Strait 23 Sep: Nome 4 Oct: Hachinohe, Japan 5 Oct: Sekinehama, Japan

Geographical areas of the intended work, locations of sampling stations, and cruise tracks of survey lines in the Arctic Ocean. Planned points of stationary observations are represented by blue dots. Locations of moorings and sediment traps are represented by red circles and yellow triangles, respectively. The stations and cruise tracks are subject to change due to weather, sea ice, and other conditions. Enlarged view near the Barrow.

Canada Korea Japan

2017PAGandDBOFieldPlan-DRAFTv1

2017PAGandDBOFieldSeason(10_27_16):SamplingContributors.ProjectsKey:AON=USArcticObservingNetwork(NationalScienceFoundation);ArCS=ArcticChallengeforSustainability;C30=Canada’sThreeOceans;CHINARE=ChineseArcticResearchExpedition;DBO=DistributedBiologicalObservatory,JAMSTEC=JapanAgencyforMarine-EarthScienceandTechnology;KOPRI=KoreaPolarResearchInstitute;NOAA=NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration;OfficeofNavalResearch(ONR)MarginalIceZone(MIZ)project;PMEL=PacificMarineEnvironmentalLaboratory;RUSALCA=Russian-AmericanLong-termCensusoftheArctic.DBORegionKey:DBO1=So.St.LawrenceIs.,DBO2=ChirikovBasin,DBO3=SoChukchiSea,DBO4=NEChukchiSea,DBO5=BarrowCanyon,DBO6=EastBeaufortSea,DBO7-BeaufortSeaCentral,DBO8=Bathurstpolynyaregion.Dates(Portcalls) Ship DBORegion Projects PAGcontact ChiefScientistMay-June Sikuliaq 2,3 ASGARD SethDanielson SethDanielsonJuly(Nome-Nome) NorsemanII 3 BeringStraitMooring

Project/AONRebeccaWoodgatewoodgate@apl.washington.edu

RebeccaWoodgatewoodgate@apl.washington.edu

July1-22(Victoria,BC-Barrow)

SirWilfridLaurier

1,2,3,4,5 C30/DBO(AON) JackieGrebmeierjgrebmei@umces.edu

SveinVagleSvein.Vagle@dfo-mpo.gc.ca

August TBD 3,4 ArcticEIS2 JackieGrebmeierjgrebmei@umces.edu

EdFarleyed.farley@noaa.gov

Aug5-25Aug27-Sept10

Araon

3+ChukchiBorderland+EastSiberianSeaChukchiBorderland

KoreanExpedition(KOPRI)oceanandSea-iceresearchesGeophysical/paleoceano-graphicresearches

Sung-HoKangshkang@kopri.re.kr-same

Leg1-Eun-JinYangejyang@kopri.re.krLeg2-YoungKenJinykjin@kopri.re.kr

Sept1-14 Healy 3,4,5 ARPDBOandSBE JackieGrebmeierjgrebmei@umces.edu

RobertPickartrpickart@whoi.edu

Sept16-Oct15 Healy - Navy -NA Navy

Aug22-Oct5 Mirai 3,5+ArcticBasin

JapaneseArCS TakashiKikuchitakashik@jamstec.go.jp

ShigetoNishinonishinos@jamstec.go.jp

August TBD 3,4,5 NOAA/PMEL Phyllis.Stabeno@noaa.gov Phyllis.Stabeno@noaa.govAugust-Sept Sikuliaq 3,4,5,6 ArcticNFixation

ArcticProductivity/rcrain@nsf.gov.

ljuranek@coas.oregonstate.edu;RachelSipler

Aug24-Oct4 OscarDysonF/VCapeFlattery

12

NOAA/AFSC/EMA/FOCI jeanette.gann@noaa.gov lisa.eisner@noaa.gov

Oct3-11 SirWilfridLaurier

4,8 C30 Bill.Williams@dfo-mpo.gc.ca Humfrey.Melling@dfo-mpo.gc.ca

Oct-Nov Sikuliaq ArcticBasin ONRAcoustics M.Badley/ArcticShelf-Basin/SonarPerformance

Navy/ONR

ArcticShelfGrowth,Advection,RespirationandDepositionRateExperiment(ASGARD):UAF(Lead:SethDanielson):June2017and2018(NPRB)

DBO2

DBO3

Canada’sThreeOceans(C30)andtheDistributedBiologicalObservatory(DBO):CCGSSirWilfridLaurier,July10-22,2017

•  Seawatertemperatureandsalinity;velocitymeasurements•  Nutrients,chlorophyll,carbonproducts,CDOM•  Phytoplankton,zooplanktonandmacrobenthicabundance,

biomass,communitystructure•  Marinemammalandseabirdsurveys

DBOdatacollecQons Contact:Dr.SveinVagle,CanadianChiefScienQst,JackieGrebmeier,UMCESandPAG,jgrebmei@umces.edu

DBO1

DBO2

DBO3

DBO4

Focus:samplingalonglaQtudinaltransectlinesdevelopedasa“changedetecQonarray”forconsistentmonitoringofbiophysicalresponsestochangingenvironmentalcondiQons

EsQmatedTimeline:•  July14-southSt.LawrenceIsland

(DBO1)(5process,4CTDonlY)•  July15-ChirikovBasin(DBO2)-add7

sta+ons(4CTDonly)•  July17:SEChukchiSea(DBO3)-closest

sta+on5nmfromcoast,es+mate+mewithin12nmtobe2hrs

•  July19:NEChukchiSeaoffWainwright(DBO4)-closeststa+on30nmoffshore

•  July20:offBarrow(DBO5)-closeststa+on5nmfromcoast,es+mate+mewithin12nmtobe2hrs

DBO5

ArcQcMarineBiodiversityObservingNetwork(AMBON);NOAA/BOEM/ShellAugust2017(eitherSikuliaqorNorsemanII)-occupyDBO3and4

[fromS.Danielsenmap2015]

•  LeadKatrinIken(UAF);Co-PIs:SethDanielson,EricCollins,RussHopcroft,FranzMueter

•  co-PIS:JackieGrebmeier,LeeCooper(CBL/UMCES

•  SueMoore(NOAA),KathyKuletz(USFWS)

•  T/S•  Chlorophyll,nutrients•  Phytoplanktonand

zooplanktoncomposition

•  Macrofaunaandepifauna

•  Fishes•  Marinemammaland

seabirdsurvers

Sipler/Juranek(OSU)2016(?2017)Augustcruise(DBO3,4,5,6)

DBO3

DBO4DBO6

DBO5

ArcticEcosystemIntegratedSurvey:ArcticEIS2(NOAA)-August/Sept2017and2019August

DBO3

[NOAAandNPRB]

2017DRAFTPlansDBOandNorthernChukchiSeaShelf-BasinExchangeStudy-NOAAArcQcResearchProgram(WHOI,UMCESandNOAAPMEL)-Aug/Sept(BClinepriorto

Sept15) FieldMeasurements:StandardDBO

measurementsandprocessstudies(DBOandBarrowCanyonregion):•  Physical:CTDandloweredADCP•  Chemical:nutrients,oxygen-18,

chlorophyll-a(Chla),carboncomponents

•  Biological:zooplankton(abundanceandbiomass,growthrates)

•  Benthos:macrobenthosabundance,biomassandpopula+onstructure,

•  Sediment:organiccarbon/nitrogencontent,chlacontent,grainsize,Cs-137andPb-210content;benthicoxygenuptakeandnutrientexchange

•  Uppertrophiclevels:marinemammalshipboardsurveys

NSFAward#1637688toSitkaSoundScienceCenter

AlaskaScienceCommunicationWorkshop,October31-November2,2016

LisaBusch,leadPI“goalofimprovingthecommunicationskillsofArcticresearcherssothattheycaneffectivelyconveythegoalsandresultsoftheirresearchtoruralandAlaskaNativeaudiences.”

AlaskaScienceCommunicationWorkshop,October31-November2,2016

Participant“Inspire”talksatMt.EdgecumbeHighSchoolVisittoPublicradiostationKCAWinSitkaDiscussionswithSitkaNativeTribeoninitiatingresearchprojects